Hovenia dulcis

Thunberg

Nov. Gen. Pl. 1: 8. 1781.

Common names: Japanese raisin tree
IntroducedIllustrated
Synonyms: Hovenia dulcis var. glabra Makino H. dulcis var. latifolia Nakai ex Y. Kimura
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 12. Treatment on page 68. Mentioned on page 43.

Trees, 5–10 m, branchlets glabrous. Leaves: petiole 2–4.5 cm; blade ovate, broadly oblong, or elliptic-ovate, 7–17 × 4–11 cm, herbaceous, base truncate or rarely cordate to subrounded, margins serrate, apex shortly acuminate or acuminate, both surfaces glabrous or abaxial pilose on major veins. Inflorescences usually terminal, rarely axillary, 50–80-flowered. Flowers 6–8 mm diam.; petals 2.4–2.6 mm. Capsules purplish to black at maturity, subglobose, 6.5–7.5 mm, glabrous.


Phenology: Flowering May–Jun.
Habitat: Cliff bases, suburban woodlots, thickets.
Elevation: 100–300 m.

Distribution

V12 735-distribution-map.jpg

Introduced; N.C., Tex., Asia (China), Asia (Japan), Asia (Korea), Asia (Thailand), also in South America (Argentina), also in South America (Paraguay)

Discussion

Hovenia dulcis is known as naturalized in Texas only from several trees about 10–15 m, growing along the base of a northwest-facing limestone cliff in Austin (Travis County). They probably are the progeny of trees originally cultivated in a nearby University of Texas College of Pharmacy Drug Garden, defunct since the mid 1940s. No seedlings have been observed in the area. In North Carolina, the species was collected in 1949 in woods south of the North Carolina State College University campus in Wake County.

The swollen, juicy peduncles and pedicels of the infructescence are sweet and used for making wine and candy. The timber is used for building construction and high-quality furniture.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.
... more about "Hovenia dulcis"
perigynous +  and epigynous +
acuminate +
Guy L. Nesom +
Thunberg +
rarely cordate +  and subrounded +
not gland-dotted +
7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br /> (17 cm170 mm <br />0.17 m <br />) +
3[-5]-veined +  and pinnate +
spinulose +, spinose +, serrate +  and entire +
denticulate +, dentate +, crenulate +, crenate +  and serrulate +
elliptic-ovate;oblong;elliptic-ovate;oblong;ovate +
4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br /> (11 cm110 mm <br />0.11 m <br />) +
purplish;black +
Japanese raisin tree +
N.C. +, Tex. +, Asia (China) +, Asia (Japan) +, Asia (Korea) +, Asia (Thailand) +, also in South America (Argentina) +  and also in South America (Paraguay) +
100–300 m. +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
Cliff bases, suburban woodlots, thickets. +
free +  and adnate +
hemispheric +
unisexual +  and bisexual +
deciduous +
intrastaminal +
superior +  and inferior +
perigynous +  and epigynous +
yellow-green +  and white +
adnate +  and distinct +
short-clawed +, elliptic +  and ovate +
0.24 cm2.4 mm <br />0.0024 m <br /> (0.26 cm2.6 mm <br />0.0026 m <br />) +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (4.5 cm45 mm <br />0.045 m <br />) +
Flowering May–Jun. +
2-4-carpellate +
Nov. Gen. Pl. +
distinct +
keeled;ovate-triangular;triangular +
Introduced +  and Illustrated +
2 +  and 3 +
Hovenia dulcis var. glabra +  and H. dulcis var. latifolia +
Hovenia dulcis +
species +
deciduous +  and evergreen +
polygamous +, dioecious +  and synoecious +