Heliopsis

Persoon

Syn. Pl. 2: 473. 1807.

Common names: Oxeye sunflower everlasting héliopside
Etymology: Greek helios, sun, and - opsis, likeness
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 67. Mentioned on page 64, 65, 68.
 TaxonIllustrator 
FNA21 P10 Heliopsis helianthoid.jpegHeliopsis helianthoides
Sanvitalia abertii
Zinnia grandiflora
Marjorie C. Leggitt
Bee F. Gunn
Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey

Perennials [annuals], 30–150 cm. Stems erect or trailing, branched from bases or ± throughout. Leaves cauline; opposite; petiolate; blades ± 3-nerved from bases, deltate or ovate to lanceolate, bases ± cuneate to subtruncate, margins serrate or coarsely toothed, faces glabrous or hairy. Heads radiate [discoid], borne singly. Involucres turbinate to hemispheric, 8–14 mm diam. Phyllaries persistent, 12–20 in 2–3 series (ovate or oblong, ± equal, outer more foliaceous than inner). Receptacles convex to conic, paleate (paleae tardily falling, yellowish, conduplicate, becoming chartaceous). Ray-florets [0] 5–20, pistillate, fertile; corollas yellow to orange (laminae persistent, sessile, becoming papery). Disc-florets 30–150+, bisexual, fertile; corollas yellow or brown to purple, tubes much shorter than narrowly cylindric throats, lobes 5, deltate. Cypselae (brown to black-brown) subterete or obscurely 3 (ray) - or 4 (disc) -angled (not winged); pappi 0, or persistent, coroniform (each a laciniate crown plus 1–3 toothlike scales). x = 14.

Distribution

North America, Mexico, Central America, South America (to Bolivia)

Discussion

Species ca. 18 (3 in the flora).

Most species of Heliopsis are known only from Mexico.

Key

1 Aerial stems 1–2+ (from creeping rhizomes 4–10+ cm × 1–2 mm, rhizome internodes ca. 20+ mm); heads 1–3(–5); rays 6–8(–13) Heliopsis gracilis
1 Aerial stems 1–10+ (from ± erect caudices, or from creeping rhizomes to 4 cm × 2–6 mm, rhizome internodes 2–10 mm); heads 1–15+; rays 9–18 > 2
2 Leaf blades (1.5–)3–6 × 0.8–3 cm, faces sparsely pubescent to glabrescent; peduncles (6–)15–30 cm; cypselae rugulose to subtuberculate Heliopsis parvifolia
2 Leaf blades 6–12(–15) × 2.5–6(–12) cm, faces glabrous, pubescent, or scabrous; peduncles 9–25 cm; cypselae smooth Heliopsis helianthoides

"broader" is not a number.

... more about "Heliopsis"
not tailed +, rounded +  and obtuse +
connate +  and distinct +
subequal +
scarious +
usually ovate +  and lanceolate +
usually deltate +  and lanceolate +
spiciform +, racemiform +, paniculiform +, corymbiform +  and cymiform +
indeterminate +  and determinate +
Alan R. Smith +
Persoon +
bristlelike +
coroniform +
cuneate to subtruncate +  and cuneate +
ovate;lanceolate +
winged;ribbed;winged;ribbed +
tuberculate +  and rugose +
barbellulate +  and barbellate +
Oxeye +, sunflower everlasting +  and héliopside +
brown +  and purple +
hairy +  and glabrous +
4-angled +  and subterete +
fertile +  and bisexual +
fertile +  and bisexual +
North America +, Mexico +, Central America +  and South America (to Bolivia) +
Greek helios, sun, and - opsis, likeness +
hairy +  and glabrous +
pistillate +, staminate +  and neuter +
winged +  and beaked +
dispersed +
indeterminate +
homogamous +  and heterogamous +
each +  and sessile +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (1.4 cm14 mm <br />0.014 m <br />) +
turbinate;hemispheric +
deltate +
dentate to pinnatifid or palmatifid +  and entire +
toothed +  and serrate +
2-carpellate +
persistent +
coroniform +
12 +  and 20 +
unequal +  and subequal +
bearing subulate enations +, hairy +  and bristly +
convex;conic +
fisher1957a +
exalbuminous +
trailing +  and erect +
appendaged +  and truncate +
hirsutulous +  and glabrous +
papillate +
Undefined (tribe Undefined) subtribe Enceliinae +, Undefined (tribe Undefined) subtribe Engelmanniinae +, Undefined (tribe Undefined) subtribe Spilanthinae +, Undefined (tribe Undefined) subtribe Verbesininae +  and Undefined (tribe Undefined) subtribe Zinniinae +
Heliopsis +
Asteraceae (tribe Heliantheae) subtribe Ecliptinae +
cylindric +
cylindric +
shorter to longer than campanulate +
toothed +  and entire +
30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br /> (150 cm1,500 mm <br />1.5 m <br />) +
200 cm2,000 mm <br />2 m <br /> (400 cm4,000 mm <br />4 m <br />) +
shrub +  and subshrub +