Centaurea stoebe

Linnaeus

Sp. Pl. 2: 914. 1753.

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 19. Treatment on page 189. Mentioned on page 182, 183, 194.

Distribution

V19-216-distribution-map.gif

Alta., B.C., N.B., N.S., Ont., Que., Ala., Ariz., Ark., Calif., Colo., Conn., Del., Fla., Ga., Idaho, Ill., Ind., Iowa, Kans., Ky., La., Maine, Mass., Md., Mich., Minn., Mo., Mont., N.C., N.Dak., N.H., N.J., N.Mex., N.Y., Nebr., Nev., Ohio, Oreg., Pa., R.I., S.C., S.Dak., Tenn., Utah, Va., Vt., W.Va., Wash., Wis., Wyo., Europe

Discussion

Subspecies 3 (1 in the flora).

Native to southeastern Europe, Centaurea stoebe has been introduced to the whole of Europe, as far north as southern Sweden.

The nomenclature of Centaurea stoebe in the broad sense has been a source of confusion in European literature for about 200 years. The names used in that group (C. stoebe, C. rhenana, C. maculosa, C. biebersteinii) have been applied to different taxa by different authors with varying circumscriptions. Different species concepts were used in western and eastern Europe. Unfortunately this fact was not taken into account properly in the treatment by J. Dostál (1976).

Recent studies have shown that the American plants are identical with plants introduced to the whole of Europe (J. Ochsmann 2001). Subsp. micranthos, a tetraploid perennial, is clearly distinct from the diploid, biennial plants native to central Europe known as C. stoebe Linnaeus subsp. stoebe, C. rhenana Boreau, or C. maculosa Lamarck. In most American literature the name Centaurea maculosa Lamarck has been misapplied to C. stoebe subsp. micranthos. W. A. Weber (1987, 1990) treated this taxon as Acosta maculosa (Lamarck) Holub. The treatment of about 100 species of Centaurea sect. Acrolophus Cassini as the genus Acosta by J. Holub (1972) and others is supported by neither morphologic nor molecular characters and is not widely accepted in Europe.

"fine" is not a number."fine" is not a number.

... more about "Centaurea stoebe"
with fine , 1-celled hairs +  and glabrous +
rounded;acute +
scarious +
erect;spreading +
less dentate or fringed linear +  and ovate +
indeterminate +  and determinate +
David J. Keil +  and Jörg Ochsmann +
Linnaeus +
decurrent +
Asteraceae tribe Cynareae +
compound +  and simple +
10-nerved or 20-nerved +  and rugose +
barbed +  and smooth +
actinomorphic +
radial +  and bilateral +
white +  and blue pink purple or yellow +
inconspicuous +
expanded +  and slender +
compressed +  and barrel--shaped +
fertile +  and bisexual +
Alta. +, B.C. +, N.B. +, N.S. +, Ont. +, Que. +, Ala. +, Ariz. +, Ark. +, Calif. +, Colo. +, Conn. +, Del. +, Fla. +, Ga. +, Idaho +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Iowa +, Kans. +, Ky. +, La. +, Maine +, Mass. +, Md. +, Mich. +, Minn. +, Mo. +, Mont. +, N.C. +, N.Dak. +, N.H. +, N.J. +, N.Mex. +, N.Y. +, Nebr. +, Nev. +, Ohio +, Oreg. +, Pa. +, R.I. +, S.C. +, S.Dak. +, Tenn. +, Utah +, Va. +, Vt. +, W.Va. +, Wash. +, Wis. +, Wyo. +  and Europe +
glandular-punctate +
puberulent +, strigose +, villous +, tomentose +  and glabrous +
pistillate +, staminate +  and neuter +
winged +  and beaked +
dispersed +
disciform +  and discoid +
in corymbiform arrays +, singly +  and radiant +
indeterminate +
each +  and sessile +
ovoid;hemispheric +
sessile +  and petiolate +
cauline +  and basal +
acute +  and linear-oblong +
entire +  and dentate +
usually lobed +  and dissected +
2-carpellate +
persistent +
papillate +  and smooth +
distinct +  and fused +
flat;convex +
ochsmann2001a +
exalbuminous +
branched +  and simple +
spreading +, ascending +  and erect +
appendaged +  and truncate +
dilated +  and swollen +
enlarged +
Acosta +, Cnicus +, Grossheimia +, Jacea +  and Leucacantha +
Centaurea stoebe +
Centaurea +
species +
perennial +, biennial +  and annual +
tomentose +  and glabrous +
20 cm200 mm <br />0.2 m <br /> (300 cm3,000 mm <br />3 m <br />) +
tree +, vine +, shrub +  and subshrub +
15 +, 13 +, 12 +, 11 +, 10 +, 9 +  and 8 +