Fritillaria atropurpurea

Nuttall

J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 7: 54. 1834.

IllustratedEndemic
Synonyms: Fritillaria adamantina M. Peck Fritillaria gracillima Smiley Fritillaria linearis J. M. Coulter & Fisher
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 26. Treatment on page 167. Mentioned on page 165, 166, 170.

Bulb scales: large 2–5; small 45–50. Stem 1–6 dm. Leaves in whorls of 2–3 leaves per node proximally, 4–12 cm, usually shorter than inflorescence; blade linear to lanceolate; distal leaves usually slightly less than or equaling proximalmost leaf. Flowers nodding; perianth widely open; tepals purplish brown, clearly mottled yellow or white, oblong to ± diamond-shaped, 1–2.5 cm, margins flat to revolute, apex not recurved; nectaries obscure, covering most of tepals, yellow with dark reddish dots, elliptic; style obviously branched for more than 1/2 its length; branches longer than 1.5 mm. Capsules acutely angled.


Phenology: Flowering May–Jul.
Habitat: Leaf mold under trees and shrubs
Elevation: 1000–3200 m.

Distribution

V26 281-distribution-map.jpg

Ariz., Calif., Colo., Idaho, Mont., Nebr., Nev., N.Mex., N.Dak., Oreg., S.Dak., Utah, Wyo.

Discussion

This species has the widest geographic distribution in the genus. It is easily confused with Fritillaria pinetorum as there is no one consistent, distinguishing trait. These two species are most easily identified in the field, but herbarium specimens can be successfully identified using a combination of flower posture and cauline leaf traits. In F. pinetorum the flowers are almost always erect, although some of the flowers may be ± spreading. In F. atropurpurea the flowers are nodding, with some flowers sometimes ± spreading. The habit of the flowers can be easily confused in pressed specimens, so careful attention to cauline leaf traits works best for them. Fritillaria pinetorum has long proximalmost cauline leaves that surpass the inflorescence, whereas the proximalmost cauline leaves in F. atropurpurea almost never exceed the inflorescence. For accurate identifications, it is best to look at several individuals from a location.

The Lakota tribe used the whole plant of this species as a cancer cure. Plants were pulverized into a salve and applied to scrofulous swellings.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"broad" is not a number."thicker" is not a number."dm" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property."branched" is not a number.

... more about "Fritillaria atropurpurea"
versatile +  and dorsifixed +
cordate +  and linear +
not recurved +
Bryan Ness +
Nuttall +
whorled +, opposite +  and alternate +
dilated +
reticulate-veined +  and parallel-veined +
linear +  and lanceolate +
sheathing +  and involucrate +
1;several +
1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br /> (?) +
obovate +  and ovate +
tunicate +  and scaly +
small +  and large +
Ariz. +, Calif. +, Colo. +, Idaho +, Mont. +, Nebr. +, Nev. +, N.Mex. +, N.Dak. +, Oreg. +, S.Dak. +, Utah +  and Wyo. +
1000–3200 m. +
connate-coroniform +  and dilated +
unisexual +  and bisexual +
thin-walled +, winged +  and capsular +
loculicidal +
rounded +  and 6-angled +
membranaceous +  and leathery +
Leaf mold under trees and shrubs +
whorled +  and alternate +
persistent +
4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br /> (12 cm120 mm <br />0.12 m <br />) +
flat +  and revolute +
yellow with dark reddish dots +
many;several +
cupulate;campanulate +
Flowering May–Jul. +
J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia +
small +  and large +
wind-distributed +
yellowish +  and brownish +
Illustrated +  and Endemic +
adnate +  and free +
1 +  and several +
3-branched +  and unbranched +
3 +  and 1 +
Fritillaria adamantina +, Fritillaria gracillima +  and Fritillaria linearis +
Fritillaria atropurpurea +
Fritillaria +
species +
white;mottled yellow;purplish brown +
distinct +
oblong +  and more or less diamond-shaped +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +
sepaloid +  and petaloid +
narrower +