Krigia biflora

(Walter) S. F. Blake

Rhodora 17: 135. 1915.

Common names: Orange dwarfdandelion
Endemic
Basionym: Hyoseris biflora Walter Fl. Carol., 194. 1788
Synonyms: Cynthia virginica (Linnaeus) D. Don ex de Candolle Cynthia viridis Standley H. amplexicaulis Michaux Krigia amplexicaulis (Michaux) Nuttall Krigia biflora var. viridis (Standley) K. J. Kim Tragopogon virginicus
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 19. Treatment on page 364. Mentioned on page 363, 365.

Perennials, 10–70 cm; caudices stout, fibrous-rooted (sometimes propagating by adventitious-buds on roots). Stems 1–5+, erect, scapiform, eglandular or glandular-villous distally. Leaves mostly basal (rosettes), some cauline (proximal); petioles ± winged; blades oblanceolate to obovate or spatulate, 5–25 cm, margins entire or remotely dentate to pinnately lobed, lobes narrow to bluntly triangular or rounded, apices acute to obtuse or rounded, faces glabrous, eglandular (usually glaucous); cauline 1–4, sessile, lanceolate, bases sheathing or auriculate-clasping, usually entire, distalmost sometimes reduced, bractlike. Heads (2–) 3–20+. Peduncles usually in groups of 2–6 from axils of single or paired distal cauline bracts. Involucres 7–11 mm. Phyllaries 8–18, reflexed in fruit, lanceolate, midveins obscure, apices acute, faces glabrous. Florets 25–60; corollas orange or yellow-orange, 15–25 mm. Cypselae reddish-brown, columnar, 2–2.5 mm, 12–15-ribbed; pappi of ca. 10 outer scales 0.3–0.5 mm plus 20–40, barbellulate inner bristles 4.5–5.5 mm. 2n = 10, 20.


Phenology: Flowering Apr–Aug.
Habitat: Sandy, loam, or humus soils, shaded mixed mesophytic, beach-maple, oak-pine, and oak-hickory woods. often near streams, meadows, moist prairies, and Madrean woodlands
Elevation: 10–2300 m

Distribution

V19-579-distribution-map.gif

Man., Ont., Ala., Ariz., Ark., Colo., Conn., Del., Ga., Ill., Ind., Iowa, Kans., Ky., Md., Mass., Mich., Minn., Miss., Mo., N.J., N.Mex., N.Y., N.C., Ohio, Okla., Pa., R.I., Tenn., Va., W.Va., Wis.

Discussion

Krigia biflora is known from the Eastern deciduous forest biome, tallgrass prairie, Rocky Mountain forest, and Madrean woodlands. It appears to spread clonally by adventitious buds on the roots. It is related to the more leafy-stemmed, freely branching K. montana (K. J. Kim and B. L. Turner 1992); their habital differences are less clear where they are sympatric in the southern Appalachians. An alloploid hybrid between them has become established (see 3. K. montana).

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"fine" is not a number.

... more about "Krigia biflora"
acute;acute;obtuse or rounded +
reduced +
scarious +
ovate +  and lanceolate +
paniculiform +  and corymbiform +
indeterminate +  and determinate +
Kenton L. Chambers +  and Robert J. O’Kennon +
(Walter) S. F. Blake +
auriculate-clasping +  and sheathing +
decurrent +
Hyoseris biflora +
compound +  and simple +
oblanceolate;obovate or spatulate +
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (25 cm250 mm <br />0.25 m <br />) +
tuberculate +, rugose +, muricate +  and smooth +
filiform +
fibrous-rooted +
Orange dwarfdandelion +
zygomorphic +, actinomorphic +  and (3-)5-merous +
yellow-orange +  and orange +
1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +
reddish-brown +
Man. +, Ont. +, Ala. +, Ariz. +, Ark. +, Colo. +, Conn. +, Del. +, Ga. +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Iowa +, Kans. +, Ky. +, Md. +, Mass. +, Mich. +, Minn. +, Miss. +, Mo. +, N.J. +, N.Mex. +, N.Y. +, N.C. +, Ohio +, Okla. +, Pa. +, R.I. +, Tenn. +, Va. +, W.Va. +  and Wis. +
10–2300 m +
winged +  and beaked +
dispersed +
Sandy, loam, or humus soils, shaded mixed mesophytic, beach-maple, oak-pine, and oak-hickory woods. often near streams, meadows, moist prairies, and Madrean woodlands +
indeterminate +
each +  and sessile +
0.45 cm4.5 mm <br />0.0045 m <br /> (0.55 cm5.5 mm <br />0.0055 m <br />) +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br />) +
turbinate;campanulate +
0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br /> (1.1 cm11 mm <br />0.011 m <br />) +
rounded +  and triangular +
remotely dentate to pinnately lobed +  and entire +
lobed +, denticulate +  and entire +
0.03 cm0.3 mm <br />3.0e-4 m <br /> (0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br />) +
2-carpellate +
persistent +
20 +  and 40 +
Flowering Apr–Aug. +
connate +  and distinct +
8 +  and 18 +
subequal +  and unequal +
low-convex;flat +
10 +  and 20 +
brownish;yellowish +
exalbuminous +
glandular-villous +
1 +  and 5 +
scapiform +
appendaged +  and truncate +
papillate +
Cynthia virginica +, Cynthia viridis +, H. amplexicaulis +, Krigia amplexicaulis +, Krigia biflora var. viridis +  and Tragopogon virginicus +
Krigia biflora +
species +
globose +
taprooted +  and fibrous-rooted +
10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br /> (70 cm700 mm <br />0.7 m <br />) +
shrub +  and subshrub +
9] +, [6 +  and 5 +