Cortaderia

Stapf
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 25. Treatment on page 298.
 TaxonIllustrator 
FNA25 P115 Cortaderia pg 300.jpegCortaderia jubata
Cortaderia selloana
Cindy Roché
Linda A. Vorobik
Cindy Roché
Linda A. Vorobik

Plants perennial; often dioecious or monoecious; cespitose. Culms 2-7 m, erect, densely clumped. Leaves primarily basal; sheaths open, often overlapping, glabrous or hairy; auricles absent; ligules of hairs; blades to 2 m, flat to folded, arching, edges usually sharply serrate. Inflorescences terminal, plumose panicles, 30-130 cm, subtended by a long, ciliate bract; branches stiff to flexible. Spikelets somewhat laterally compressed, usually unisexual, sometimes bisexual, with 2-9 unisexual florets; disarticulation above the glumes and below the florets. Glumes unequal, nearly as long as the spikelets, hyaline, 1-veined; calluses pilose; lemmas 3-5 (7) -veined, long-acuminate, bifid and awned or entire and mucronate; lemmas of pistillate and bisexual florets usually long-sericeous; lemmas of staminate florets less hairy or glabrous; lodicules 2, cuneate and irregularly lobed, ciliate; paleas about 1/2 as long as the lemmas, 2-veined; anthers of bisexual florets 3, 1.5-6 mm, those of the pistillate florets smaller or absent. Caryopses 1.5-3 mm; hila linear, about 1/2 as long as the caryopses; embryos usually shorter than 1 mm. x = 9.

Distribution

Va., N.J., Wash., Tex., La., Utah, Calif., Ala., Tenn., Pacific Islands (Hawaii), Ga., S.C., Oreg.

Discussion

Cortaderia, a genus of about 25 species, is native to South America and New Zealand, with the majority of species being South American. Recent evidence suggests that the species in the two regions represent different lineages, each of which merits generic recognition. The species treated here would remain in Cortaderia if this change were made.

Both of the species that are found in North America were originally introduced as ornamental species; both are now considered aggressive weeds in parts of the Flora region.

Key

1 Sheaths hairy; panicles elevated well above the foliage; culms 4-5 times as long as the panicles Cortaderia jubata
1 Sheaths glabrous or sparsely hairy; panicles elevated only slightly, if at all, above the foliage; culms 2-4 times as long as the panicles Cortaderia selloana

"decumbent" is not a number.

... more about "Cortaderia"
Kelly W. Allred +
1 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
geniculate +
keeled +  and rounded +
pseudopetiolate +  and branching +
intravaginal +, extravaginal +, branching +  and basal +
swelling +
not pseudopetiolate +
flat +  and folded +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (200 cm2,000 mm <br />2 m <br />) +
stiff +  and flexible +
spikelike +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
hollow +  and solid +
perennial +  and annual +
200 cm2,000 mm <br />2 m <br /> (700 cm7,000 mm <br />7 m <br />) +
woody +  and herbaceous +
Va. +, N.J. +, Wash. +, Tex. +, La. +, Utah +, Calif. +, Ala. +, Tenn. +, Pacific Islands (Hawaii) +, Ga. +, S.C. +  and Oreg. +
small +  and large +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (?) +
capillary +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
pistillate +  and staminate +
glabrous +, hairy +  and long-sericeous +
sometimes longer +
3 +, 2 +  and 9 +
bisexual +  and unisexual +
compressed +
subtending +
unequal +
non-uncinate +
spicate +  and ebracteate +
racemose +  and paniculate +
solid +  and hollow +
3-5(7)-veined +
entire +, awned +  and bifid +
with non-uncinate hairs +  and glabrous +
mucronate +  and long-acuminate +
firmly membranous +  and coriaceous +
setaceous +
inconspicuous +
ciliate +  and glabrous +
lobed +  and cuneate +
extended +
concealed +  and prominent +
2 +  and 1 +
well-developed +
30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br /> (130 cm1,300 mm <br />1.3 m <br />) +
dry +  and fleshy +
barker2000b +, connor1974a +, costas-lippmann1977a +, hitchcock1951d +, linder2000b +  and walsh1994a +
hairy +  and glabrous +
bisexual +  and unisexual +
compressed +
1 +  and 3 +
2 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
Gramineae +
Cortaderia +
Poaceae tribe Danthonieae +
membranous +
stoloniferous +  and rhizomatous +
plant +  and cespitose +
aquatic +  and terrestrial +
monoecious +  and dioecious +