Ehrharta calycina

Sm.
Common names: Perennial veldtgrass
Introduced
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 24. Treatment on page 34.

Plants perennial; cespitose, often rhizomatous. Culms 30-75 (180) cm, erect, glabrous. Sheaths finely striate, smooth, sometimes densely pubescent, with short hairs between the veins, usually purplish; auricles ciliate; ligules about 1 mm, lacerate, glabrous; blades 2-9 cm long, 2-7 mm wide, flat or involute, surfaces glabrous, sometimes scabridulous, margins hairy, wavy. Panicles 7-22 cm, sometimes partially enclosed in the upper leaf-sheaths, sometimes nodding; pedicels curved or bent, sometimes straight. Spikelets 4-9 mm, U-shaped, purplish. Glumes subequal, 3-8 mm long, 3/4 - 9/10 the length of the spikelets, 7-veined; sterile lemmas hairy, smooth, lower sterile lemmas from 2/3 the length of to equaling the upper sterile lemmas, bases with earlike appendages, apices of both lemmas mucronate or shortly awned; bisexual lemmas slightly shorter than the upper sterile lemmas, 5-7-veined, glabrous or sparsely pubescent; paleas shorter than the lemmas, 2-veined; anthers 6, 2.5-3.5 mm. Caryopses about 3 mm. 2n = 24-28, 30.

Distribution

Calif., Pacific Islands (Hawaii), Tex.

Discussion

Ehrharta calycina is native to southern Africa. It was introduced to Davis, California, as a drought-resistant grass for rangelands, but it is unable to withstand heavy grazing. It is now common on the coastal sand dunes at San Luis Obispo and San Diego, California, and has been reported from Nevada and Texas. Jacobs and Hastings (1993) describe it as "moderately useful on light soils of low fertility and rainfall between 330 and 760 mm" in New South Wales. Four varieties have been described; they are not treated here.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"decumbent" is not a number."-veined" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.

... more about "Ehrharta calycina"
30 +, 24 +  and 28 +
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> (0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br />) +
awned +  and mucronate +
Mary E. Barkworth +
1 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
keeled +  and rounded +
pseudopetiolate +  and branching +
divergent +  and parallel +
intravaginal +, extravaginal +, branching +  and basal +
swelling +
disarticulating +
well-developed +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (9 cm90 mm <br />0.09 m <br />) +
not evident +
involute +  and flat +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
spikelike +
Perennial veldtgrass +
branching +  and branched +
intravaginal +  and basal +
30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br /> (75 cm750 mm <br />0.75 m <br />) +
Calif. +, Pacific Islands (Hawaii) +  and Tex. +
0 +  and 1/3 +
capillary +
bisexual +  and sterile +
round +  and compressed +
(3)5-7-veined +
3mm +  and 8mm +
subtending +
3/4 +  and 9/10 +
subequal +
tuberculate +
uncinate +
solid +  and hollow +
cauline +  and basal +
pubescent +, glabrous +  and hairy +
smooth +  and rugose +
bisexual +  and sterile +
mucronate +  and keeled +
lacerate +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (?) +
membranous +
inconspicuous +
fleshy +  and membranous +
complex +  and simple +
concealed +  and prominent +
2 +  and 1 +
well-developed +
thinner +
7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br /> (22 cm220 mm <br />0.22 m <br />) +
straight +  and curved +
dry +  and fleshy +
spreading;ascending +
membranous +
Introduced +
1 +  and 60 +
unisexual +  and bisexual +
u--shaped +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br />) +
1 +  and 3 +
simple +  and compound +
2 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
brown +  and white +
free +  and fused +
triangular +  and dome--shaped +
scabridulous +
Gramineae +
Ehrharta calycina +
Ehrharta +
species +
membranous +
exceeding the distal floret +  and equaling +
subequal +  and or longer +
inconspicuous +
plant +  and cespitose +
aquatic +  and terrestrial +