Cyclopogon elatus

(Swartz) Schlechter

Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 8: 53. 1919.

Basionym: Satyrium elatum Swartz Prodr., 119. 1788
Synonyms: Beadlea elata (Swartz) Small ex Britton Sauroglossum richardii Ames Spiranthes elata (Swartz) Richard
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 26. Treatment on page 522. Mentioned on page 521.

Herbs to 75 cm. Roots fusiform-cylindric, 13 cm × 3–10 mm. Leaves 2–6; petiole erect, 3–10 cm; blade green abaxially and adaxially, narrowly to broadly elliptic, or elliptic-lanceolate, 3.7–13 × 1.6–6.4 cm, apex obtuse to acute-acuminate. Inflorescences immaculate, green to greenish brown; scape to 57 cm × 1–5 mm, glabrous or sparsely pubescent; racemes 7–50-flowered, 7–23 cm, pubescent; floral bracts erect, immaculate or minutely speckled, lanceolate, 8–19 mm. Flowers green to coppery brown, sometimes purplish, tubular-funnelform; sepals basally connate for 0.1 mm, abaxially pubescent; dorsal sepal elliptic-lanceolate, 4.5–7 × 1.5–2 mm, apex acuminate; lateral sepals slightly sinuate-falcate, narrowly oblong, 5–7.5 × 1–2 mm; petals linear to narrowly spatulate, 4–6.5 × 0.5–0.75 mm, glabrous; lip white, canaliculate, pandurate to oblong-ovate, then constricted distal to middle, distal portion flabellate to reniform, usually broadest, or distal and proximal portions equal in width, 5–7 × 2–4 mm, base laterally thickened, with or without pair of tubercles, margins entire or crenulate; column slender, 3.5–4.5 mm; pollinia yellow. Capsules erect-spreading, ellipsoid, 6–12 × 4–6 mm. 2n = 28, 30, 45.


Phenology: Flowering Feb–Mar.
Habitat: In humus of moist, rocky hammocks
Elevation: 0–20 m

Distribution

V26 1062-distribution-map.jpg

Fla., Mexico, West Indies, Central America, n South America

Discussion

Morphologic variation is substantial in Cyclopogon elatus. Variants may be sympatric and locally distinct (J. D. Ackerman 1995), or they may form a continuous series within or among regions. I suspect that inbreeding (via self-pollination) is prevalent and has generated and maintained local variation.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"broadest" is not a number.

... more about "Cyclopogon elatus"
45 +, 30 +  and 28 +
self-pollination +
acuminate +, obtuse +  and acute-acuminate +
James D. Ackerman +
(Swartz) Schlechter +
Satyrium elatum +
indehiscent +
not articulate +
conduplicate +  and plicate +
3.7 cm37 mm <br />0.037 m <br /> (13 cm130 mm <br />0.13 m <br />) +
elliptic-lanceolate +  and elliptic +
1.6 cm16 mm <br />0.016 m <br /> (6.4 cm64 mm <br />0.064 m <br />) +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br />) +
erect-spreading +
ellipsoid +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
slender +
3.5mm +  and 4.5mm +
flabellate;reniform +
Fla. +, Mexico +, West Indies +, Central America +  and n South America +
0.45 cm4.5 mm <br />0.0045 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
0–20 m +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (1.9 cm19 mm <br />0.019 m <br />) +
3-merous +, sessile +  and pedicellate +
purplish +, green +  and coppery brown +
horizontal +  and resupinate +
tubular-funnelform +
In humus of moist, rocky hammocks +
green;greenish brown +
lateral +  and terminal +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (0.75 cm7.5 mm <br />0.0075 m <br />) +
oblong +  and sinuate-falcate +
petiolate +, sessile +  and simple +
duplicate +, convolute +, whorled +, opposite +, distichous +  and alternate +
cauline +  and basal +
2 (?) +  and 6 (?) +
reduced +
distal +  and middle +
pandurate +  and oblong-ovate +
constricted +
crenulate +  and entire +
differing in form and color +
subsessile +  and sessile +
1-many-flowered +  and cymose +
pendent +  and erect +
4mm;6.5mm +
linear;narrowly spatulate +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.075 cm0.75 mm <br />7.5e-4 m <br />) +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br />) +
Flowering Feb–Mar. +
clavate-oblong +
Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. +
7-50-flowered +
7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br /> (23 cm230 mm <br />0.23 m <br />) +
13 cm130 mm <br />0.13 m <br /> (?) +
aerial +  and subterranean +
fusiform-cylindric +
3mm +  and 10mm +
longer than wide +
0cm;57cm +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
1mm;5mm +
minute +
subparallel +
foliaceous +
not +  and alike +
many-flowered +
rhizomatous +  and simple +
pendent +  and erect +
proliferous +
thickened +  and stout +
concave +  and convex +
Beadlea elata +, Sauroglossum richardii +  and Spiranthes elata +
Cyclopogon elatus +
Cyclopogon +
species +
crenulate +  and entire +
disc--shaped +
annual +  and perennial +
aquatic +, lithophytic +, terrestrial +  and epiphytic +
saprophytic +, photosynthetic +  and mycotrophic +