familyPoaceae
subfamilyPoaceae subfam. Pooideae
tribePoaceae tribe Poeae
genusDissanthelium
speciesDissanthelium californicum

Dissanthelium californicum

(Nutt.) Benth.
Nancy F. Refulio
Common names: California dissanthelium
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 24. Treatment on page 700.
Please click on the illustration for a higher resolution version.
Illustrator: Linda Ann Vorobik, Hana Pazdírková

Copyright: Utah State University

Plants annual. Culms to 25 cm, glabrous. Blades 2.5-15 cm long, 1-4 mm wide, flat, soft. Panicles 5-15 cm, contracted; pedicels scabrous. Spikelets with 2-3 florets, lower floret in each spikelet a little longer than the upper floret. Glumes subequal, 3-4 mm, exceeding the florets, lanceolate, keels scabrous, margins scarious, apices acuminate; lemmas 1.5-2 mm, pilose, obtuse to acute. 2n = unknown.

Distribution

Calif.

Discussion

Dissanthelium californicum is known only from Santa Catalina and San Clemente islands, California, and Guadalupe Island, Baja California, Mexico. It grows in coastal sage-scrub. Until its rediscovery on Santa Catalina Island in 2005, it was thought to be extinct in California, not having been reported from the state since 1903.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"decumbent" is not a number.

... more about "Dissanthelium californicum"
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Abaxial ligule presence
absent +
Abaxial ligule quantity
common +
Adaxial cell presence
absent +
Adaxial cell shape
bulliform +
Adaxial ligule architecture or pubescence or shape
ciliate +
Adaxial ligule presence
absent +
Adaxial ligule texture
membranous +  and scarious +
Anther quantity
3 +
Apex shape
acuminate +
Arm cell presence
absent +
Auricle presence
absent +
Author
Nancy F. Refulio +
Authority
(Nutt.) Benth. +
Awn atypical quantity
1 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
Awn course
straight +
Awn orientation
arising +
Awn position
basal +  and terminal +
Awn quantity
single +
Awn shape
bent +
Back shape
keeled +  and rounded +
Basal floret quantity
1 +  and 2 +
Base architecture
pseudopetiolate +  and branching +
Base arrangement
close +
Base fusion
free +
Base position
intravaginal +, extravaginal +, branching +  and basal +
Base size
swelling +
Base texture
hard +
Base width
thick +
Blade arrangement
parallel +
Blade arrangement or course or shape
linear +
Blade length
2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br /> (15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br />) +
Blade prominence
not evident +
Blade prominence or shape
flat +
Blade pubescence or texture
soft +
Blade shape
cross +, linear +  and narrowly lanceolate +
Blade width
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
Branch shape
spikelike +
Branch some measurement
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (?) +
Callus development
developed +
Callus pubescence
glabrous +
Common name
California dissanthelium +
Culm architecture
not branching +
Culm architecture or arrangement or growth form
solitary +
Culm atypical some measurement
25 +
Culm duration
annual +
Culm growth form
climbing +
Culm growth form or location
floating +
Culm orientation
ascending +  and erect +
Culm pubescence
glabrous +
Culm some measurement
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (25 cm250 mm <br />0.25 m <br />) +
Culm texture
not woody +
Distal floret size
reduced +
Distribution
Calif. +
Embryo quantity
1/4 +  and 1/3 +
Endosperm texture
liquid +, soft +  and hard +
Filament shape
capillary +
Floret architecture
pistillate +  and staminate +
Floret arrangement
adjacent +
Floret atypical quantity
3 +
Floret length or size
sometimes longer +
Floret position or shape
distal +
Floret quantity
2 +  and 3 +
Floret reproduction
bisexual +  and some +
Floret shape
compressed +
Floret size
reduced +
Glume architecture or shape
awned +
Glume height or length or size
shorter +
Glume length or size
shorter or longer +
Glume position
subtending +
Glume presence
absent +
Glume quantity
2 +
Glume shape
lanceolate +
Glume size
subequal +
Glume some measurement
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
Glume variability
equal +
Hair shape
uncinate +
Hilum arrangement or course or shape
linear +
Hilum coloration or relief
punctate +
Hilum shape
Ovate (?) +
Illustration
Present +
Illustration copyright
Utah State University +
Illustrator
Linda Ann Vorobik +  and Hana Pazdírková +
Inflorescence architecture
compound +
Inflorescence position or structure subtype
terminal +
Internode architecture
hollow +
Internode presence
absent +
Keel pubescence or relief
scabrous +
Lateral-vein pubescence
pilose +, scabrous +  and glabrous +
Layer presence
absent +
Leaf arrangement
distichous +
Leaf margin arrangement
Overlapping (?) +
Lemma architecture
3(5)-veined +
Lemma architecture or shape
awned +
Lemma height or length or size
shorter +
Lemma length or size
longer +
Lemma pubescence
pilose +
Lemma shape
obtuse +  and acute +
Lemma some measurement
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
Ligule presence
absent +
Ligule some measurement
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
Ligule texture
membranous +
Lodicule architecture
veined +
Lodicule architecture or pubescence or shape
ciliate +
Lodicule architecture or shape
truncate +
Lodicule prominence
inconspicuous +
Lodicule quantity
2 +
Lodicule shape
lanceolate +
Lodicule texture
membranous +
Lower glume architecture
1-veined +
Lower sheath height or length or size
shorter +
Margin texture
scarious +
Midrib architecture
simple +
Node prominence
concealed +  and prominent +
Number of lower taxa
0 +
Other quantity
2 +  and 1 +
Ovary presence
absent +
Ovary pubescence
hairy +  and glabrous +
Palea development
well-developed +
Palea height or length or size
slightly shorter +
Palea presence
absent +
Palea shape
2-keeled +
Palea size
minute +
Panicle condition or size
contracted +
Panicle shape
spikelike +
Panicle size
reduced +
Panicle some measurement
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br />) +
Papilla presence
absent +
Pedicel pubescence or relief
scabrous +
Pericarp arrangement
separating +
Pericarp condition or texture
dry +
Pericarp texture
dry +  and fleshy +
Pericarp width
thin +
Pseudopetiole development
not developed +
Pseudopetiole presence
absent +
Rachilla length
prolonged +
Rachis prominence
evident +
Reference
None +
Sheath architecture
open +
Sheath condition
closed +
Sheath length
open +
Sheath pubescence
glabrous +
Source xml
https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V24/V24 991.xml +
Spike architecture
ebracteate +
Spikelet architecture
pedicellate +
Spikelet arrangement
mixed +
Spikelet fixation
attached +
Spikelet length or size
longer +
Spikelet quantity
1 +  and 60 +
Spikelet reproduction
viviparous +
Spikelet shape
compressed +
Spikelet some measurement
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
Stamen quantity
1 +  and 3 +
Starch-grain architecture
simple +  and compound +
Style-branch atypical quantity
4 +  and 1 +
Style-branch quantity
2 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
Style quantity
2 +
Subsidiary-cell architecture
parallel-sided +
Synonyms
Gramineae +
Taxon family
Poaceae +
Taxon name
Dissanthelium californicum +
Taxon parent
Dissanthelium +
Taxon rank
species +
Terminal floret reproduction
sexual +
Tissue coloration
hyaline +
Tissue texture
membranous +
Upper glume architecture
3-veined +
Vein arrangement
parallel +  and converging +
Vein presence
absent +
Vein quantity
2 (?) +
Vein size
major +
Volume
Volume 24 +
Whole organism architecture
rhizomatous +
Whole organism arrangement or pubescence
tufted +
Whole organism duration
annual +
Whole organism growth form
plant +
Whole organism growth form or habitat
aquatic +  and terrestrial +
X chromosome quantity
7 +