Cardamine concatenata

(Michaux) O. Schwarz

Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 46: 188. 1939.

Endemic
Basionym: Dentaria concatenata Michaux Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 30. 1803
Synonyms: Cardamine laciniata var. integra O. E. Schulz Cardamine laciniata var. lasiocarpa O. E. Schulz Dentaria laciniata Dentaria laciniata var. alterna Farwell Dentaria laciniata var. coalescens Fernald Dentaria laciniata var. integra (O. E. Schulz) Fernald Dentaria laciniata var. latifolia Farwell Dentaria laciniata var. opposita Farwell
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 7. Treatment on page 470. Mentioned on page 224, 466, 477.

Perennials; usually sparsely pubescent, sometimes glabrous. Rhizomes (tuberiform, fragile), moniliform, segments fusiform, 2–10 (–20) mm diam. (fleshy). Stems erect, unbranched, (1–) 2–4 (–5.5) dm, glabrous or pubescent distally. Rhizomal leaves 3-foliolate, (7–) 10–20 (–30) cm, leaflets sessile; petiole (4–) 7–18 (–25) cm; lateral leaflets similar to terminal, blade sometimes smaller; terminal leaflet blade oblong, lanceolate, oblanceolate, or linear, 2.5–6 cm, base cuneate, margins coarsely dentate to incised, laciniate, or 3-lobed (lobes usually toothed to incised, rarely entire, surfaces puberulent or not, trichomes 0.2–0.3 mm). Cauline leaves (2 or) 3, 3-foliolate (usually whorled or opposite, rarely alternate, similar in morphology to rhizomal leaves), petiolate, leaflets petiolulate or subsessile; petiole (1–) 1.5–6 (–7.5) cm, base not auriculate; lateral leaflets sessile, blade similar to terminal, sometimes smaller; terminal leaflet subsessile or petiolulate (to 3 cm), blade lanceolate, linear, or oblanceolate, (3–) 4–10 (–12) cm × (3–) 5–20 (–25) mm, margins usually coarsely dentate to incised, rarely subentire (margins minutely puberulent). Racemes ebracteate. Fruiting pedicels ascending to divaricate, (6–) 10–27 (–33) mm. Flowers: sepals oblong, (4–) 5–8 × 2–4 mm, lateral pair slightly saccate basally; petals white to pale-pink, oblanceolate, (8–) 10–20 × (3–) 4–7 (–9) mm, (short-clawed, apex rounded); filaments: median pairs 8–12 mm, lateral pair 6–8 mm; anthers oblong-linear, 1.5–2.5 mm. Fruits linear-lanceolate, (2–) 2.5–3.8 (–4.8) cm × 1.5–3 mm; (valves glabrous or sparsely pubescent); ovules 10–14 per ovary; style (2–) 5–9 (–12) mm. Seeds brown, oblong, 1.6–3 × 1.8–2 mm. 2n = 128–256.


Phenology: Flowering Feb–May.
Habitat: Wooded bottoms and bluffs, rich woods, limestone cliffs and outcrops, rocky banks, mesic forests, moist areas with leaf litter, floodplain woods
Elevation: 0-1000 m

Distribution

V7 718-distribution-map.gif

Ont., Que., Ala., Ark., Conn., Del., D.C., Fla., Ga., Ill., Ind., Iowa, Kans., Ky., La., Maine, Md., Mass., Mich., Minn., Miss., Mo., Nebr., N.H., N.J., N.Y., N.C., Ohio, Okla., Pa., S.C., Tenn., Tex., Vt., Va., W.Va., Wis.

Discussion

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

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... more about "Cardamine concatenata"
128 +  and 256 +
linear +, oblong +  and ovate +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br />) +
Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz +, Karol Marhold +  and Judita Lihová +
(Michaux) O. Schwarz +
not auriculate +  and cuneate +
Dentaria concatenata +
appendaged +  and unappendaged +
10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br /> (12 cm120 mm <br />0.12 m <br />) +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +
4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br /> (10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br />) +
compound +  and trifoliolate +
lobed +, 1-3-pinnatisect +, toothed +  and entire +
oblanceolate;linear;oblanceolate;linear;lanceolate +
smaller +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
urceolate +, campanulate +  and tubular +
branched +  and simple +
petiolate +  and 3-foliolate +
well-developed +
distinct +
differentiated +
emarginate +  and entire +
Ont. +, Que. +, Ala. +, Ark. +, Conn. +, Del. +, D.C. +, Fla. +, Ga. +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Iowa +, Kans. +, Ky. +, La. +, Maine +, Md. +, Mass. +, Mich. +, Minn. +, Miss. +, Mo. +, Nebr. +, N.H. +, N.J. +, N.Y. +, N.C. +, Ohio +, Okla. +, Pa. +, S.C. +, Tenn. +, Tex. +, Vt. +, Va. +, W.Va. +  and Wis. +
0-1000 m +
straight +  and curved +
not winged +  and unappendaged +
connate +  and distinct +
lateral +  and median +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
actinomorphic +
not basally +  and saccate +
lilac;purple;lilac;purple;pink;white +
ascending +, spreading +  and erect +
oblanceolate +, spatulate +, obovate +, oblong +  and ovate +
latiseptate +  and unsegmented +
3.8 cm38 mm <br />0.038 m <br /> (4.8 cm48 mm <br />0.048 m <br />) +
2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br /> (3.8 cm38 mm <br />0.038 m <br />) +
linear-lanceolate +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
latiseptate +  and sessile +
torulose +, lanceolate +, oblong +  and linear +
Wooded bottoms and bluffs, rich woods, limestone cliffs and outcrops, rocky banks, mesic forests, moist areas with leaf litter, floodplain woods +
semiannular +  and annular +
compound +, pinnately +, trifoliolate +  and simple +
alternate +, not +  and rosulate +
basal +  and cauline +
subsessile +, petiolulate +  and sessile +
2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br /> (6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br />) +
connate +  and distinct +
decurrent +
subentire;usually coarsely dentate;incised +
tenuinucellate +, crassinucellate +  and bitegmic +
campylotropous +  and anatropous +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br /> (0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br />) +
white +  and pale-pink +
10mm;20mm +
rudimentary +
oblanceolate +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br /> (7.5 cm75 mm <br />0.075 m <br />) +
1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br /> (6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br />) +
Flowering Feb–May. +
trinucleate +  and 3(-11)-colpate +
Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. +
2.7 cm27 mm <br />0.027 m <br /> (3.3 cm33 mm <br />0.033 m <br />) +
stout +  and slender +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (2.7 cm27 mm <br />0.027 m <br />) +
flattened +
20 cm200 mm <br />0.2 m <br /> (30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br />) +
10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br /> (20 cm200 mm <br />0.2 m <br />) +
moniliform +
not +  and mucilaginous +
winged +  and margined +
uniseriate +  and biseriate +
not +  and mucilaginous +
0.16 cm1.6 mm <br />0.0016 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
0.18 cm1.8 mm <br />0.0018 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
persistent +  and caducous +
distinct +
erect +  and spreading or ascending +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
reduced +
latiseptate +  and unsegmented +
angustiseptate +, 4-angled +  and terete +
latiseptate +  and unsegmented +
angustiseptate +, 4-angled +  and terete +
tetradynamous +
procumbent +  and decumbent +
prostrate +  and decumbent +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
2-lobed +, entire +, conical +  and capitate +
subsessile +, sessile +  and petiolate +
0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br /> (1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br />) +
persistent +
distinct +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br />) +
Cardamine laciniata var. integra +, Cardamine laciniata var. lasiocarpa +, Dentaria laciniata +, Dentaria laciniata var. alterna +, Dentaria laciniata var. coalescens +, Dentaria laciniata var. integra +, Dentaria laciniata var. latifolia +  and Dentaria laciniata var. opposita +
Cardamine concatenata +
Cardamine +
species +
petiolulate +  and subsessile +
scale-like +  and forked +
pubescent +, , +  and glabrous +
anastomosing +
glabrous +  and pubescent +
rhizomatous +, taprooted +, scapose +  and not +
perennial +, biennial +  and annual +
subshrub +  and herb +
aquatics +  and terrestrial +
glabrous +  and pubescent +