Helianthus simulans

E. Watson

Pap. Michigan Acad. Sci. 9: 363, plate 49. 1929.

Common names: Muck sunflower
Endemic
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 164. Mentioned on page 144, 147.

Perennials, 150–260 cm (rhizomatous). Stems erect, strigose or hirsute. Leaves basal and cauline; opposite or alternate; petioles 0.5–1 cm; blades (3-nerved distal to bases) linear-lanceolate to lanceolate, 9–22 cm × 0.7–4 cm, bases cuneate, margins entire or subentire (usually slightly revolute), abaxial faces hispidulous to tomentulose, glanddotted. Heads 1–15. Peduncles 1–13 cm. Involucres ± hemispheric, 13–18 mm diam. Phyllaries 25–35 (loose), lance-linear to lanceolate, 6–17 × 1.5–3 mm, apices acuminate, abaxial faces glabrate to sparsely strigose, glanddotted. Paleae 5.5–6.5 mm, 3- (or 5-) toothed (distally strigose, glanddotted). Ray-florets 12–23; laminae 16–40 mm (abaxial faces glanddotted). Disc-florets 100+; corollas 5–5.5 mm, lobes yellow or reddish; anthers dark-brown or black, appendages dark. Cypselae 2.5–3 mm, glabrous; pappi of 2 (usually unequal) aristate scales 1.5–2.4 mm. 2n = 34.


Phenology: Flowering fall.
Habitat: Wet soils, ditches, roadsides
Elevation: 0–50+ m

Distribution

V21-395-distribution-map.gif

Ala., Fla., Ga., La., S.C.

Discussion

Helianthus simulans is similar to H. angustifolius, but much more robust with larger leaves, and to H. floridanus, but with longer and narrower leaves. Some workers have described H. simulans as having yellow disc corollas; this is variable within the species; individuals with reddish disc corolla lobes also occur. It is becoming popular as a garden plant, which may increase its range and may lead to an increase in the occurrence of hybrids with H. angustifolius and H. floridanus. It may be present in Arkansas and Texas.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.
... more about "Helianthus simulans"
glabrate +  and sparsely strigose +
not tailed +, rounded +  and obtuse +
black +  and dark-brown +
pale +  and dark +
connate +  and distinct +
acuminate +
subequal +
scarious +
usually ovate +  and lanceolate +
usually deltate +  and lanceolate +
spiciform +, paniculiform +  and corymbiform +
indeterminate +  and determinate +
Edward E. Schilling +
E. Watson +
cuneate +
9 cm90 mm <br />0.09 m <br /> (22 cm220 mm <br />0.22 m <br />) +
linear-lanceolate;lanceolate +
0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br /> (4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br />) +
winged;ribbed;winged;ribbed +
tuberculate +  and rugose +
barbellulate +  and barbellate +
Muck sunflower +
reddish +  and yellow +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (0.55 cm5.5 mm <br />0.0055 m <br />) +
compressed +  and obpyramidal +
fertile +  and bisexual +
fertile +  and bisexual +
Ala. +, Fla. +, Ga. +, La. +  and S.C. +
0–50+ m +
hairy +  and glabrous +
pistillate +, staminate +  and neuter +
winged +  and beaked +
dispersed +
Wet soils, ditches, roadsides +
in more or less corymbiform , paniculiform or spiciform , arrays +  and singly +
indeterminate +
homogamous +  and heterogamous +
each +  and sessile +
1.3 cm13 mm <br />0.013 m <br /> (1.8 cm18 mm <br />0.018 m <br />) +
hemispheric +
1.6 cm16 mm <br />0.016 m <br /> (4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br />) +
sessile +  and petiolate +
alternate +  and opposite +
cauline +  and basal +
reddish;yellow +
triangular +
serrate +  and entire +
subentire +  and entire +
2-carpellate +
3-toothed +
0.55 cm5.5 mm <br />0.0055 m <br /> (0.65 cm6.5 mm <br />0.0065 m <br />) +
persistent +
coroniform +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (13 cm130 mm <br />0.13 m <br />) +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
Flowering fall. +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (1.7 cm17 mm <br />0.017 m <br />) +
25 +  and 35 +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
Pap. Michigan Acad. Sci. +
bearing subulate enations +, hairy +  and bristly +
flat;slightly convex +
aristate +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.24 cm2.4 mm <br />0.0024 m <br />) +
exalbuminous +
procumbent +  and decumbent +
hirsute +  and strigose +
appendaged +  and truncate +
hirsutulous +  and glabrous +
papillate +
Undefined (tribe Undefined) subtribe Lagasceinae +
Helianthus simulans +
Helianthus +
species +
campanulate +
toothed +  and entire +
300 cm3,000 mm <br />3 m <br /> (500 cm5,000 mm <br />5 m <br />) +
150 cm1,500 mm <br />1.5 m <br /> (260 cm2,600 mm <br />2.6 m <br />) +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (20 cm200 mm <br />0.2 m <br />) +
shrub +  and subshrub +