Diplotaxis erucoides

(Linnaeus) de Candolle

Syst. Nat. 2: 631. 1821.

Introduced
Basionym: Sinapis erucoides Linnaeus Cent. Pl. II, 24. 1756
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 7. Treatment on page 433. Mentioned on page 432, 435.

Annuals or biennials, not scented. Stems erect, 1–4 (–8) dm, densely pubescent throughout, (trichomes retrorse, appressed). Basal leaves: blades elliptic to obovate, 2.5–8 cm × 10–40 mm, margins sinuate to pinnatifid or lyrate, (2–5 lobes each side), (surfaces pubescent throughout, trichomes antrorse). Cauline leaves (distal) sessile; blade (base cuneate to broad, truncate), margins similar to basal, (distally reduced, subtending proximal flowers). Fruiting pedicels 3–10 (–22) mm. Flowers: sepals 4–5.5 mm, pubescent, trichomes ± flexuous; petals white (turning purple when dried), 7–10 × 4–5 mm; filaments 4–6.5 mm; anthers 1.5–2 mm; gynophore obsolete or to 0.5 mm. Fruits erect-patent, 2–3.5 (–4) cm × 1.5–2 (–2.5) mm; terminal segment beaklike, 2–5 mm, 1-seeded or 2-seeded. Seeds 1–1.2 × 0.5–0.8 mm. 2n = 14.


Phenology: Flowering summer.
Habitat: Ballast and waste places

Distribution

V7 651-distribution-map.gif

Introduced; Que., Calif., Mass., N.J., Eurasia, Africa, also in South America (Argentina)

Discussion

Diplotaxis erucoides was introduced from Europe as a ballast plant in the last century and may have failed to persist in some of the recorded provinces and states.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"elongated" is not a number."thick" is not a number."dm" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property."dm" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.

... more about "Diplotaxis erucoides"
oblong +  and ovate +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
Juan B. Martínez-Laborde +
(Linnaeus) de Candolle +
not +  and rosulate +
Sinapis erucoides +
appendaged +  and unappendaged +
not +  and auriculate +
2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br /> (8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br />) +
pinnatisect +, sinuate +  and dentate +
elliptic;obovate +
much smaller +  and reduced +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br />) +
urceolate +, campanulate +  and tubular +
branched +  and simple +
well-developed +
distinct +
not +  and differentiated +
emarginate +  and entire +
incumbent +, accumbent +  and conduplicate +
Que. +, Calif. +, Mass. +, N.J. +, Eurasia +, Africa +  and also in South America (Argentina) +
straight +  and curved +
not winged +  and unappendaged +
connate +  and distinct +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.65 cm6.5 mm <br />0.0065 m <br />) +
actinomorphic +
3.5 cm35 mm <br />0.035 m <br /> (4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br />) +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br />) +
indehiscent +  and dehiscent +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (3.5 cm35 mm <br />0.035 m <br />) +
erect-patent +
terete +  and segmented +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
stipitate +  and sessile +
0-0.5 mm +  and obsolete +
Ballast and waste places +
sessile +  and petiolate +
alternate +, not +  and rosulate +
cauline +  and basal +
connate +  and distinct +
decurrent +
dentate +  and entire +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (2.2 cm22 mm <br />0.022 m <br />) +
sinuate;pinnatifid or lyrate +
median +  and lateral +
cylindrical +  and cushionlike +
tenuinucellate +, crassinucellate +  and bitegmic +
campylotropous +  and anatropous +
7mm;10mm +
rudimentary +
obovate +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
Flowering summer. +
trinucleate +  and 3(-11)-colpate +
reflexed +  and ascending +
stout +  and slender +
not +  and mucilaginous +
not +  and mucilaginous +
white +, black +, brown +  and yellow +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.12 cm1.2 mm <br />0.0012 m <br />) +
ellipsoid +  and ovoid +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.08 cm0.8 mm <br />8.0e-4 m <br />) +
2 (?) +  and 1 (?) +
terete +, torulose +, list +  and count +
persistent +  and caducous +
distinct +
ascending +  and spreading +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.55 cm5.5 mm <br />0.0055 m <br />) +
reduced +
indehiscent +  and dehiscent +
terete +  and segmented +
indehiscent +  and dehiscent +
terete +  and segmented +
Introduced +
tetradynamous +
procumbent +  and decumbent +
2-lobed +  and decurrent +
subsessile +, sessile +  and petiolate +
persistent +
distinct +
Cruciferae +
Diplotaxis erucoides +
Diplotaxis +
species +
2-seeded +  and 1-seeded +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
scale-like +  and forked +
coiled +, 1-7-veined +  and veined +
anastomosing +
scapose +  and not +
biennial +  and annual +
glabrous +, pubescent +  and glabrescent +
rhizomatous +, taprooted +, scapose +  and not +
perennial +, biennial +  and annual +
subshrub +  and herb +
aquatics +  and terrestrial +
glabrous +  and pubescent +
21 +, [13 +, 11 +, 10 +, 9 +, [8 +  and 7 +