familyAsteraceae
tribeAsteraceae tribe Heliantheae
subtribeAsteraceae (tribe Heliantheae) subtribe Coreopsidinae
genusCosmos
speciesCosmos caudatus

Cosmos caudatus

Kunth in A. von Humboldt et al.

in A. von Humboldt et al., Nov. Gen. Sp. 4(fol.): 188. 1818.

,

4(qto.): 240. 1820.

Robert W. Kiger
Introduced
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 204. Mentioned on page 203, 205.

Plants 30–250 cm, glabrous or sparsely hispid. Leaves: petioles 1–7 cm; blades 10–20 cm, ultimate lobes 2–10 mm wide, margins spinulose-ciliate, apices acute, often mucronulate. Peduncles 10–30 cm. Calyculi of usually spreading, linear-subulate bractlets 6–10 mm, apices acuminate. Involucres 5–15 mm diam. Phyllaries erect, oblong-lanceolate, 7–11 mm, apices acute to obtuse. Ray corollas rose-pink to purple, laminae oblong-oblanceolate, 5–15 mm, apices obtusely 3-lobed. Disc corollas 5–6 mm. Cypselae 12–35 mm, glabrous or scabridulous proximally, setose distally; pappi of 2–3 widely divergent to reflexed awns 3–5 mm. 2n = 48.


Phenology: Flowering summer–fall.
Habitat: Disturbed sites
Elevation: 0–10 m

Distribution

V21-502-distribution-map.gif

Introduced; Fla., Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America, also in Asia, Pacific Islands

Discussion

Within the flora area, Cosmos caudatus is found only in the Florida Keys.

Selected References

Melchert, T. E. 1990. Cosmos caudatus (Asteraceae: Coreopsideae) in Mexico: A cytotaxonomic reappraisal. Phytologia 69: 200–215.

Lower Taxa

None.

"broader" is not a number.

... more about "Cosmos caudatus"
RDF feed
2n chromosome quantity
48 +
Anther base shape
not tailed +, rounded +  and obtuse +
Anther dehiscence
introrse +
Anther fusion
connate +
Anther theca coloration
dark +  and pale +
Apex fusion
connate +  and distinct +
Apex growth form or texture
herbaceous +
Apex shape
3-lobed;acute;obtuse +
Apex size
subequal +
Apex texture
scarious +
Apical appendage presence
absent +
Apical appendage shape
usually ovate +  and lanceolate +
Appendage pubescence
hirsute +
Appendage relief
papillate +
Appendage shape
usually deltate +  and lanceolate +
Array architecture
corymbiform +
Array development
indeterminate +  and determinate +
Author
Robert W. Kiger +
Authority
Kunth in A. von Humboldt et al. +
Awn architecture
smooth +  and ciliate or barbed +
Awn architecture or shape
barbed +
Awn arrangement
divergent +
Awn atypical quantity
4 (8) +
Awn orientation
reflexed +
Awn presence
absent +
Awn quantity
2 +  and 3 +
Awn some measurement
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
Band architecture
continuous +
Band quantity
1 +
Base shape
decurrent +
Blade architecture
compound +  and simple +
Blade shape
lobed +
Blade some measurement
10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br /> (20 cm200 mm <br />0.2 m <br />) +
Body architecture
winged;ribbed;winged;ribbed +
Body architecture or pubescence or relief
smooth +
Body relief
tuberculate +  and rugose +
Bract atypical quantity
8 (21) +
Bract quantity
3;8 +
Bractlet atypical quantity
5 (8) +
Bractlet fusion
connate +
Bractlet growth form or texture
herbaceous +
Bractlet orientation
spreading +
Bractlet quantity
8 +
Bractlet shape
linear-subulate +
Bractlet some measurement
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
Branch arrangement or course or shape
linear +
Branch structure in adjective form
stigmatic +
Bristle architecture
barbellulate +  and barbellate +
Bristle shape
Plumose (?) +
Calyculus presence
absent +
Calyculus quantity
Of 1 (15+ bractlets) +
Corolla architecture
zygomorphic +
Corolla coloration
yellow +, white +  and pink or purple or yellow +
Cypsela architecture
not winged +
Cypsela architecture or shape
attenuate-beaked +
Cypsela course or shape
arcuate +
Cypsela growth form
dimorphic +
Cypsela pubescence
setose +  and glabrous +
Cypsela relief
scabridulous +
Cypsela shape
fusiform +  and quadrangular-cylindric +
Cypsela size
slender +
Cypsela some measurement
12mm;35mm +
Disc-floret atypical quantity
20 (80) +
Disc-floret quantity
10 (20) +
Disc-floret reproduction
fertile +  and bisexual +
Disc corolla some measurement
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
Disc floret architecture
staminate +
Disc floret reproduction
fertile +  and bisexual +
Distribution
Fla. +, Mexico +, West Indies +, Central America +, South America +, also in Asia +  and Pacific Islands +
Elevation
0–10 m +
Embryo course
straight +
Face architecture or shape
beaked +
Face pubescence
setose +, hispid +, glabrous +, puberulent +  and glabrate +
Face relief
papillate +  and scabridulous +
Face shape
linear-fusiform;4-angled;ovate;orbiculate;oblong;linear;cuneate +
Filament fusion
distinct +
Floret architecture
pistillate +, staminate +  and neuter +
Floret atypical quantity
5;15 +
Floret position
proximal +
Floret quantity
1;5 +
Floret reproduction
bisexual +
Fruit architecture
winged +  and beaked +
Fruit condition or texture
dry +
Fruit density
dispersed +
Glomerule arrangement
singly +
Groove quantity
1 +
Habitat
Disturbed sites +
Head architecture
discoid +  and radiate +
Head architecture or arrangement
radiate +
Head arrangement
in corymbiform arrays +  and singly +
Head development
indeterminate +
Head reproduction
homogamous +  and heterogamous +
Illustration copyright
Flora of North America Association +
Illustrator
John Myers +
Individual head architecture
each +  and sessile +
Introduced
true +
Involucre diameter
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
Involucre position relational
surrounding +
Involucre shape
subhemispheric;hemispheric +
Lamina shape
oblong-oblanceolate +
Lamina some measurement
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
Leaf architecture
sessile +  and petiolate +
Leaf arrangement
opposite +
Leaf position
cauline +
Line quantity
2 +
Lobe atypical quantity
3 (5) +
Lobe quantity
5 (?) +
Lobe shape
deltate +
Margin architecture or pubescence or shape
spinulose-ciliate +
Margin architecture or shape
dentate to pinnatifid or palmatifid +  and entire +
Margin texture
scarious +
Number of lower taxa
0 +
Ovary architecture
2-carpellate +
Ovary architecture or structure in adjective form
1-locular +
Ovary position
inferior +
Ovule fixation
attached +
Ovule orientation
anatropous +
Ovule quantity
1 +
Palea life cycle
falling +
Palea shape
concave-convex;flat;linear +
Palea texture
scarious +
Pappus duration
persistent +
Pappus life cycle
falling +
Pappus presence
absent +
Pappus shape
of 1-2 , smooth to ciliate or barbed awns or scales +  and coroniform +
Peduncle some measurement
10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br /> (30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br />) +
Pericarp fragility
tough +
Pericarp width
thick +
Peripheral floret presence
absent +
Peripheral floret quantity
In 1 (3+ series) +
Petal fusion
connate +
Petiole some measurement
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br />) +
Phenology
Flowering summer–fall. +
Phyllary atypical quantity
5 (8) +
Phyllary duration
persistent +
Phyllary fusion
distinct +
Phyllary life cycle
falling +
Phyllary orientation
erect +
Phyllary quantity
8 +
Phyllary shape
Oblong-lanceolate (?) +
Phyllary size
unequal +
Phyllary some measurement
0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br /> (1.1 cm11 mm <br />0.011 m <br />) +
Phyllary texture
Herbaceous (Membranous) +
Phyllary variability
equal +
Publication title
in A. von Humboldt et al., Nov. Gen. Sp. +
Publication year
1818 +  and 1820 +
Ray-floret architecture
neuter +
Ray-floret presence
absent +
Ray-floret quantity
8 (?) +
Ray-floret reproduction
sterile +  and fertile +
Ray corolla coloration
rose-pink +  and purple +
Receptacle architecture
paleate +
Receptacle prominence or shape
flat +
Receptacle pubescence
bearing subulate enations +, hairy +  and bristly +
Receptacle shape
mostly flat;convex +
Reference
melchert1990a +
Root texture
fibrous +
Seed architecture
exalbuminous +
Seed quantity
1 +
Sepal variability
modifed +
Series atypical quantity
1 (2) +
Series quantity
2 +
Source xml
https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V19-20-21/V21 502.xml +
Special status
Introduced +
Stamen arrangement
alternate +
Stamen atypical quantity
4 (5) +
Stamen quantity
5 +
Stem architecture
branched +
Stem orientation
ascending +  and erect +
Stem quantity
1 +
Style-branch architecture
appendaged +  and truncate +
Style architecture
2-branched +
Style pubescence
hirsutulous +  and glabrous +
Style quantity
1 +
Style relief
papillate +
Synonyms
Undefined (tribe Undefined) subtribe Coreopsideae +  and Undefined (tribe Undefined) subtribe Petrobiinae +
Taxon family
Asteraceae +
Taxon name
Cosmos caudatus +
Taxon parent
Cosmos +
Taxon rank
species +
Tube height or length or size
shorter +
Tube variability
equaling +
Ultimate lobe width
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
Ultimate margin architecture or shape
entire +
Ultimate margin shape
toothed +  and entire +
Volume
Volume 21 +
Whole-organism duration
annual +
Whole-organism some measurement
30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br /> (250 cm2,500 mm <br />2.5 m <br />) +
Whole organism growth form
plant +
Whole organism pubescence
hispid +  and glabrous +
Whole organism some measurement
30cm (250cm) +
X chromosome quantity
12 +