Heteranthera mexicana

S. Watson

Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 18: 166. 1883.

Illustrated
Synonyms: Eurystemon mexicanum (S. Watson) E. J. Alexander
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 26. Treatment on page 44. Mentioned on page 39, 42.

Plants annual. Vegetative stems submersed with elongate internodes, or emersed and short. Flowering-stems 6–15 cm, distal internode 4–8.5 cm. Sessile leaves submersed and thin, or emersed and thickened, 5–15 cm × 1–6 mm. Petiolate leaves and stipules not produced. Inflorescences spicate, 7–24-flowered, elongating over several days; spathes 1.2–4 cm; peduncle 4–9 cm, glandular-pubescent when emersed. Flowers 2–10 per inflorescence opening each day; perianth mauve, salverform, tube 2–6 mm, limbs zygomorphic, lobes narrowly elliptic, 8–13 mm, proximal lobe shorter; stamens unequal, lateral stamens 2.7–7 mm, filaments obliquely inflated at center, bent upward apically, glabrous; central stamen 5.9–10 mm, filament linear; style glabrous. Seeds 12–15-winged, 0.7–1 × 0.6–0.9 mm, outer integument composed of additional surface layer of tetragonal to hexagonal isodiametric cells.


Phenology: Flowering Jun–Dec.
Habitat: Ephemeral pools
Elevation: 0–400 m

Distribution

V26 11-distribution-map.jpg

Tex., Mexico (Coahuila), Mexico (Nuevo León), Mexico (Tamaulipas)

Discussion

Heteranthera mexicana is very rare and should be considered for national endangered or threatened status. Populations are located in swales and ditches in an area that is subject to irregular rainfall. In several attempts to locate populations during the mid-1980s, the swales were discovered to be dry; yet in 1987, a wet year in south Texas, a population of several thousand individuals was found. This suggests that seeds are adapted to survive at least several years in dry soil.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"elongating" is not a number."/2" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.

... more about "Heteranthera mexicana"
purple +  and yellow +
sagittate;oblong;sagittate;oblong;rounded +
obtuse +  and acuminate +
Charles N. Horn +
S. Watson +
oblong;cordate;oblong;cordate;reniform;oblanceolate +
membranous +
0.59 cm5.9 mm <br />0.0059 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br /> (8.5 cm85 mm <br />0.085 m <br />) +
Tex. +, Mexico (Coahuila) +, Mexico (Nuevo León) +  and Mexico (Tamaulipas) +
0–400 m +
acute;caudate +
purple +  and yellow +
bent +  and inflated +
3-merous +  and sessile +
emersed +  and submersed +
6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br /> (15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br />) +
elongate +
Ephemeral pools +
7-24-flowered +  and spicate +
0.27 cm2.7 mm <br />0.0027 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
petiolate +  and sessile +
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br />) +
emersed +  and submersed +
Single (?) +  and Many (?) +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (?) +  and 0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (?) +
zygomorphic +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (?) +
6-lobed +
glandular-pubescent +
4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br /> (9 cm90 mm <br />0.09 m <br />) +
salverform +
Flowering Jun–Dec. +
3 +  and 1 +
Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts +
12-15-winged +
with longitudinal wings +  and smooth +
0.07 cm0.7 mm <br />7.0e-4 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
10 +  and 200 +
0.06 cm0.6 mm <br />6.0e-4 m <br /> (0.09 cm0.9 mm <br />9.0e-4 m <br />) +
clasping +  and folded +
bractlike +
1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br /> (4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br />) +
Illustrated +
2 +  and 3 +
unequal +
indeterminate +
emersed +  and submersed +
elongate +
3-lobed +
hexagonal +  and tetragonal +
Eurystemon mexicanum +
Heteranthera mexicana +
Heteranthera +
species +
funnel +  and tubular +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +