Habenaria quinqueseta

(Michaux) Eaton

Man. Bot. ed. 5: 253. 1829.

Common names: Long-horned habenaria Michaux’s orchid
Illustrated
Basionym: Orchis quinqueseta Michaux Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 155. 1803
Synonyms: Habenaria habenaria (Linnaeus) Small Habenaria macroceratitis Willdenow Habenaria quinqueseta var. macroceratitis (Willdenow) Luer
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 26. Mentioned on page 582.

Plants terrestrial, erect, 2–9 dm. Leaves scattered along stem and gradually reduced distally, or occasionally grouped toward base and abruptly reduced to bracts; blade widespreading to ascending, elliptic-oblong to oblanceolate, 5–25 × 2–6 cm. Inflorescences: floral bracts ascending to appressed, foliaceous, ovate to lance-acuminate, 15–28 × 7–15 mm. Flowers ascending, showy; sepals green; dorsal sepal shallowly concave, 6–13 × 5–10 mm; lateral sepals descending-spreading, 8–16 × 4–7 mm; petals white, lamina ascending, falcate, 6–15 × 2 mm, lateral lobe spreading-recurved, filiform, nearly equal to more than 2 times length of petal; lip white, middle lobe descending, linear, 8–20 × 2–3 mm, lateral lobes spreading, descending, filiform, nearly equal to more than 2 times middle lobe, apices recurved; spur slender, often markedly clavate, 4–18 cm; ovaries 2–3 cm. Capsules on short pedicel, nearly erect, 15–30 × 5–10 mm.


Phenology: Flowering Aug.
Habitat: Dry to wet pine savannas and mixed flatwoods, hammocks, swamps, meadows, and roadsides
Elevation: 0–100 m

Distribution

V26 1188-distribution-map.jpg

Ala., Fla., Ga., La., Miss., S.C., Tex., Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America

Discussion

Spur length is extraordinarily variable in Habenaria quinqueseta as here delimited. Recognition of H. quinqueseta var. macroceratitis, a long-spurred variety with a more tropical distribution, has been proposed (C. A. Luer 1972), restricting var. quinqueseta to the United States. Spur length varies continuously, and recognition of segregates based on this feature alone is not warranted (D. S. Correll 1950). Recent study, however, has shown Habenaria macroceratitis Wildenow to be distinct (P. M. Brown 2000c). Both H. quinqueseta and H. macroceratitis vary in spur lengths, and this situation has obscured other differences. This information did not appear in time to be accommodated fully in the present treatment.

The two species may be distinguished as follows (P. M. Brown 2000c):

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

Key

1 Distal division of lateral petals less than 2 times (10–18 mm) length of proximal division (6–9 mm); spur in living material typically less than 10 cm; plants of open pinelands, hedgerows, and fields. Habenaria quinqueseta
1 Distal division of lateral petals more than two times (20–24 mm) length of proximal division (8–11 mm); spur in living material often greater than 10 cm; plants of rich hardwood hammocks. Habenaria macroceratitis

"+timeslengthofpetal" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.

... more about "Habenaria quinqueseta"
self-pollination +
Charles J. Sheviak +
(Michaux) Eaton +
reduced +
Orchis quinqueseta +
indehiscent +
not +  and articulate +
conduplicate +  and plicate +
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (25 cm250 mm <br />0.25 m <br />) +
elliptic-oblong +  and oblanceolate +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br />) +
reduced +  and large +
1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br /> (3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br />) +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
Long-horned habenaria +  and Michaux’s orchid +
Ala. +, Fla. +, Ga. +, La. +, Miss. +, S.C. +, Tex. +, Mexico +, West Indies +, Central America +  and South America +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (1.3 cm13 mm <br />0.013 m <br />) +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
0–100 m +
1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br /> (2.8 cm28 mm <br />0.028 m <br />) +
ascending +  and appressed +
Dry to wet pine savannas and mixed flatwoods, hammocks, swamps, meadows, and roadsides +
lateral +  and terminal +
descending +, spreading +  and spreading-recurved +
2+ times middle lobe +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (1.6 cm16 mm <br />0.016 m <br />) +
descending-spreading +
petiolate +, sessile +  and simple +
grouped +  and scattered +
ascending;spreading +
reduced +
3-lobed +
larger +
differing in form and color +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br />) +
1-many-flowered +  and cymose +
pendent +  and erect +
2-lobed +
Flowering Aug. +
Man. Bot. ed. +
aerial +  and subterranean +
slender +
minute +
free +, distinct +, adnate +  and connate +
foliaceous +
not +  and alike +
Illustrated +
clavate +
slender +
4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br /> (18 cm180 mm <br />0.18 m <br />) +
branched +, or +  and simple +
pendent +  and erect +
proliferous +
reduced +
concave +  and convex +
Habenaria habenaria +, Habenaria macroceratitis +  and Habenaria quinqueseta var. macroceratitis +
Habenaria quinqueseta +
Habenaria +
species +
semiaquatic +  and terrestrial +
saprophytic +, photosynthetic +  and mycotrophic +