familyPoaceae
subfamilyPoaceae subfam. Chloridoideae
tribePoaceae tribe Cynodonteae
genusDactyloctenium
speciesDactyloctenium geminatum

Dactyloctenium geminatum

Hack.
Stephan L. Hatch
Common names: Double combgrass
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 25. Treatment on page 113.
Please click on the illustration for a higher resolution version.
Illustrator: Karen Klitz, Linda A. Vorobik

Copyright: Utah State University

Plants perennial; stoloniferous, mat-forming. Culms 35-112 cm, ascending. Blades 4-25 cm long, 3-6 mm wide, flat, more or less glabrous. Panicle branches (1) 2 (3), 2.5-7 cm, often slightly falcate, only the first few spikelets in contact with the spikelets of adjacent branches. Spikelets 3-5.3 mm, with 3-6 florets. Glumes subequal, 1.3-1.8 mm, widely elliptic to ovate or obovate in profile, awned, awns 4.5-10 mm; lemmas 3-3.8 mm, lanceolate, keels smooth or finely scabridulous towards the acute or mucronate apices; palea keels not winged; anthers 1.1-1.7 mm. Seeds about 1 mm long, transversely rugose. 2n = unknown.

Discussion

Dactyloctenium geminatum is native to tropical eastern Africa. It was found at one time on ballast dumps in Maryland, but has not survived in North America.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"decumbent" is not a number.

... more about "Dactyloctenium geminatum"
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Abaxial ligule presence
absent +
Abaxial ligule quantity
common +
Adaxial cell presence
absent +
Adaxial cell shape
bulliform +
Adaxial cell structure in adjective form
stomatal +
Adaxial ligule architecture or pubescence or shape
ciliate +
Adaxial ligule length or size
longer +
Adaxial ligule presence
absent +
Adaxial ligule texture
membranous +
Anther coloration
yellow +
Anther quantity
3 +
Anther some measurement
0.11 cm1.1 mm <br />0.0011 m <br /> (0.17 cm1.7 mm <br />0.0017 m <br />) +
Apex shape
mucronate +  and acute +
Apical cell height or length or size
short +
Apical cell width
Wide (?) +
Arm cell anatomy
kranz +
Arm cell presence
absent +
Auricle presence
absent +
Author
Stephan L. Hatch +
Authority
Hack. +
Awn atypical quantity
1 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
Awn course
curved +
Awn orientation
arising +
Awn quantity
multiple +, , +  and single +
Awn some measurement
0.45 cm4.5 mm <br />0.0045 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
Axis length
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (11 cm110 mm <br />0.11 m <br />) +
Back shape
keeled +  and rounded +
Base architecture
pseudopetiolate +  and branching +
Base arrangement
close +
Base fusion
not fused +
Base position
intravaginal +, extravaginal +, branching +  and basal +
Base size
swelling +
Base texture
membranous +
Base width
thick +
Blade architecture
not pseudopetiolate +
Blade architecture or arrangement
radiate +
Blade length
4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br /> (25 cm250 mm <br />0.25 m <br />) +
Blade position
adaxial +
Blade prominence or shape
flat +
Blade pubescence
glabrous +
Blade shape
involute +  and flat +
Blade width
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
Branch architecture
spicate +
Branch arrangement
adjacent +
Branch quantity
2;11 +
Branch shape
spikelike +
Callus pubescence
glabrous +
Cell shape
triangular +  and dome--shaped +
Cilium architecture or pubescence or shape
ciliate +
Cilium length or size
sometimes longer +
Cilium texture
membranous +
Column quantity
single +
Common name
Double combgrass +
Culm architecture
not branching +  and rooting +
Culm architecture or arrangement or growth form
solitary +
Culm atypical some measurement
160 +
Culm duration
annual +
Culm growth form
climbing +
Culm growth form or location
floating +
Culm orientation
ascending +
Culm some measurement
35 cm350 mm <br />0.35 m <br /> (112 cm1,120 mm <br />1.12 m <br />) +
Culm texture
not woody +
Distal floret size
reduced +
Distribution
Pacific Islands (Hawaii) +, Fla. +, N.J. +, N.Mex. +, Tex. +, La. +, Tenn. +, N.C. +, S.C. +, Pa. +, Ariz. +, Mass. +, N.Y. +, Va. +, Colo. +, Calif. +, Puerto Rico +, Virgin Islands +, Ala. +, Ark. +, Ill. +, Ga. +, Maine +, Md. +, Ohio +  and Miss. +
Embryo architecture or shape
cleft +
Embryo presence
absent +
Embryo shape
not waisted +
Embryo size
large +
Endosperm texture
hard +
Filament shape
capillary +
Floret architecture
pistillate +  and staminate +
Floret arrangement
adjacent +
Floret height or length or size
shorter +
Floret length or size
sometimes longer +
Floret life cycle
falling +
Floret quantity
3 +  and 6 +
Floret reproduction
sterile +  and bisexual +
Floret shape
round +  and compressed +
Floret size
reduced +
Fusoid cell presence
absent +
Genus quantity
1 +
Glume architecture
1-veined +
Glume architecture or shape
awned +
Glume height or length or size
shorter +
Glume length or size
shorter or longer +
Glume position
subtending +
Glume quantity
2 +
Glume shape
widely elliptic +  and ovate or obovate +
Glume size
subequal +
Glume some measurement
0.13 cm1.3 mm <br />0.0013 m <br /> (0.18 cm1.8 mm <br />0.0018 m <br />) +
Group quantity
3 +
Hair quantity
lacking +
Hair relief
coarse +
Hair shape
uncinate +
Hilum arrangement or course or shape
linear +
Hilum coloration or relief
punctate +
Hilum height or length or size
short +
Illustration
Present +
Illustration copyright
Utah State University +
Illustrator
Linda A. Vorobik +  and Karen Klitz +
Inflorescence architecture
pistillate +
Inflorescence arrangement
paniculate +  and racemose +
Inflorescence fusion
distinct +
Inflorescence position
axillary +
Inflorescence position or structure subtype
terminal +
Internode architecture
hollow +  and solid +
Internode shape
elongate +
Keel relief
scabridulous +  and smooth +
Layer presence
not absent +
Leaf arrangement
distichous +
Leaf margin arrangement
Overlapping (?) +
Lemma architecture
3-veined +
Lemma architecture or shape
awned +
Lemma arrangement
adjacent +
Lemma pubescence
glabrous +
Lemma shape
lanceolate +
Lemma some measurement
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.38 cm3.8 mm <br />0.0038 m <br />) +
Lemma texture
membranous +
Ligule architecture or pubescence or shape
ciliate +
Ligule length or size
sometimes longer +
Ligule presence
absent +
Ligule texture
membranous +
Lodicule presence
absent +
Lodicule prominence
inconspicuous +
Lodicule quantity
2 +
Lower glume shape
mucronate +  and acute +
Marginal hair arrangement
adjacent +
Marginal hair fragility
stiff +
Marginal hair relief
coarse +
Microhair presence
absent +
Midrib architecture
simple +
Node prominence
concealed +  and prominent +
Number of lower taxa
0 +
Other quantity
2 +  and 1 +
Ovary pubescence
glabrous +
Palea keel architecture
not winged +
Palea pubescence
glabrous +
Palea shape
keeled +
Panicle architecture
simple +
Panicle branch atypical quantity
3 +  and 1 +
Panicle branch height or length or size
short +
Panicle branch quantity
2 (?) +
Panicle branch shape
falcate +
Panicle branch some measurement
2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br /> (7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br />) +
Pericarp architecture or fragility
loose +
Pericarp arrangement
separating +
Pericarp coloration
hyaline +
Pericarp condition or texture
dry +
Pericarp fusion
free +
Pericarp texture
dry +  and fleshy +
Raceme shape
spikelike +
Rachis prominence
evident +
Reference
None +
Row quantity
2 +
Seed fusion
free +
Seed length
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (?) +
Seed life cycle
falling +
Seed relief
rugose +
Sheath architecture
open +
Sheath condition
closed +
Sheath shape
keeled +
Source xml
https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V25/V25 185.xml +
Spikelet architecture or arrangement or growth form
solitary +
Spikelet arrangement
imbricate +
Spikelet fixation
attached +
Spikelet position or shape
distal +
Spikelet presence
absent +
Spikelet quantity
few +
Spikelet reproduction
sterile +
Spikelet shape
compressed +
Spikelet some measurement
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.53 cm5.3 mm <br />0.0053 m <br />) +
Stamen quantity
1 +  and 3 +
Starch-grain architecture
compound +  and simple +
Starch-grain presence
absent +
Style-branch atypical quantity
4 +  and 1 +
Style-branch quantity
2 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
Style arrangement
separate +
Style fusion
fused +
Style quantity
2 +
Synonyms
Gramineae +
Taxon architecture
staminate +
Taxon family
Poaceae +
Taxon name
Dactyloctenium geminatum +
Taxon parent
Dactyloctenium +
Taxon rank
species +
Taxon reproduction
dioecious +
Tissue coloration
hyaline +
Tissue texture
membranous +
Upper glume architecture or shape
awned +
Vein presence
absent +
Vein quantity
7 (?) +  and 13 (?) +
Vein size
major +
Volume
Volume 25 +
Whole organism architecture
stoloniferous +
Whole organism arrangement or pubescence
tufted +
Whole organism duration
perennial +
Whole organism growth form
plant +  and mat-forming +
Whole organism growth form or habitat
aquatic +  and terrestrial +
Whole organism reproduction
dioecious +, monoecious +  and synoecious +
Whole organism variability
varied +
X chromosome atypical quantity
12 +
X chromosome quantity
10 +