Hydrangea quercifolia

W. Bartram

Travels Carolina, 382, plate 7. 1791.

Common names: Oak-leaf hydrangea
IllustratedEndemic
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 12. Treatment on page 488. Mentioned on page 487.

Shrubs, 10–20 dm. Twigs densely tomentose, trichomes brown or orangish brown, sometimes white. Leaves opposite; petiole (1–) 1.5–8 (–12.6) cm, densely tomentose; blade suborbiculate to ovate, (2.8–) 7–26.4 × (2.6–) 6.5–26.5 cm, (3–) 5 (–7) -lobed, base truncate to cuneate, margins coarsely serrate, apex acute to acuminate, abaxial surface grayish, pilose to tomentose, trichomes at 40× either smooth, 1–4 mm, or tuberculate, 0.4–1 mm, adaxial surface green, glabrous or sparsely hirsute. Inflorescences open or compact, 500–1000-flowered, ovoid to conic, 9–32 × (6–) 8–14 cm; peduncle 4.3–7.3 cm, sparsely tomentose to hirsute. Pedicels 1–3 mm, usually glabrous, rarely sparsely hirsute. Sterile flowers present, white, greenish white, pink, or reddish, tube 11–31 mm, lobes 4 (–5), obovate to broadly ovate or round, 6–20 × 5–20 mm. Bisexual flowers: hypanthium adnate to ovary to near its apex, 0.9–1.3 × 1.2–2.5 mm, strongly (7–) 8–10-ribbed in fruit, glabrous; sepals deltate to shallowly triangular, (0.3–) 0.5–0.9 × 0.5–1 mm, margins entire, apex acute to acuminate, abaxial surface glabrous; petals caducous, white or yellowish white, elliptic, oblong, or spatulate, 1.5–2.6 × 0.7–1.4 mm; filaments 2.5–5 (–6) × 0.1–0.2 mm; anthers 0.3–0.6 mm; pistil 2–4-carpellate, ovary completely inferior; styles 2–4, distinct, 1.5–2.5 mm. Capsules hemispheric to suburceolate, 1.5–2.5 × 2–2.5 mm. Seeds 0.6–0.8 mm. 2n = 36.


Phenology: Flowering (Apr–)May–Jul.
Habitat: Deciduous forests, pine-oak forests, ravines, ledges.
Elevation: 20–400 m.

Distribution

V12 664-distribution-map.jpg

Ala., Conn., Fla., Ga., La., Miss., N.C., S.C., Tenn.

Discussion

Hydrangea quercifolia is a popular ornamental in the eastern United States, prized for its distinctive leaves, showy inflorescences, and fall color. It is introduced and naturalized in Connecticut and North Carolina, and in South Carolina is native only in the extreme western part and naturalized elsewhere. The brownish color often seen in the trichomes is imparted by tanninlike substances (W. L. Stern 1978). M. A. Dirr (2004) listed nearly 40 cultivars derived from the species.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"connate" is not a number. "distinct" is not a number.

... more about "Hydrangea quercifolia"
glabrous +, pilose +  and tomentose +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
distinct +
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
tapered +, or +, , +, flattened +  and terete +
0.01 cm0.1 mm <br />1.0e-4 m <br /> (0.02 cm0.2 mm <br />2.0e-4 m <br />) +
perigynous +  and epigynous +
oblong;depressed-ovoid +
0.03 cm0.3 mm <br />3.0e-4 m <br /> (0.06 cm0.6 mm <br />6.0e-4 m <br />) +
0.9mm;1.3mm +
acute +  and acuminate +
1.2mm;2.5mm +
Craig C. Freeman +
W. Bartram +
exfoliating +
truncate +  and cuneate +
2.8 cm28 mm <br />0.028 m <br /> (7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br />) +
2.6 cm26 mm <br />0.026 m <br /> (6.5 cm65 mm <br />0.065 m <br />) +
7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br /> (26.4 cm264 mm <br />0.264 m <br />) +
(3-)5(-7)-lobed +, suborbiculate +  and ovate +
6.5 cm65 mm <br />0.065 m <br /> (26.5 cm265 mm <br />0.265 m <br />) +
arching;spreading;ascending;spreading;ascending;erect +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br />) +
hemispheric +  and suburceolate +
coriaceous +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br />) +
Oak-leaf hydrangea +
Ala. +, Conn. +, Fla. +, Ga. +, La. +, Miss. +, N.C. +, S.C. +  and Tenn. +
20–400 m. +
reddish +, pink +, greenish white +  and white +
bisexual +  and sterile +
loculicidal +  and septicidal +
intercostal +  and interstylar +
Deciduous forests, pine-oak forests, ravines, ledges. +
hemispheric +  and campanulate +
500-1000-flowered +, compact +  and open +
6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br /> (8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br />) +
9 cm90 mm <br />0.09 m <br /> (32 cm320 mm <br />0.32 m <br />) +
axillary +  and terminal +
ovoid +  and conic +
8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br /> (14 cm140 mm <br />0.14 m <br />) +
deciduous +
obovate;broadly ovate or round +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
acrodromous +  and pinnate +
entire +  and serrate +
serrate to serrulate +
hirsute +  and glabrous +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
sparsely tomentose +  and hirsute +
4.3 cm43 mm <br />0.043 m <br /> (7.3 cm73 mm <br />0.073 m <br />) +
perigynous +  and epigynous +
yellowish white +  and white +
1.5mm;2.6mm +
reflexed +  and spreading +
spatulate +, oblong +  and elliptic +
0.07 cm0.7 mm <br />7.0e-4 m <br /> (0.14 cm1.4 mm <br />0.0014 m <br />) +
8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br /> (12.6 cm126 mm <br />0.126 m <br />) +
1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br /> (8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br />) +
Flowering (Apr–)May–Jul. +
2-4-carpellate +
elliptic;circular +
Travels Carolina, +
light-brown +  and dark-brown +
10 +  and 40 +
ellipsoid +  and fusiform +
0.06 cm0.6 mm <br />6.0e-4 m <br /> (0.08 cm0.8 mm <br />8.0e-4 m <br />) +
0.03 cm0.3 mm <br />3.0e-4 m <br /> (0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br />) +
persistent +
connate +  and distinct +
reflexed +  and spreading +
hairy +  and glabrous +
deltate +  and shallowly triangular +
enlarged +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
reddish-brown +, brown +  and grayish +
Illustrated +  and Endemic +
free +, connate +  and distinct +
spreading;ascending;spreading;ascending;erect +
2 +  and 12 +
persistent +
distinct +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br />) +
Hydrangea quercifolia +
Hydrangea +
species +
branched +  and simple +
white +, orangish brown +  and brown +
tuberculate +
0.04 cm0.4 mm <br />4.0e-4 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
1.1 cm11 mm <br />0.011 m <br /> (3.1 cm31 mm <br />0.031 m <br />) +
deciduous +  and evergreen +