Euphorbia falcata

Linnaeus

Sp. Pl. 1: 456. 1753.

Common names: Sickle spurge
Introduced
Synonyms: Tithymalus falcatus (Linnaeus) Klotzsch & Garcke
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 12. Treatment on page 302. Mentioned on page 297.

Herbs, annual, with taproot. Stems erect, unbranched or branched, 5–20 cm, glabrous. Leaves: petiole absent; blade obovate, linear-oblong, or spatulate, 2–20 × 2–10 mm, base cuneate or attenuate, margins entire, apex acute, obtuse, emarginate, or mucronate, surfaces glabrous; venation usually inconspicuous, sometimes 3-nerved from base, midvein prominent. Cyathial arrangement: terminal pleiochasial branches 2–5, each 2–6 times 2-branched; pleiochasial bracts similar in shape to but usually shorter and wider than distal leaves; dichasial bracts distinct, widely ovate, rhombic, or suborbiculate, imbricate, base cordate, truncate or cuneate, margins finely denticulate, apex acute or obtuse, strongly mucronate; axillary cymose branches 0–10. Cyathia: peduncle 0–2 mm. Involucre cupulate, 0.5–1.2 × 0.6–1.3 mm, glabrous; glands 4, elliptic to orbiculate, 0.2–0.3 × 0.3–0.8 mm; horns usually absent, occasionally divergent, 0.5–1.2 mm. Staminate flowers 6–10. Pistillate flowers: ovary pilose only at base, styles 0.9–1.1 mm, 2-fid. Capsules subovoid, 2–3 × 1.8–3 mm, slightly lobed; cocci rounded, smooth, glabrous or slightly pilose along abaxial region; columella 1.1–1.8 mm. Seeds grayish, whitish, or light brownish, ovoid, 1.2–1.8 × 0.7–1.1 mm, transversally sulcate; caruncle subglobose to subconic, 0.2–0.5 × 0.2–0.5 mm.


Phenology: Flowering and fruiting spring–summer.
Habitat: Waste places, roadsides.
Elevation: 0–1600 m.

Distribution

V12 869-distribution-map.jpg

Introduced; Ky., Md., Ohio, Pa., Tenn., Va., W.Va., s, c Europe, w, c, s Asia, n Africa, also in South America (Chile)

Discussion

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"usually shorter and wider" is not a number."connate" is not a number. "distinct" is not a number."connate" is not a number. "distinct" is not a number.

... more about "Euphorbia falcata"
mucronate;obtuse;acute;mucronate;emarginate;mucronate;emarginate;obtuse;acute +
Ricarda Riina +, Dmitry V. Geltman +, Jess A. Peirson +  and Paul E. Berry +
Linnaeus +
cuneate +, truncate +, cordate +  and attenuate +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
spatulate;linear-oblong;spatulate;linear-oblong;obovate +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
dichasial +  and pleiochasial +
distinct +
suborbiculate +, rhombic +  and ovate +
cymose +, branched +, unbranched +  and pleiochasial +
arranged +  and opposite +
additional;2;4 +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
lobed +  and subovoid +
0.18 cm1.8 mm <br />0.0018 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
0.02 cm0.2 mm <br />2.0e-4 m <br /> (0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br />) +
subglobose +  and subconic +
0.02 cm0.2 mm <br />2.0e-4 m <br /> (0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br />) +
pilose +, glabrous +  and smooth +
rounded +
0.11 cm1.1 mm <br />0.0011 m <br /> (0.18 cm1.8 mm <br />0.0018 m <br />) +
Sickle spurge +
Ky. +, Md. +, Ohio +, Pa. +, Tenn. +, Va. +, W.Va. +, s +, c Europe +, w +, c +, s Asia +, n Africa +  and also in South America (Chile) +
0–1600 m. +
pistillate +  and staminate +
0.2mm;0.3mm +
subtending +
elliptic +  and orbiculate +
0.3mm +  and 0.8mm +
Waste places, roadsides. +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.12 cm1.2 mm <br />0.0012 m <br />) +
axillary +  and terminal +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.12 cm1.2 mm <br />0.0012 m <br />) +
0.06 cm0.6 mm <br />6.0e-4 m <br /> (0.13 cm1.3 mm <br />0.0013 m <br />) +
caducous +, deciduous +  and persistent +
inconspicuous +
bractlike +
palmate +  and pinnate +
denticulate +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
connate;distinct +
hairy +  and glabrous +
Flowering and fruiting spring–summer. +
light brownish;whitish;light brownish;whitish;grayish +
0.12 cm1.2 mm <br />0.0012 m <br /> (0.18 cm1.8 mm <br />0.0018 m <br />) +
0.07 cm0.7 mm <br />7.0e-4 m <br /> (0.11 cm1.1 mm <br />0.0011 m <br />) +
Introduced +
free +, connate +  and distinct +
branched +  and unbranched +
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (20 cm200 mm <br />0.2 m <br />) +
herbaceous +  and woody +
deciduous +  and persistent +
connate +  and distinct +
0.09 cm0.9 mm <br />9.0e-4 m <br /> (?) +  and 0.11 cm1.1 mm <br />0.0011 m <br /> (?) +
Tithymalus falcatus +
Euphorbia falcata +
Euphorbia subg. Esula +
species +
2-6 times 2-branched +  and pleiochasial +
rounded +  and attenuate +
10 +, 9 +, 8 +, 7 +  and 6 +