Carya glabra

(Miller) Sweet

Hort. Brit., 97. 1826.

Common names: Pignut hickory sweet pignut
Endemic
Basionym: Juglans glabra Miller Gard. Dict. ed. 8., Juglans no. 5. 1768
Synonyms: Carya glabra var. megacarpa Sargent Carya glabra var. odorata (Marshall) Little Carya leiodermis (Wangenheim) Sargent Carya magnifloridana Small Carya ovalis (Nuttall) Britton Carya ovalis var. hirsuta (Ashe) Sargent Carya ovalis var. obcordata (Muhlenberg & Willdenow) Sargent Carya ovalis var. obovalis Sargent Carya ovalis var. odorata (Marshall) Sargent Hicoria austrina Hicoria microcarpa
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3.

Trees, to 30 m. Bark light gray, smooth or fissured or exfoliating with small platelike scales or narrow strips. Twigs reddish-brown, slender, essentially glabrous or sparsely scaly. Terminal buds reddish-brown to tan, ovoid, 5-15 mm; outer scales sparsely scaly, hirsute to glabrous, inner scales finely pubescent, sparsely scaly, bud-scales imbricate; axillary buds protected by bracteoles fused into hood. Leaves 2-6 dm; petiole 3-14 cm, glabrous to moderately pubescent near rachis, moderately scaly, rachis glabrous or finely puberulent. Leaflets (3-) 5-7 (-9), lateral petiolules 0-2 mm, terminal petiolules 2-18 mm; blades ovate to elliptic or obovate, not falcate 4-21 × 2-10 cm, margins finely to coarsely serrate, apex acuminate to narrowly acuminate; surfaces abaxially glabrous to densely pubescent with unicellular and 2-4-rayed fasciculate hairs, large peltate scales and small irregular, round, and 4-lobed peltate scales in spring, usually becoming glabrous in fall, adaxially scaly in spring. Staminate catkins pedunculate, to 13 cm, stalks glabrous or densely pubescent, bracts hirsute at tips; anthers hirsute. Fruits tan to reddish-brown, obovoid, spheric or ellipsoid, not compressed to compressed, not angled, 2-4.5 × 2-3.5 cm; husks rough, 2-5 mm thick, partially dehiscent or dehiscing to base, sutures smooth or slightly winged; nuts tan, obovoid to ellipsoid, not compressed to compressed, not angled, rugulose; shells thick. Seeds sweet.


Phenology: Flowering spring.
Habitat: Edge of bayous, deep flood plains, well-drained sandy soils, rolling hills and slopes, dry rocky soils, or thin soils on edge of granite outcrops
Elevation: 0-800 m

Distribution

V3 1143-distribution-map.gif

Ont., Ala., Ark., Conn., Del., D.C., Fla., Ga., Ill., Ind., Iowa, Kans., Ky., La., Md., Mass., Mich., Miss., Mo., N.H., N.J., N.Y., N.C., Ohio, Okla., Pa., R.I., S.C., Tenn., Tex., Vt., Va., W.Va.

Discussion

Carya glabra is a highly polymorphic species. Tight-barked trees bearing large pear-shaped fruits are common along the Gulf Coast (C. glabra var. megacarpa and C. leiodermis, C. magnifloridana). Trees with exfoliating bark, reddish petioles, and small, compressed, ellipsoid fruits that dehisce to the base (i.e., C. ovalis) are more common at higher latitudes. Carya glabra intergrades with C. floridana, C. pallida, and C. texana, and it is reported to hybridize with the diploid C. cordiformis (C. ×demareei Palmer). The extreme northern ovalis form of the species also appears to hybridize with the typical glabra in areas of sympatry.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"dm" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property."broad" is not a number.

... more about "Carya glabra"
acuminate;narrowly acuminate +
Donald E. Stone +
(Miller) Sweet +
light gray +
exfoliating +, fissured +  and smooth +
Juglans glabra +
4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br /> (21 cm210 mm <br />0.21 m <br />) +
not falcate;ovate;elliptic or obovate +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br />) +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
4-lobed +  and 2-6-lobed +
pedunculate +  and staminate +
elongate +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (13 cm130 mm <br />0.13 m <br />) +
Pignut hickory +  and sweet pignut +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (14 cm140 mm <br />0.14 m <br />) +
Ont. +, Ala. +, Ark. +, Conn. +, Del. +, D.C. +, Fla. +, Ga. +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Iowa +, Kans. +, Ky. +, La. +, Md. +, Mass. +, Mich. +, Miss. +, Mo. +, N.H. +, N.J. +, N.Y. +, N.C. +, Ohio +, Okla. +, Pa. +, R.I. +, S.C. +, Tenn. +, Tex. +, Vt. +, Va. +  and W.Va. +
0-800 m +
tan;reddish-brown +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (4.5 cm45 mm <br />0.045 m <br />) +
not angled +, ellipsoid not compressed +  and compressed +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (3.5 cm35 mm <br />0.035 m <br />) +
not compressed +  and compressed +
Edge of bayous, deep flood plains, well-drained sandy soils, rolling hills and slopes, dry rocky soils, or thin soils on edge of granite outcrops +
unicellular +
dehiscing +  and dehiscent +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
indehiscent +  and dehiscent +
hard +  and fibrous-fleshy +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
3-lobed +  and shield--shaped +
odd-pinnate +
aromatic +
rugulose +
not angled +, obovoid +  and ellipsoid not compressed +
large +
hirsute +  and glabrous +
2-carpellate +
glabrous;moderately pubescent +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (14 cm140 mm <br />0.14 m <br />) +
Flowering spring. +
homogeneous +
Hort. Brit., +
puberulent +  and glabrous +
4-lobed +, round +  and plate-like +
small +  and large +
W1 +  and Endemic +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
abaxially glabrous;densely pubescent +
winged +  and smooth +
Carya glabra var. megacarpa +, Carya glabra var. odorata +, Carya leiodermis +, Carya magnifloridana +, Carya ovalis +, Carya ovalis var. hirsuta +, Carya ovalis var. obcordata +, Carya ovalis var. obovalis +, Carya ovalis var. odorata +, Hicoria austrina +  and Hicoria microcarpa +
Carya glabra +
species +
reddish-brown;tan +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (1.8 cm18 mm <br />0.018 m <br />) +
reddish-brown +
scaly +  and glabrous +
slender +