Iris virginica

Linnaeus

Sp. Pl. 1: 39. 1753.

Common names: Southern blue flag iris de Virginie
IllustratedEndemic
Synonyms: Iris caroliniana S. Watson Iris georgiana Britton Iris shrevei Small Iris virginica var. shrevei (Small) E. S. Anderson
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 26. Treatment on page 390. Mentioned on page 374, 388.

Rhizomes many-branched, forming dense clumps, 2–4 cm diam., usually covered with remnants of old leaves; roots fleshy. Stems rather weak, often falling over after flowering, solid, usually 1-branched, 5–10 dm. Leaves: basal erect or often flexible, blade gray-green to bright green, buff to purplish basally, with several prominent ribs in mature leaves, linear-ensiform, 6–8 dm × 2.5–3 cm, apex acute. Inflorescence units 2–3-flowered, branch units 1–2-flowered; spathes compact, often with brown striations, ridged, unequal, outer 3–8 cm, inner 8–14 cm, firm, herbaceous. Flowers: perianth lavender to violet, rarely white; floral-tube constricted above ovary, 1–2 cm; sepals spreading and arched, pale blue to purple with darker blue or purple lines, obovate to oval, 4–8.4 × 1.6–4 cm, base abruptly attenuate, claw green in median, bordered by yellow ground with blue or purple lines, yellow extending onto base of limb as finely pubescent signal patch; petals oblong-lanceolate to oblong-spatulate, 3–7 × 1–3 cm, claw greenish yellow with blue or purplish lines, apex often emarginate; ovary trigonal, 1.3–3.8 cm; style inwardly auriculate at convergences, 3–4.5 cm, crests reflexed, 0.7–2 cm; stigmas unlobed, with prominent triangular tongues, margins entire; pedicel 2.5–8 cm. Capsules ovoid, ellipsoid, or long-cylindric, trigonal or polygonal in cross-section, 3–6 × 1–2 cm. Seeds in 2 rows per locule, pale-brown, usually D-shaped, 5–8 mm, pitted, corky. 2n = 70, 72.


Phenology: Flowering May–Jun.
Habitat: Wetlands, margins of lakes and streams

Distribution

V26 800-distribution-map.jpg

Ont., Que., Ala., Ark., D.C., Fla., Ga., Ill., Ind., Iowa, Kans., Ky., La., Md., Mich., Minn., Miss., Mo., Nebr., N.Y., N.C., Ohio, Okla., Pa., S.C., Tenn., Tex., Va., W.Va., Wis.

Discussion

Plants of Iris virginica from the southeastern and south-central states having stems 2–3-branched and seldom falling to the ground after flowering, and with capsules long-cylindric have been recognized as var. shrevei.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"dm" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property."decreasing" is not a number."dm" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.

... more about "Iris virginica"
dehiscing +  and latrorse +
Norlan C. Henderson +
Linnaeus +
attenuate +
Iris subsect. Laevigatae +
gray-green +  and bright green buff +
linear-ensiform +
2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br /> (3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br />) +
additional +
cordlike +
enlarging +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br />) +
polygonal +, long-cylindric +, ellipsoid +  and ovoid +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (?) +  and 2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (?) +
Southern blue flag +  and iris de Virginie +
0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br /> (?) +  and 2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (?) +
monochasial +
Ont. +, Que. +, Ala. +, Ark. +, D.C. +, Fla. +, Ga. +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Iowa +, Kans. +, Ky. +, La. +, Md. +, Mich. +, Minn. +, Miss. +, Mo. +, Nebr. +, N.Y. +, N.C. +, Ohio +, Okla. +, Pa. +, S.C. +, Tenn. +, Tex. +, Va. +, W.Va. +  and Wis. +
distinct or;partly completely connate +
hollow +  and solid +
ridged +  and terete +
constricted +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
sessile +  and pedicellate +
fragrant +
upward-facing +
hollow +, solid +, branched +  and simple +
flattened +, terete +  and cordlike +
indehiscent +  and loculicidal +
woody;firm;cartilaginous +
Wetlands, margins of lakes and streams +
multicellular +
distinct +
mature +  and old +
cauline +  and basal +
scale-like +
purplish +, blue +, purple +  and darker blue +
distinct +
conspicuous +
triangular +  and rounded +
6-angled +, 3-angled +  and terete +
1.3 cm13 mm <br />0.013 m <br /> (3.8 cm38 mm <br />0.038 m <br />) +
2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br /> (8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br />) +
white +, lavender +  and violet +
4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br /> (18 cm180 mm <br />0.18 m <br />) +
differentiated +
reflexed +, spreading +  and erect +
oblong-lanceolate +  and oblong-spatulate +
reduced +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (?) +  and 3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (?) +
Flowering May–Jun. +
many-branched +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br />) +
heterogeneous +
prominent +
tan;dark-brown +
conspicuously roughened +  and extensively corky +
pale-brown +
4 +  and 20 +
d--shaped +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
pale blue +  and purple +
obovate +  and oval +
expanding +
1.6 cm16 mm <br />0.016 m <br /> (4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br />) +
persisting +
inner +  and outer +
unequal +
8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br /> (14 cm140 mm <br />0.14 m <br />) +
Illustrated +  and Endemic +
monochasial +
1-branched +  and solid +
auriculate +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (?) +  and 4.5 cm45 mm <br />0.045 m <br /> (?) +
Iris caroliniana +, Iris georgiana +, Iris shrevei +  and Iris virginica var. shrevei +
Iris virginica +
Iris (sect. Limniris) ser. Laevigatae +
species +
connate +  and distinct +
scarious +
triangular +
spathaceous +  and more-flowered +
obscure;prominent +
indehiscent +
hardened +  and papery +
unequal +