Festuca rubra subsp. fallax

(Thuill.) Nyman
Common names: Flatleaf red fescue Fétuque trompeuse
Synonyms: Festuca rubra var. multiflora Festuca rubra subsp. multiflora Festuca rubra var. fraterculae Festuca heteromalla Festuca diffusa
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 24. Treatment on page 415.
Please click on the illustration for a higher resolution version.
Illustrator: Cindy Roché

Copyright: Utah State University

Plants cespitose, strongly rhizomatous, stoloniferous, sometimes with solitary culms. Culms 50-90 (130) cm. Sheaths of innovations redbrown at the base, scarious, pubescent on the upper parts, shredding into fibers; blades usually flat and 2-7 mm wide, or loosely conduplicate and 0.8-2.5 mm in diameter; abaxial sclerenchyma in 5-9 broad strands; adaxial sclerenchyma always present. Inflorescences 9-15 cm, open, lax or erect. Spikelets 8-14 (17) mm, with (4) 6-10 florets. Glumes ovatelanceolate to lanceolate, acute to acuminate; lower glumes 3.5-4.5 (7) mm; upper glumes 5-6.5 (8.5) mm; lemmas 5-7.5 (9.5) mm, green or glaucous, often red-violet along the margins, glabrous, smooth, awned, awns 0.8-3.2 mm; anthers 3.5-4.5 mm. 2n = 42, 56, 70.

Discussion

Festuca rubra subsp. fallax is a robust taxon that grows in damp, often disturbed places. It is native to northern and central Europe, but has been introduced widely in the Flora region, occurring from British Columbia to eastern Quebec and south to California. It is now common in some areas, occasional in others.

Festuca rubra var. fraterculae Rasm., an unusual form described from the nesting colonies of Atlantic puffins (Fratercula arctica) on the Faeroe Islands and reported as introduced to southern Greenland, is included here in F. rubra subsp. fallax. Its luxuriant growth (flat leaves 4-7 mm wide, long stolons, and rhizomes) appears to be a phenotypic response to the soil conditions created by the puffins.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"wider than long" is not a number."decumbent" is not a number."longest" is not a number.

70 +, 56 +  and 42 +
pubescent +, scabrous +  and glabrous +
membranous +  and scarious +
pubescent +  and scabrous +
0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br /> (0.45 cm4.5 mm <br />0.0045 m <br />) +
awned +  and entire +
hispidulous +
bidentate +
Stephen J. Darbyshire +  and Leon E. Pavlickf +
(Thuill.) Nyman +
1 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (?) +
straight +
basal +  and terminal +
0.08 cm0.8 mm <br />8.0e-4 m <br /> (0.32 cm3.2 mm <br />0.0032 m <br />) +
keeled +  and rounded +
pseudopetiolate +  and branching +
intravaginal +, extravaginal +, branching +  and basal +
keeled +  and rounded +
swelling +
convolute +  and conduplicate +
0.08 cm0.8 mm <br />8.0e-4 m <br /> (0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br />) +
not deciduous +  and deciduous +
not evident +
flat +, convolute +  and setaceous +
0.03 cm0.3 mm <br />3.0e-4 m <br /> (0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br />) +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
spreading;erect +
pubescent +, scabrous +  and glabrous +
spikelike +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
Flatleaf red fescue +  and Fétuque trompeuse +
stoloniferous +
decumbent +  and erect +
50 cm500 mm <br />0.5 m <br /> (90 cm900 mm <br />0.9 m <br />) +
not woody +
Conn. +, N.J. +, N.Y. +, Wash. +, Va. +, Del. +, D.C. +, Wis. +, W.Va. +, Pacific Islands (Hawaii) +, Mass. +, Maine +, N.H. +, R.I. +, Vt. +, Oreg. +, Wyo. +, Ala. +, Ariz. +, Ga. +, Iowa +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Ky. +, Md. +, Mich. +, Minn. +, Mont. +, N.Dak. +, Nebr. +, N.Mex. +, Pa. +, S.C. +, Tex. +, N.C. +, Tenn. +, Calif. +, Nev. +, Alaska +, Colo. +, Idaho +, Alta. +, B.C. +, Greenland +, Man. +, N.B. +, Nfld. and Labr. +, N.S. +, N.W.T. +, Nunavut +, Ont. +, P.E.I. +, Que. +, Sask. +, Yukon +, Ohio +, Utah +  and Mo. +
1/4 +  and 1/3 +
liquid +, soft +  and hard +
capillary +
pistillate +  and staminate +
sometimes longer +
6 +  and 10 +
compressed +
reduced +
shorter or longer +
subtending +
ovatelanceolate +  and lanceolate acute +
unequal +  and subequal +
not persistent +
antrorse +  and retrorse +
uncinate +
9 cm90 mm <br />0.09 m <br /> (15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br />) +
1-7(9)-veined +
red-violet +  and green +
glabrous +  and glaucous +
acuminate +  and attenuate +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (0.75 cm7.5 mm <br />0.0075 m <br />) +
coriaceous +, chartaceous +  and membranous +
0.01 cm0.1 mm <br />1.0e-4 m <br /> (0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br />) +
membranous +
inconspicuous +
lanceolate +
0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br /> (0.45 cm4.5 mm <br />0.0045 m <br />) +
concealed +  and prominent +
2 +  and 1 +
with hispidulous apices +  and glabrous +
well-developed +
2-keeled +
spikelike +
dry +  and fleshy +
glabrous +, pubescent +  and scabrous +
5 +  and 7 +
1 +  and 60 +
compressed +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (1.4 cm14 mm <br />0.014 m <br />) +
1 +  and 3 +
simple +  and compound +
2 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
Festuca rubra var. multiflora +, Festuca rubra subsp. multiflora +, Festuca rubra var. fraterculae +, Festuca heteromalla +  and Festuca diffusa +
Festuca rubra subsp. fallax +
Festuca rubra +
subspecies +
membranous +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (0.65 cm6.5 mm <br />0.0065 m <br />) +
parallel +  and converging +
obscure +  and prominent +
stoloniferous +  and rhizomatous +
plant +  and cespitose +
aquatic +  and terrestrial +