Iodanthus pinnatifidus

(Michaux) Steudel

Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1: 812. 1840.

Common names: Purple- or violet-rocket
IllustratedEndemic
Basionym: Hesperis pinnatifida Michaux Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 31. 1803
Synonyms: Arabis hesperidoides (Torrey & A. Gray) A. Gray Cheiranthus hesperidoides Torrey & A. Gray Iodanthus hesperidoides (Torrey & A. Gray) Torrey & A. Gray Thelypodium pinnatifidum (Michaux) S. Watson
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 7. Treatment on page 485.

Stems 3–8 (–10) dm, striate. Cauline leaves: (proximal) petiole (0.5–) 1–4 cm, (narrowly to broadly winged), distal sessile; blade lanceolate, ovate, elliptic, or oblong, (3–) 4–12 (–15) cm × (12–) 20–55 (–70) mm, base cuneate to attenuate, or (distalmost) minutely to coarsely auriculate, margins usually minutely to coarsely, regularly or irregularly, dentate or serrate, rarely subentire, apex acute to acuminate, surfaces glabrous or pubescent. Fruiting pedicels straight or slightly curved upward, (2–) 3–8 (–9) mm (nearly as thick as fruit). Flowers: sepals 3–6 × 1–1.5 mm, glabrous or subapically pilose; petals 7–12 (–14) × 1.5–2.5 (–3) mm, attenuate to claw (claw 4–7 mm); filaments 3–6 mm; anthers 2–2.5 mm; gynophore obsolete or to 1 mm. Fruits usually divaricate to ascending, rarely erect, (1.5–) 2–3.5 (–4) cm × 1–1.5 mm; style (1–) 2–4 mm. Seeds 1.2–1.5 × 0.7–1 mm.


Phenology: Flowering late Apr-early Jul.
Habitat: Shaded banks, thickets, wooded ravines, limestone or sandstone bluffs, bottomland woods, swamps, flood plains, creeks, streamsides
Elevation: 50-300 m

Distribution

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Ala., Ark., Ill., Ind., Iowa, Kans., Ky., Md., Minn., Mo., Ohio, Okla., Pa., Tenn., Tex., W.Va.

Discussion

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"elongated" is not a number."thick" is not a number."dm" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property."dm" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.

... more about "Iodanthus pinnatifidus"
linear +  and narrowly oblong +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> - 0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> +
acute +  and acuminate +
Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz +
- Michaux Steudel +
cuneate +  and attenuate or +
Hesperis pinnatifida +
appendaged +  and unappendaged +
12 cm120 mm <br />0.12 m <br /> - 15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br /> +
5.5 cm55 mm <br />0.055 m <br /> - 7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br /> +
4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br /> - 12 cm120 mm <br />0.12 m <br /> +
not +  and lobed +
oblong;elliptic;oblong;elliptic;ovate;lanceolate +
much smaller +  and reduced +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> - 5.5 cm55 mm <br />0.055 m <br /> +
urceolate +, campanulate +  and tubular +
branched +  and simple +
sessile +  and petiolate +
well-developed +
distinct +
differentiated +
Purple- or violet-rocket +
emarginate +  and entire +
Ala. +, Ark. +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Iowa +, Kans. +, Ky. +, Md. +, Minn. +, Mo. +, Ohio +, Okla. +, Pa. +, Tenn. +, Tex. +  and W.Va. +
50-300 m +
straight +  and curved +
not winged +  and unappendaged +
connate +  and distinct +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> - 0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> +
actinomorphic +
latiseptate +  and unsegmented +
3.5 cm35 mm <br />0.035 m <br /> - 4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br /> +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> - 3.5 cm35 mm <br />0.035 m <br /> +
erect +  and ascending +
angustiseptate +, 4-angled +  and terete +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> - 0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> +
stipitate +  and sessile +
0-1 mm +  and obsolete +
Shaded banks, thickets, wooded ravines, limestone or sandstone bluffs, bottomland woods, swamps, flood plains, creeks, streamsides +
sessile +  and petiolate +
alternate +, not +  and rosulate +
cauline +  and basal +
connate +  and distinct +
decurrent +
serrate +  and dentate +
subentire +
tenuinucellate +, crassinucellate +  and bitegmic +
campylotropous +  and anatropous +
1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br /> - 1.4 cm14 mm <br />0.014 m <br /> +
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> - 0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> +
white +, pink +  and purple +
7mm;12mm +
rudimentary +
attenuate +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> - 0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> - 1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> - 4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br /> +
Flowering late Apr-early Jul. +
trinucleate +  and 3 - -11-colpate +
Nomencl. Bot., ed. +
stout +  and slender +
mucilaginous +
uniseriate +  and biseriate +
not +  and mucilaginous +
white +, black +, brown +  and yellow +
0.12 cm1.2 mm <br />0.0012 m <br /> - 0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> +
0.07 cm0.7 mm <br />7.0e-4 m <br /> - 0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> +
persistent +  and caducous +
distinct +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> - 0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> +
erect +  and ascending +
pilose +  and glabrous +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> - 0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> +
reduced +
latiseptate +  and unsegmented +
angustiseptate +, 4-angled +  and terete +
latiseptate +  and unsegmented +
angustiseptate +, 4-angled +  and terete +
Illustrated +  and Endemic +
tetradynamous +
procumbent +  and decumbent +
2-lobed +, entire +, conical +  and capitate +
subsessile +, sessile +  and petiolate +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> - 0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> +
persistent +
distinct +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> - 0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> - 0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br /> +
curved +  and straight +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> - 0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> +
Arabis hesperidoides +, Cheiranthus hesperidoides +, Iodanthus hesperidoides +  and Thelypodium pinnatifidum +
Iodanthus pinnatifidus +
Iodanthus +
species +
scale-like +  and forked +
coiled +, 1-7-veined +  and veined +
anastomosing +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
rhizomatous +, taprooted +, scapose +  and not +
perennial +, biennial +  and annual +
subshrub +  and herb +
aquatics +  and terrestrial +
glabrous +  and pubescent +