Castilleja citrina

Pennell

Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 73: 532. 1922.

Common names: Lemon paintbrush
Endemic
Synonyms: Castilleja purpurea var. citrina (Pennell) Shinners
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 17. Treatment on page 597. Mentioned on page 575, 598, 623, 649.

Herbs, perennial, 1.5–3.5 dm; from a slender, woody caudex; with a taproot or stout, branched roots. Stems few-to-many, erect to ascending, unbranched or branched, hairs appressed to ± ascending, matted, long, soft, mixed with short-glandular ones, denser distally, sometimes obscuring surface. Leaves green, sometimes brown, linear to linear-lanceolate, 3–7 cm, not fleshy, margins plane, involute, 3–7-lobed, apex acute to rounded; lateral lobes spreading, narrowly linear, apex acuminate. Inflorescences (3.5–) 8–20 × 2–5.5 cm; bracts proximally greenish, distally bright-yellow, sometimes pale-yellow to pale orange, sometimes aging white to pink, narrowly to broadly lanceolate or oblong, 3–5 (–7) -lobed; lobes spreading to ascending, linear, long, arising at or below mid length, apex obtuse to rounded. Calyces green, pale green, or whitish, lobes colored as bracts, 12–18 mm; abaxial and adaxial clefts 8–15 mm, 60–75% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 2.5–3 mm, 20% of calyx length; lobes linear to very narrowly triangular (equilaterally triangular if very short), apex obtuse to rounded. Corollas straight but curved at tip, 30–41 mm; tube 21–26 mm; beak slightly to long-exserted, adaxially green to yellowish, sometimes aging pinkish, 10–15 mm; abaxial lip white or yellow, sometimes partly green, darkening with age, only slightly inflated, exserted from abaxial cleft, 3–7 mm, ca. 50% as long as beak; teeth prominent, petaloid, spreading, yellow, 2.5–6 mm. 2n = 24.


Phenology: Flowering (Mar–)Apr–May.
Habitat: Calcareous prairies, sandy fields, gravelly limestone hillsides, limestone outcrops, mesquite, juniper, oak-juniper, and post oak woodlands, roadsides.
Elevation: 300–800 m.

Discussion

Although the range of Castilleja citrina overlaps the range of its close relatives, C. lindheimeri and C. purpurea, in central Texas, C. citrina extends considerably farther to the west and northwest of the others (G. L. Nesom and J. M. Egger 2014). The inflorescences of C. citrina are mostly pale to bright lemon yellow or occasionally brassy yellow. The color and usually more elongate abaxial corolla lip separate it from C. lindheimeri and C. purpurea. Castilleja citrina is similar to some color forms of C. sessiliflora, but the more conspicuously curved corolla of C. sessiliflora is usually exserted far above the calyx and is often white to pale pink, rather than yellow.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.
... more about "Castilleja citrina"
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
darkening +, green +, yellow +  and white +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
obtuse +  and rounded +
J. Mark Egger +, Peter F. Zika +, Barbara L. Wilson +, Richard E. Brainerd +  and Nick Otting +
Pennell +
long-exserted +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
not +, leathery +  and fleshy +
3-5(-7)-lobed +, oblong +  and lanceolate +
whitish +, pale green +  and green +
2-lobed +, lobed +  and tubular +
taprooted;fibrous-rooted or rhizomatous +
fleshy +  and woody +
Lemon paintbrush +
purple +, pink +, red +, orange +, yellow +, white +, green +  and pale greenish +
curved +  and straight +
divided +  and tubular +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (4.1 cm41 mm <br />0.041 m <br />) +
Kans. +, Okla. +  and Tex. +
300–800 m. +
spreading-hairy +  and glabrous +
2 +  and 1 +
indehiscent +, septicidal +, loculicidal +  and dehiscence +
Calcareous prairies, sandy fields, gravelly limestone hillsides, limestone outcrops, mesquite, juniper, oak-juniper, and post oak woodlands, roadsides. +
much-branched +, unbranched +  and eglandular +
appressed +  and more or less ascending +
stipitate-glandular +
3.5 cm35 mm <br />0.035 m <br /> (8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br />) +
8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br /> (20 cm200 mm <br />0.2 m <br />) +
axillary +  and terminal +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (5.5 cm55 mm <br />0.055 m <br />) +
spiral +, whorled +, alternate +  and opposite +
brown +  and green +
deciduous +
basal +  and cauline +
linear;linear-lanceolate +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br />) +
not fleshy +
arising +, spreading +  and ascending +
3 (?) +, 2 (?) +  and 4 (?) +
triangular +  and linear to very +
subequal +
3-7-lobed +  and plane +
obtuse;rounded +
tenuinucellate +  and unitegmic +
campylotropous-like +
Flowering (Mar–)Apr–May. +
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia +
stramineous +
20 +  and 100 +
trapezoidal +, oblong-ovoid +, pyramidal +  and ovoid +
non-secund +  and secund +
elongate +
subequal +
branched +  and unbranched +
sprawling +  and prostrate +
aerial +  and subterranean +
erect +  and ascending +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
not fleshy +
2-lobed +  and entire +
Castilleja purpurea var. citrina +
Castilleja citrina +
Castilleja +
species +
shallow;deep +
reduced +
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
2.1 cm21 mm <br />0.021 m <br /> (2.6 cm26 mm <br />0.026 m <br />) +