familyAsteraceae
tribeAsteraceae tribe Heliantheae
subtribeAsteraceae (tribe Heliantheae) subtribe Ambrosiinae
genusIva
speciesIva frutescens

Iva frutescens

Linnaeus

Sp. Pl. 2: 989. 1753.

John L. Strother
IllustratedEndemic
Synonyms: Iva frutescens subsp. oraria (Bartlett) R. C. Jackson Iva frutescens var. oraria (Bartlett) Fernald & Griscom
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 26.
Please click on the illustration for a higher resolution version.
Illustrator: Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey

Copyright: Flora of North America Association

Subshrubs or shrubs, 50–350 cm. Stems erect. Leaves: petioles 5–10+ mm; blades ovate or elliptic to lanceolate, 30–60 (–120+) × 5–30 (–40) mm, margins usually toothed, faces closely scabrellous, glanddotted. Heads in ± racemiform arrays. Peduncles 1–3+ mm. Involucres ± hemispheric, 2–4 mm. Phyllaries: outer 5 distinct, ± herbaceous. Paleae linear to subulate, 2.5–3 mm. Pistillate florets (2–) 5; corollas 0.7–1 mm. Functionally staminate florets 3–8 (–15+); corollas 2–3 mm. Cypselae 2–3 mm. 2n = 34.


Phenology: Flowering Jul–Oct.
Habitat: Mostly tidelands, brackish to saline marshes, beaches
Elevation: 0–10 m

Distribution

V21-42-distribution-map.gif

N.S., Ala., Conn., Del., Fla., Ga., La., Maine, Md., Mass., Miss., N.H., N.J., N.Y., N.C., Pa., R.I., S.C., Tex., Va.

Discussion

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.
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2n chromosome quantity
34 +
Anther base shape
not tailed +, rounded +  and obtuse +
Anther dehiscence
introrse +
Anther fusion
connate +
Anther theca coloration
pale +
Apex fusion
connate +  and distinct +
Apex growth form or texture
herbaceous +
Apex size
subequal +
Apex texture
scarious +
Apical appendage presence
absent +
Apical appendage shape
usually ovate +  and lanceolate +
Appendage pubescence
hirsute +
Appendage relief
papillate +
Appendage shape
usually deltate +  and lanceolate +
Array architecture
racemiform +
Array development
indeterminate +  and determinate +
Author
John L. Strother +
Authority
Linnaeus +
Band architecture
continuous +
Band quantity
1 +
Base shape
decurrent +
Blade architecture
compound +  and simple +
Blade atypical length
6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br /> (12 cm120 mm <br />0.12 m <br />) +
Blade atypical width
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br />) +
Blade length
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br />) +
Blade shape
elliptic;lanceolate +
Blade width
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br />) +
Body architecture
winged;ribbed;winged;ribbed +
Body architecture or pubescence or relief
smooth +
Body relief
tuberculate +  and rugose +
Bractlet quantity
1;15 +
Branch arrangement or course or shape
linear +
Branch structure in adjective form
stigmatic +
Bristle architecture
barbellulate +  and barbellate +
Bristle shape
Plumose (?) +
Calyculus presence
absent +
Calyculus quantity
Of 1 (15+ bractlets) +
Corolla architecture
zygomorphic +
Corolla coloration
whitish +  and pinkish +
Corolla shape
tubular +
Corolla some measurement
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
Cypsela architecture
monomorphic +
Cypsela architecture or pubescence or relief
smooth +
Cypsela architecture or shape
beaked +
Cypsela growth form
dimorphic +
Cypsela pubescence
hispidulous +
Cypsela relief
scabrellous +
Cypsela shape
obcompressed +, plumply obovoid +  and pyriform +
Cypsela some measurement
2mm;3mm +
Disc floret architecture
staminate +
Disc floret quantity
5 (60) +
Disc floret reproduction
fertile +  and bisexual +
Distribution
N.S. +, Ala. +, Conn. +, Del. +, Fla. +, Ga. +, La. +, Maine +, Md. +, Mass. +, Miss. +, N.H. +, N.J. +, N.Y. +, N.C. +, Pa. +, R.I. +, S.C. +, Tex. +  and Va. +
Elevation
0–10 m +
Embryo course
straight +
Face pubescence
glabrous +
Face relief
scabrellous +
Filament fusion
distinct +
Floret architecture
staminate +  and pistillate +
Floret atypical quantity
8;15 +
Floret position
proximal +
Floret presence
absent +
Floret quantity
3;8 +
Floret reproduction
bisexual +
Fruit architecture
winged +  and beaked +
Fruit condition or texture
dry +
Fruit density
dispersed +
Glomerule arrangement
singly +
Habitat
Mostly tidelands, brackish to saline marshes, beaches +
Head architecture or arrangement
radiate +
Head architecture or shape
disciform +  and discoid +
Head arrangement
in corymbiform , glomerate , paniculiform , racemiform or spiciform , arrays +  and singly +
Head development
indeterminate +
Head reproduction
homogamous +  and heterogamous +
Illustration
Present +
Illustration copyright
Flora of North America Association +
Illustrator
Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey +
Individual head architecture
each +  and sessile +
Inner phyllary texture
scarious +  and membranous +
Involucre diameter
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
Involucre position relational
surrounding +
Involucre shape
hemispheric +
Involucre some measurement
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
Lamina prominence
conspicuous +
Leaf architecture
sessile +  and petiolate +
Leaf arrangement
opposite +
Leaf position
cauline +
Line quantity
2 +
Lobe atypical quantity
3 (5) +
Lobe orientation
reflexed +
Lobe quantity
5 (?) +
Lobe shape
deltate +
Margin architecture or shape
dentate to pinnatifid or palmatifid +  and entire +
Margin shape
toothed +
Number of lower taxa
0 +
Outer phyllary fusion
distinct +
Outer phyllary growth form or texture
herbaceous +
Outer phyllary quantity
5 +
Ovary architecture
2-carpellate +
Ovary architecture or structure in adjective form
1-locular +
Ovary position
inferior +
Ovule fixation
attached +
Ovule orientation
anatropous +
Ovule quantity
1 +
Palea quantity
wanting +
Palea shape
linear;subulate +
Palea some measurement
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
Palea texture
membranous +
Pappus duration
persistent +
Pappus life cycle
falling +
Pappus presence
absent +
Peduncle some measurement
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
Pericarp fragility
tough +
Pericarp width
thick +
Peripheral floret presence
absent +
Peripheral floret quantity
1 (10) +
Petal fusion
connate +
Petiole some measurement
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
Phenology
Flowering Jul–Oct. +
Phyllary atypical quantity
3 (5) +
Phyllary duration
persistent +
Phyllary fusion
connate +  and distinct +
Phyllary growth form or texture
herbaceous +
Phyllary life cycle
falling +
Phyllary quantity
3 +  and 15 +
Phyllary shape
Lanceovate (Linear) +
Phyllary size
unequal +  and subequal +
Phyllary texture
Herbaceous (Chartaceous) +
Publication title
Sp. Pl. +
Publication year
1753 +
Ray-floret architecture
pistillate +
Ray-floret atypical quantity
5 (8) +
Ray-floret presence
absent +
Ray-floret quantity
5 (?) +
Ray-floret reproduction
fertile +
Receptacle architecture
paleate +
Receptacle pubescence
bearing subulate enations +, hairy +  and bristly +
Receptacle shape
convex;hemispheric +
Reference
None +
Root texture
fibrous +
Seed architecture
exalbuminous +
Seed quantity
1 +
Sepal variability
modifed +
Series atypical quantity
8 (12) +
Series quantity
1;3 +
Source xml
https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V19-20-21/V21 42.xml +
Special status
Illustrated +  and Endemic +
Stamen arrangement
alternate +
Stamen atypical quantity
4 (5) +
Stamen quantity
5 +
Stem architecture
branched +
Stem growth form or orientation
decumbent +  and sprawling +
Stem orientation
erect +
Stigmatic papilla presence
absent +
Style-branch architecture
appendaged +  and truncate +
Style architecture
2-branched +
Style pubescence
hirsutulous +  and glabrous +
Style quantity
1 +
Style relief
papillate +
Synonyms
Iva frutescens subsp. oraria +  and Iva frutescens var. oraria +
Taxon family
Asteraceae +
Taxon name
Iva frutescens +
Taxon parent
Iva +
Taxon rank
species +
Throat shape
campanulate +  and cylindric +
Tube length or size
longer +
Ultimate margin shape
toothed +  and entire +
Volume
Volume 21 +
Whole-organism duration
perennial +  and annual +
Whole organism atypical some measurement
150 cm1,500 mm <br />1.5 m <br /> (400 cm4,000 mm <br />4 m <br />) +
Whole organism growth form
shrub +  and subshrub +
Whole organism some measurement
50cm (350cm) +
X chromosome quantity
18 +