Linaria bipartita

(Ventenat) Willdenow

Enum. Pl., 640. 1809.

Common names: Clovenlip toadflax
Introduced
Basionym: Antirrhinum bipartitum Ventenat Descr. Pl. Nouv., plate 82. 1802
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 17. Treatment on page 32. Mentioned on page 27, 28, 33.

Annuals, not reproducing vegetatively by stolons. Fertile stems erect, 8–65 cm; sterile stems to 11 cm. Leaves of fertile stems: blade linear to linear-oblong, flat, 5–57 × 0.5–3.5 mm, apex acute or obtuse. Racemes 1–35-flowered, lax or ± dense in flower, lax in fruit, rachis glabrous or sparsely glandular-hairy, hairs 0.1–0.3 mm; bracts linear to linear-lanceolate, rarely lanceolate, 4–8 × 0.5–2.5 mm. Pedicels erect, 1–7 mm in flower, 2.5–9 mm in fruit. Calyx lobes lanceolate, 3–5 × 0.7–1.5 mm in flower, 3–6 × 1–2 mm in fruit, apex acute or subacute. Corollas purple, mauve, or violet, usually with yellow palate, 17–24 mm; tube 2–3.5 mm wide, spurs straight or curved, 8–14 mm, usually longer than rest of corolla, abaxial lip sinus 0.7–1.5 mm, adaxial lip sinus 1.5–3.5 mm. Styles 2-fid; stigma with 2 discrete areas. Capsules oblong-ovoid, 4.5–7 × 3.8–6.3 mm, glabrous or sparsely glandular-pubescent; loculi equal or subequal. Seeds dark gray to black, reniform or subtrigonous, 0.5–0.7 × 0.3–0.5 mm, with ± conspicuous transverse ridges; wing absent. 2n = 12 (Africa).


Phenology: Flowering Apr–Sep.
Habitat: Waste ground, roadsides.
Elevation: 0–1200 m.

Distribution

Introduced; Que., Ariz., Calif., N.J., Va., n Africa (Morocco)

Discussion

Glabrous plants (without hairs on the inflorescence axis, calyx bracts, and pedicels) are included in Linaria bipartita. This is the main feature to distinguish it from L. maroccana in absence of mature fruits. Single collections have been found that include both glabrous plants and ones with sparsely hairy calyces and pedicels on the same sheet (for example, New Jersey, Somerset County, Watchung, 11 July 1931, Moldenke 1900, NY), suggesting that L. bipartita may be polymorphic with respect to this feature.

Some specimens of Linaria bipartita have been reported as L. incarnata (Ventenat) Sprengel, which is easily separable from L. bipartita by its densely hairy inflorescences [multicellular glandular hairs (0.1–)0.3–1 mm, with purple to violet transverse walls]. At present, there is no specimen evidence of L. incarnata occurring in North America.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.
... more about "Linaria bipartita"
erect-patent;patent +
subacute +, acute +  and obtuse +
discrete +
Llorenç Sáez Goñalons +
(Ventenat) Willdenow +
alternate +, opposite +, whorled +, helical +  and subopposite +
Antirrhinum bipartitum +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (5.7 cm57 mm <br />0.057 m <br />) +
linear;linear-oblong +
not leathery +  and fleshy +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br />) +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
lanceolate;linear;linear-lanceolate +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br />) +
0.7mm;1.5mm +
0.45 cm4.5 mm <br />0.0045 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
glandular-pubescent +  and glabrous +
oblong-ovoid +
0.38 cm3.8 mm <br />0.0038 m <br /> (0.63 cm6.3 mm <br />0.0063 m <br />) +
herbaceous +  and woody +
Clovenlip toadflax +
violet +, mauve +  and purple +
subcylindric +
1.7 cm17 mm <br />0.017 m <br /> (2.4 cm24 mm <br />0.024 m <br />) +
Que. +, Ariz. +, Calif. +, N.J. +, Va. +  and n Africa (Morocco) +
drupe-like +
0–1200 m. +
curved +  and straight +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
1 +  and 4 +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br /> (1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br />) +
Waste ground, roadsides. +
0.01 cm0.1 mm <br />1.0e-4 m <br /> (0.03 cm0.3 mm <br />3.0e-4 m <br />) +
terminal +  and axillary +
alternate +  and whorled +
persistent +  and deciduous +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br />) +
connate +
linear;linear-lanceolate lanceolate ovatelanceolate or ovate +
subequal +
entire +  and subentire toothed or lobed +
axile +  and parietal +
basal +, apical +  and superior +
tenuinucellate +, unitegmic +  and hemitropous +
campylotropous +, hemianatropous +  and anatropous +
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> (0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br />) +
5 +  and 4 +
Flowering Apr–Sep. +
1-35-flowered +
elongate +
glandular-hairy +  and glabrous +
conspicuous +
minute +
dark gray +  and black +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.07 cm0.7 mm <br />7.0e-4 m <br />) +
subtrigonous +  and reniform +
0.03 cm0.3 mm <br />3.0e-4 m <br /> (0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br />) +
distinct +  and connate +
5-lobed +
symmetric to nearly +
Introduced +
curved +  and straight +
usually longer +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (1.4 cm14 mm <br />0.014 m <br />) +
scale-like +
climbing +  and scrambling +
sprawling +, creeping +  and prostrate +
glandular-pubescent +  and glabrous +
fertile +  and sterile +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (11 cm110 mm <br />0.11 m <br />) +
emarginate +, 2-lobed +, linear +, clavate +  and capitate +
Linaria bipartita +
species +
not gibbous +
2mm;3.5mm +
annual +  and perennial +