Caulanthus coulteri

S. Watson

Botany (Fortieth Parallel), 27. 1871.

Endemic
Synonyms: Streptanthus coulteri (S. Watson) Greene
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 7. Treatment on page 680. Mentioned on page 677, 678, 681, 684.

Annuals; usually hispid, rarely glabrous distally, (trichomes simple, stalked, or 2-rayed forked). Stems erect, usually branched distally, 1–16 (–25) dm, sparsely hispid basally. Basal leaves rosulate; petiole 0.3–5 cm; blade narrowly oblong to oblanceolate, 0.7–12 cm × 4–25 mm, margins pinnatifid to coarsely dentate-sinuate, (surfaces pubescent, trichomes simple and 2-rayed forked). Cauline leaves (median) sessile; blade lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, 1–18 (–26) cm × 3–35 (–45) mm (smaller distally, base amplexicaul), margins dentate or entire, (surfaces glabrous). Racemes (densely flowered), with a terminal cluster of sterile flowers. Fruiting pedicels reflexed or, rarely, spreading, 3–16 mm, usually pubescent, rarely glabrous. Flowers: sepals erect to ascending, (dark purple in bud becoming yellowish green with purplish or brown margins), ovate to narrowly lanceolate, 5–15 (–19) × 2–4.5 mm (subequal, keeled, glabrous or pubescent, trichomes simple and forked); petals white or purplish (with dark purple veins), 8–25 (–30) mm, blade 4–10 × 1.5–4 mm, crisped, claw oblanceolate, 4–12 × 2–2.5 mm; filaments in 3 unequal pairs, abaxial pair 3.5–8.5 mm, lateral pair 1.5–7 mm, adaxial pair (connate), 5.5–11 mm; anthers oblong to linear-oblong, unequal, 1–5 mm, (adaxial pair smaller). Fruits usually reflexed, rarely divaricate (often straight), terete or slightly latiseptate, 3.5–15 cm × 2.2–3.5 mm; valves each with prominent midvein basally; ovules 70–96 per ovary; style 0–4 mm; stigma strongly 2-lobed (lobes 0.5–1.5 mm, opposite valves). Seeds 1.5–3.5 × 1.5–2.2 mm, (cotyledons deeply 3-fid). 2n = 28.


Phenology: Flowering Mar–Jun(-Jul).
Habitat: Grasslands, scrub, woodlands, chaparral
Elevation: 100-2100 m

Discussion

Caulanthus coulteri is highly variable in almost every morphological character. For a discussion of its limits, see 14. Caulanthus lemmonii. It is known from central and southern California.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"elongated" is not a number."thick" is not a number."dm" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property."dm" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.

... more about "Caulanthus coulteri"
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
0.55 cm5.5 mm <br />0.0055 m <br /> (1.1 cm11 mm <br />0.011 m <br />) +
oblong +  and linear-oblong +
unequal +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz +
S. Watson +
appendaged +  and unappendaged +
18 cm180 mm <br />0.18 m <br /> (26 cm260 mm <br />0.26 m <br />) +
3.5 cm35 mm <br />0.035 m <br /> (4.5 cm45 mm <br />0.045 m <br />) +
not +  and auriculate +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
pinnatifid +, lobed +, sinuate +  and dentate +
crisped;lanceolate;linear-lanceolate +
much smaller +  and reduced +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
urceolate +, campanulate +  and tubular +
branched +  and simple +
well-developed +
distinct +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br />) +
oblanceolate +
well-differentiated +
2mm;2.5mm +
emarginate +  and entire +
incumbent +  and accumbent +
obliquely +  and incumbent +
100-2100 m +
straight +  and curved +
not winged +  and unappendaged +
connate +  and distinct +
zygomorphic +  and actinomorphic +
3.5 cm35 mm <br />0.035 m <br /> (15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br />) +
0.22 cm2.2 mm <br />0.0022 m <br /> (0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br />) +
Grasslands, scrub, woodlands, chaparral +
sessile +, subsessile +  and petiolate +
alternate +, not +  and rosulate +
cauline +  and basal +
connate +  and distinct +
decurrent +
entire +  and dentate +
pinnatifid;coarsely dentate-sinuate +
tenuinucellate +, crassinucellate +  and bitegmic +
campylotropous +  and anatropous +
unequal +
2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br /> (3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br />) +
purplish +  and white +
rudimentary +
crisped +, channeled +, linear +  and oblanceolate +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br />) +
Flowering Mar–Jun(-Jul). +
trinucleate +  and 3(-11)-colpate +
Botany (Fortieth Parallel), +
spreading +  and reflexed +
glabrous +  and pubescent +
stout +  and slender +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (1.6 cm16 mm <br />0.016 m <br />) +
mucilaginous +
margined +  and winged +
aseriate +, uniseriate +  and biseriate +
not +  and mucilaginous +
white +, black +, brown +  and yellow +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br />) +
subglobose +, ovoid +, oblong +  and flattened +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.22 cm2.2 mm <br />0.0022 m <br />) +
not basally +  and saccate +
1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br /> (1.9 cm19 mm <br />0.019 m <br />) +
persistent +  and caducous +
distinct +
erect +  and ascending +
ovate +  and narrowly lanceolate +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.45 cm4.5 mm <br />0.0045 m <br />) +
reduced +
latiseptate +, schizocarpic +, samaroid +  and lomentaceous +
indehiscent +  and dehiscent +
angustiseptate +, flat +, angled +, terete +, torulose +, not +, segmented +  and nutletlike +
tetradynamous +
unequal +
procumbent +  and decumbent +
not +  and capitate +
subsessile +, sessile +  and petiolate +
persistent +
distinct +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
Streptanthus coulteri +
Caulanthus coulteri +
Caulanthus +
species +
coiled +, 1-7-veined +  and veined +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
anastomosing +
glabrous +  and hispid +
perennial +, biennial +  and annual +
subshrub +  and shrub +
aquatics +  and terrestrial +
glabrous +  and pubescent +