Madia gracilis

Plants 6–100 cm, self-compatible (heads not showy). Stems proximally pilose to hirsute, distally glandular-pubescent, glands yelloish, purple, or black, lateral branches seldom surpassing main-stems. Leaf-blades oblong to linear, 1–10 (–15) cm × 1–8 (–10) mm. Heads in ± open, paniculiform or racemiform arrays. Involucres depressed-globose to urceolate, 5–10 mm. Phyllaries sometimes hirsute, always finely or coarsely glandular-pubescent, glands yellowish, purple, or black, apices erect or ± reflexed, flat. Paleae mostly persistent, connate 1/2+ their lengths. Ray-florets 3–10; corollas lemon yellow or greenish yellow, laminae 1.5–8 mm. Disc-florets 2–16+, bisexual, fertile; corollas 2.5–5 mm, pubescent; anthers ± dark purple. Ray cypselae black, purple, or mottled, dull, compressed, beakless (or nearly so). Disc cypselae similar. 2n = 32, 48.

Phenology: Flowering Apr–Aug.
Habitat: Open or partially shaded slopes or flats in grasslands, meadows, shrublands, woodlands, and forests, disturbed sites, stream banks, roadsides, coarse to fine textured soils, sometimes serpentine
Elevation: 0–2500 m

B.C., Calif., Idaho, Mont., Nev., Oreg., Utah, Wash., Mexico (Baja California)

Discussion

Madia gracilis occurs widely in California (except the warm deserts), is scattered across much of Nevada, Oregon, and Washington (outside the driest regions), and extends into southernmost British Columbia, north-western Montana, and northern Utah. Near the coast, M. gracilis sometimes co-occurs with M. sativa; the two species are partially interfertile (M. gracilis tends to flower earlier than M. sativa; J. Clausen 1951). Reported occurrences of M. gracilis in Maine and South America have not been confirmed.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa