familyPoaceae
subfamilyPoaceae subfam. Chloridoideae
tribePoaceae tribe Cynodonteae
genusCtenium
speciesCtenium floridanum

Ctenium floridanum

(Hitchc.) Hitchc.
Mary E. Barkworth
Common names: Florida orangegrass
Endemic
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 25. Treatment on page 234.
Please click on the illustration for a higher resolution version.
Illustrator: Karen Klitz, Linda A. Vorobik

Copyright: Utah State University

Plants perennial; rhizomatous, rhizomes scaly, slender. Culms 60-100 cm, erect. Sheaths smooth or scabridulous, not or only somewhat fibrous at maturity; ligules 1-7.9 mm; blades to 39 cm long, 5.1 mm wide, glabrous or scabrous. Panicles with 1 branch; branches 8-15 cm, often twisted. Spikelets 7-9.2 mm. Lower glumes 1.6-2 mm; upper glumes 4.6-5.7 mm, glandless or with a few inconspicuous glands on either side of the midveins, unequally bidentate, awned, awns 3.8-6.2 mm, straight to assending; lemmas pubescent on the lateral-veins, awns 3-5 mm, straight; distal lemmas unawned. 2n = unknown.

Distribution

Fla., Ga.

Discussion

Ctenium floridanum is an uncommon endemic of Georgia and Florida, where it grows in dry to mesic pine-oak uplands and pine flatwoods. It is also cultivated, the graceful curve of its spikes making it an attractive addition to gardens.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"decumbent" is not a number.

... more about "Ctenium floridanum"
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Abaxial ligule presence
absent +
Abaxial ligule quantity
common +
Adaxial cell presence
absent +
Adaxial cell shape
bulliform +
Adaxial cell structure in adjective form
stomatal +
Adaxial ligule architecture or pubescence or shape
ciliate +
Adaxial ligule length or size
longer +
Adaxial ligule presence
absent +
Adaxial ligule texture
membranous +
Anther quantity
3 +
Apical cell height or length or size
short +
Apical cell width
Wide (?) +
Arm cell anatomy
kranz +
Arm cell presence
absent +
Auricle presence
absent +
Author
Mary E. Barkworth +
Authority
(Hitchc.) Hitchc. +
Awn atypical quantity
1 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
Awn course
straight +
Awn fixation
attached +
Awn orientation
arising +
Awn position
dorsal +
Awn position or structure subtype
terminal +
Awn quantity
multiple +, , +  and single +
Awn some measurement
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
Axis shape
crescentic +
Back shape
keeled +  and rounded +
Base architecture
pseudopetiolate +  and branching +
Base arrangement
close +
Base fusion
not fused +
Base position
intravaginal +, extravaginal +, branching +  and basal +
Base size
swelling +
Base texture
membranous +
Base width
thick +
Blade architecture
not pseudopetiolate +
Blade architecture or arrangement
radiate +
Blade length
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (39 cm390 mm <br />0.39 m <br />) +
Blade position
adaxial +
Blade pubescence
scabrous +  and glabrous +
Blade shape
convolute +  and flat +
Blade width
5.1 cm51 mm <br />0.051 m <br /> (?) +
Branch architecture
twisted +
Branch arrangement
arranged +
Branch quantity
1 +
Branch shape
falcate +  and pectinate +
Branch some measurement
8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br /> (15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br />) +
Caryopsis shape
ellipsoid +
Cell shape
triangular +  and dome--shaped +
Cilium architecture or pubescence or shape
ciliate +
Cilium length or size
sometimes longer +
Cilium texture
membranous +
Column quantity
single +
Common name
Florida orangegrass +
Culm architecture
simple +
Culm architecture or arrangement or growth form
solitary +
Culm duration
annual +
Culm growth form
climbing +
Culm growth form or location
floating +
Culm orientation
erect +
Culm some measurement
60 cm600 mm <br />0.6 m <br /> (100 cm1,000 mm <br />1 m <br />) +
Culm texture
not woody +
Distal floret size
reduced +
Distribution
Fla. +  and Ga. +
Embryo architecture or shape
cleft +
Embryo presence
absent +
Embryo shape
not waisted +
Embryo size
large +
Endosperm texture
hard +
Filament shape
capillary +
Floret architecture
staminate +
Floret arrangement
adjacent +
Floret development
well-developed +
Floret height or length or size
shorter +
Floret length or size
sometimes longer +
Floret presence
absent +
Floret quantity
2 +  and single +
Floret reproduction
bisexual +  and sterile +
Floret shape
round +  and compressed +
Floret size
reduced +
Fusoid cell presence
absent +
Genus quantity
1 +
Gland prominence
inconspicuous +
Gland quantity
few +
Glume architecture or shape
awned +
Glume height or length or size
shorter +
Glume length or size
shorter or longer +
Glume position
subtending +
Glume quantity
2 +
Glume size
unequal +
Group quantity
3 +
Hair quantity
lacking +
Hair relief
coarse +
Hair shape
uncinate +
Hilum arrangement or course or shape
linear +
Hilum coloration or relief
punctate +
Hilum height or length or size
short +
Illustration
Present +
Illustration copyright
Utah State University +
Illustrator
Linda A. Vorobik +  and Karen Klitz +
Inflorescence architecture
pistillate +
Inflorescence arrangement
paniculate +  and racemose +
Inflorescence fusion
distinct +
Inflorescence position
axillary +
Inflorescence position or structure subtype
terminal +
Internode architecture
hollow +  and solid +
Internode shape
elongate +
Layer presence
not absent +
Leaf arrangement
distichous +
Leaf margin arrangement
Overlapping (?) +
Leaf odor
aromatic +
Lemma architecture
3-veined +
Lemma architecture or shape
awned +
Lemma pubescence
pubescent +
Lemma shape
bidentate +  and entire +
Lemma width
thin +
Ligule architecture or pubescence or shape
ciliate +
Ligule length or size
sometimes longer +
Ligule presence
absent +
Ligule some measurement
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.79 cm7.9 mm <br />0.0079 m <br />) +
Ligule texture
membranous +
Lodicule presence
absent +
Lodicule prominence
inconspicuous +
Lodicule pubescence
glabrous +
Lodicule quantity
2 +
Lower glume architecture
1-veined +
Lower glume height or length or size
shorter +
Lower glume shape
keeled +
Lower glume some measurement
0.16 cm1.6 mm <br />0.0016 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
Marginal hair arrangement
adjacent +
Marginal hair fragility
stiff +
Marginal hair relief
coarse +
Microhair presence
absent +
Midrib architecture
simple +
Node prominence
concealed +  and prominent +
Number of lower taxa
0 +
Other quantity
2 +  and 1 +
Ovary pubescence
glabrous +
Palea shape
keeled +
Panicle architecture
simple +
Panicle branch height or length or size
short +
Pericarp architecture or fragility
loose +
Pericarp arrangement
separating +
Pericarp condition or texture
dry +
Pericarp fusion
free +
Pericarp texture
dry +  and fleshy +
Raceme shape
spikelike +
Rachis prominence
evident +
Reference
None +
Rhizome architecture or pubescence
scaly +
Rhizome size
slender +
Row quantity
2 +
Sheath architecture
open +
Sheath condition
closed +
Sheath relief
scabridulous +  and smooth +
Sheath texture
fibrous +
Source xml
https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V25/V25 838.xml +
Special status
Endemic +
Spikelet architecture
subsessile +
Spikelet architecture or arrangement or growth form
solitary +
Spikelet arrangement
divergent +
Spikelet fixation
attached +
Spikelet position or shape
distal +
Spikelet presence
absent +
Spikelet quantity
1 +  and 60 +
Spikelet reproduction
sterile +
Spikelet shape
compressed +
Spikelet size
reduced +
Spikelet some measurement
0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br /> (0.92 cm9.2 mm <br />0.0092 m <br />) +
Stamen quantity
1 +  and 3 +
Starch-grain architecture
compound +  and simple +
Starch-grain presence
absent +
Style-branch atypical quantity
4 +  and 1 +
Style-branch quantity
2 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
Style arrangement
separate +
Style quantity
2 +
Synonyms
Gramineae +
Taxon architecture
staminate +
Taxon family
Poaceae +
Taxon name
Ctenium floridanum +
Taxon parent
Ctenium +
Taxon rank
species +
Taxon reproduction
dioecious +
Tissue coloration
hyaline +
Tissue texture
membranous +
Upper blade size
reduced +
Upper glume architecture
with a few inconspicuous glands +  and glandless +
Upper glume architecture or shape
awned +
Upper glume shape
bidentate +
Upper glume some measurement
0.46 cm4.6 mm <br />0.0046 m <br /> (0.57 cm5.7 mm <br />0.0057 m <br />) +
Vein presence
absent +
Vein quantity
7 (?) +  and 13 (?) +
Vein size
major +
Volume
Volume 25 +
Whole organism architecture
rhizomatous +
Whole organism arrangement or pubescence
tufted +
Whole organism duration
perennial +
Whole organism growth form
plant +
Whole organism growth form or habitat
aquatic +  and terrestrial +
Whole organism reproduction
dioecious +, monoecious +  and synoecious +
Whole organism variability
varied +
X chromosome atypical quantity
12 +
X chromosome quantity
9 +