Centromadia pungens subsp. pungens

Common names: Common spikeweed
Illustrated
Synonyms: Centromadia maritima Greene Centromadia pungens subsp. maritima (D. D. Keck) B. G. Baldwin Centromadia pungens subsp. septentrionalis (Greene) D. D. Keck Hemizonia pungens subsp. maritima D. D. Keck Hemizonia pungens subsp. septentrionalis Hemizonia pungens var. septentrionalis (D. D. Keck) Cronquist
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 277.

Leaves: margins sometimes ciliate, faces glabrous, scabrous, or hirsute, midribs sometimes bristly. Paleae often exserted, apices ± attenuate, spine-tipped. 2n = 18, 20.


Phenology: Flowering Apr–Nov.
Habitat: Open, ± alkaline flats, depressions, waterway banks and beds, in grasslands, saltbush scrub, disturbed sites (e.g., fallow fields)
Elevation: 0–1200(–1800) m

Distribution

V21-677-distribution-map.gif

Ariz., Calif., Idaho, Nev., N.Y., Oreg., Wash., Mexico (Baja California)

Discussion

Subspecies pungens is circumscribed broadly to include subsp. maritima and subsp. septentrionalis based on morphologic and molecular data (B. G. Baldwin, unpubl.). As treated here, Centromadia pungens subsp. pungens occurs widely in central and northern California, and it is putatively introduced in southwestern California and outside the state.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.
not tailed +, rounded +  and obtuse +
yellow +  and brownish +
pale +  and dark +
connate +  and distinct +
attenuate +
subequal +
scarious +
usually ovate +  and lanceolate +
usually deltate +  and lanceolate +
umbelliform +, spiciform +, paniculiform +, glomerulate +  and corymbiform +
indeterminate +  and determinate +
Bruce G. Baldwin +  and John L. Strother +
(Hooker & Arnott) Greene +
decurrent +
Hartmannia pungens +
compound +  and simple +
linear to linear-elliptic +
oblanceolate +
winged;ribbed;winged;ribbed +
tuberculate +  and rugose +
barbellulate +  and barbellate +
Common spikeweed +
hairy +  and glabrous +
fusiform +, clavate +, obpyramidal +, terete +, compressed +  and obcompressed +
fertile +  and bisexual +
fertile +  and bisexual +
Ariz. +, Calif. +, Idaho +, Nev. +, N.Y. +, Oreg. +, Wash. +  and Mexico (Baja California) +
0–1200(–1800) m +
hirsute +, scabrous +  and glabrous +
pistillate +, staminate +  and neuter +
winged +  and beaked +
dispersed +
umbelliform +  and spiciform-paniculiform +
Open, ± alkaline flats, depressions, waterway banks and beds, in grasslands, saltbush scrub, disturbed sites (e.g., fallow fields) +
indeterminate +
homogamous +  and heterogamous +
each +  and sessile +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
urceolate;obconic +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
petiolate +  and sessile +
alternate +  and opposite +
hirsute +, scabrous +  and glabrous +
deltate +
dentate to pinnatifid or palmatifid +  and entire +
2-carpellate +
persistent +
of 3 +  and 12 linear , oblanceolate or subulate , scales +
Flowering Apr–Nov. +
5 +  and 75 +
1-2-pinnatifid +
alternate +  and opposite +
Man. Bot. San Francisco, +
flat;convex +
3 +  and 12 +
subulate +, oblanceolate +  and linear +
exalbuminous +
Illustrated +
less erect +  and prostrate +
appendaged +  and truncate +
hirsutulous +  and glabrous +
papillate +
Centromadia maritima +, Centromadia pungens subsp. maritima +, Centromadia pungens subsp. septentrionalis +, Hemizonia pungens subsp. maritima +, Hemizonia pungens subsp. septentrionalis +  and Hemizonia pungens var. septentrionalis +
Centromadia pungens subsp. pungens +
Centromadia pungens +
subspecies +
cylindric +
entire +  and toothed +
10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br /> (120 cm1,200 mm <br />1.2 m <br />) +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +