Lactuca floridana

(Linnaeus) Gaertner

Fruct. Sem. Pl. 2: 362. 1791.

Endemic
Basionym: Sonchus floridanus Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 2: 794. 1753
Synonyms: Lactuca floridana var. villosa (Jacquin) Cronquist Mulgedium floridanum
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 19. Treatment on page 261. Mentioned on page 260.

Annuals or biennials, 25–150 (–200+) cm. Leaves on proximal 2/3–3/4 of each stem; blades of undivided cauline leaves oblong, ovate, or elliptic, margins entire or denticulate, midribs sometimes sparsely pilose. Heads in (± pyramidal) paniculiform arrays. Involucres (8–) 10–12+ mm. Phyllaries usually reflexed in fruit. Florets 10–15 (–25+); corollas bluish or whitish, seldom deliquescent. Cypselae: bodies brown (often mottled), ± compressed-lanceoloid to fusiform, 4–5 mm, beaks ± stout, 0.1–0.5 (–1) mm, faces 5–6-nerved; pappi white, 4–5 mm. 2n = 34.


Phenology: Flowering (Jun–)Aug–Sep(–Oct).
Habitat: Moist to wet places, margins of thickets and woods
Elevation: 10–200 m

Distribution

V19-349-distribution-map.gif

Man., Ont., Ala., Ark., Del., D.C., Fla., Ga., Ill., Ind., Iowa, Kans., Ky., La., Md., Mass., Mich., Miss., Mo., Nebr., N.J., N.Y., N.C., Ohio, Okla., Pa., S.C., S.Dak., Tenn., Tex., Va., W.Va., Wis.

Discussion

The “double” pappi of Lactuca floridana (and L. biennis) are very similar to pappi found in species assigned to Cicerbita Wallroth (ca. 35 spp., Europe, Asia, Africa). Return of the species to Cicerbita as C. floridana (Linnaeus) Wallroth may have merit.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"fine" is not a number.

... more about "Lactuca floridana"
obtuse;acute +
scarious +
ovate +  and lanceolate +
paniculiform +
indeterminate +  and determinate +
John L. Strother +
(Linnaeus) Gaertner +
decurrent +
Sonchus floridanus +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
filiform +
0.01 cm0.1 mm <br />1.0e-4 m <br /> (0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br />) +
compound +  and simple +
lanceolate;oblanceolate linear or filiform +
tuberculate +, rugose +, muricate +  and smooth +
less compressed-lanceoloid;fusiform +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
deltate;lanceolate +
filiform +
simple +, barbellulate +  and nearly smooth +
zygomorphic +, actinomorphic +  and (3-)5-merous +
whitish +  and bluish +
fuscous +  and white +
subtending +
0.005 cm0.05 mm <br />5.0e-5 m <br /> (0.02 cm0.2 mm <br />2.0e-4 m <br />) +
purplish +  and blackish +
tapered +, beaked +, flattened +, obcompressed +, compressed +, prismatic +, fusiform +, ellipsoid +, columnar +  and clavate +
Man. +, Ont. +, Ala. +, Ark. +, Del. +, D.C. +, Fla. +, Ga. +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Iowa +, Kans. +, Ky. +, La. +, Md. +, Mass. +, Mich. +, Miss. +, Mo. +, Nebr. +, N.J. +, N.Y. +, N.C. +, Ohio +, Okla. +, Pa. +, S.C. +, S.Dak. +, Tenn. +, Tex. +, Va. +, W.Va. +  and Wis. +
10–200 m +
rugulose +
winged +  and beaked +
dispersed +
Moist to wet places, margins of thickets and woods +
in corymbiform to paniculiform arrays +  and singly +
indeterminate +
each +  and sessile +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
campanulate;cylindric +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br />) +
petiolate +  and sessile +
cauline +  and basal +
denticulate +  and entire +
2-carpellate +
persistent +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
Flowering (Jun–)Aug–Sep(–Oct). +
connate +  and distinct +
5 +  and 13 +
Fruct. Sem. Pl. +
flat;convex +
1 +  and 9 +
exalbuminous +
hairy +  and glabrous +
appendaged +  and truncate +
papillate +
Lactuca floridana var. villosa +  and Mulgedium floridanum +
Lactuca floridana +
species +
150 cm1,500 mm <br />1.5 m <br /> (200 cm2,000 mm <br />2 m <br />) +
biennial +  and annual +
25 cm250 mm <br />0.25 m <br /> (150 cm1,500 mm <br />1.5 m <br />) +
shrub +  and subshrub +