familyOnagraceae
subfamilyOnagraceae subfam. Onagroideae
tribeOnagraceae tribe Onagreae
genusOenothera
sectionOenothera sect. Kneiffia
speciesOenothera fruticosa
subspeciesOenothera fruticosa subsp. tetragona

Oenothera fruticosa subsp. tetragona

(Roth) W. L. Wagner

PhytoKeys 34: 16. 2014.

Warren L. Wagner
Basionym: Oenothera tetragona Roth Catal. Bot. 2: 39. 1800
Synonyms: Kneiffia fraseri (Pursh) Spach K. fruticosa var. differta (Millspaugh) Millspaugh K. glauca (Michaux) Spach K. latifolia Rydberg K. serotina (Lehmann) Bartling K. tetragona (Roth) Pennell K. tetragona var. hybrida (Michaux) Pennell O. ambigua (Nuttall) Sprengel O. canadensis Goldie O. fraseri Pursh O. fruticosa var. ambigua Nuttall O. fruticosa var. differta Millspaugh O. fruticosa var. fraseri (Pursh) Hooker O. fruticosa subsp. glauca (Michaux) Straley O. fruticosa var. glauca (Michaux) H. Léveillé O. fruticosa var. incana (Nuttall) Hooker O. fruticosa var. maculata H. Léveillé O. glauca Michaux O. glauca var. fraseri (Pursh) Torrey & A. Gray O. hybrida Michaux O. hybrida var. ambigua (Nuttall) S. F. Blake O. incana Nuttall O. serotina Lehmann O. tetragona var. fraseri (Pursh) Munz O. tetragona subsp. glauca (Michaux) Munz O. tetragona var. hybrida (Michaux) Fernald O. tetragona var. latifolia (Rydberg) Fernald
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 10.

Herbs mostly glandular puberulent or glabrous, some­times strigillose or villous on stems; from fibrous rootstock. Leaves in a basal rosette and cauline, basal 3–12 × 0.5–3 cm, petiole 1–3 cm, blade oblanceolate to obovate, margins dentate to remotely denticulate; cauline 2–6 (–11) × (0.5–) 1–2 (–5) cm, sometimes glau­cous; petiole 0.1–2 (–6) cm; blade narrowly elliptic to broadly ovate, margins dentate to remotely denticulate. Flowers: buds with free tips (3–) 4–8 (–13) mm, connivent to spreading; floral-tube 5–20 mm; sepals 8–22 mm; petals (8–) 15–20 (–30) mm. Capsules oblong to oblong-ellipsoid, widest at middle, (5–) 10–17 (–20) × (2–) 3–4 (–6) mm, 4-winged, sometimes 4-angled, stipe 0.1–3 (–7) mm; sessile. 2n = 28.


Phenology: Flowering Apr–Aug(–Sep).
Habitat: Open meadows, stream margins, edges of woods, open woods.
Elevation: (100–)300–1700 m.

Distribution

N.S., Ont., Que., Ala., Conn., Del., D.C., Ga., Ill., Ind., Ky., La., Maine, Md., Mass., Mich., Mo., N.H., N.Y., N.C., Ohio, Pa., R.I., S.C., Tenn., Va., W.Va.

Discussion

Oenothera serotina Sweet (1826) is a homonym, not Lehmann (1826), while Kneiffia floribunda Spach (1835) is an illegitimate substitution based on O. tetragona, and both names pertain here.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"widest" is not a number.

... more about "Oenothera fruticosa subsp. tetragona"
RDF feed
2n chromosome quantity
28 +
4-locular septum architecture
incomplete +
4-locular septum architecture or structure in adjective form
1-locular +
Androecium position
epigynous +
Anther fixation
versatile +
Anther some measurement
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
Apex architecture or shape
emarginate +
Apex shape
tapering +  and rounded to truncate +
Author
Warren L. Wagner +
Authority
(Roth) W. L. Wagner +
Basal leaf arrangement
alternate +
Basal leaf position
cauline +
Basal leaf presence
absent +
Basal rosette length
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (12 cm120 mm <br />0.12 m <br />) +
Basal rosette width
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br />) +
Base coloration
pale green +  and yellow usually fading orange purple pale-yellow reddish or whitish +
Base reproduction
sterile +
Base shape
pedicel-like +
Basionyms
Oenothera tetragona +
Berry architecture or shape
nutlike +
Berry dehiscence
indehiscent +  and loculicidal +
Blade margin shape
dentate +, denticulate +, subentire +  and entire +
Blade shape
narrowly elliptic +  and broadly ovate +
Bud arrangement
connivent +
Bud orientation
spreading +
Bud shape
terete +
Capsule architecture
sessile +
Capsule architecture or shape
nutlike +
Capsule architecture or structure in adjective form
4-locular +
Capsule atypical length
1.7 cm17 mm <br />0.017 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
Capsule atypical width
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
Capsule condition or texture
dry +
Capsule course
straight +
Capsule dehiscence
indehiscent +  and dehiscent +
Capsule length
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (1.7 cm17 mm <br />0.017 m <br />) +
Capsule shape
oblong +  and oblong-ellipsoid +
Capsule texture
leathery +
Carpel quantity
Many (?) +
Cel reproduction
vegetative +
Distalmost node quantity
few +
Distribution
N.S. +, Ont. +, Que. +, Ala. +, Conn. +, Del. +, D.C. +, Ga. +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Ky. +, La. +, Maine +, Md. +, Mass. +, Mich. +, Mo. +, N.H. +, N.Y. +, N.C. +, Ohio +, Pa. +, R.I. +, S.C. +, Tenn. +, Va. +  and W.Va. +
Elevation
(100–)300–1700 m. +
Embryo-sac coating
oily +
Embryo-sac course
straight +
Embryo-sac presence
absent +
Embryo coating
oily +
Embryo course
straight +
Embryo presence
absent +
Endosperm coating
oily +
Endosperm course
straight +
Endosperm presence
absent +
Epidermis coloration
whitish +  and green +
Epidermis relief
exfoliating +
Filament architecture
dithecal +
Filament fixation
basifixed +  and versatile +
Filament fusion
distinct +
Filament some measurement
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
Floral-tube duration
deciduous +
Floral-tube presence
absent +
Floral-tube pubescence
hispid +, lanate +  and glabrous +
Floral-tube quantity
, +
Floral-tube some measurement
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
Flower architecture
zygomorphic +  and actinomorphic +
Flower architecture or arrangement or growth form
solitary +
Flower odor
scented +
Flower part duration
deciduous +
Flower part life cycle
anthesis +
Flower reproduction
bisexual +
Fruit architecture
winged +
Fruit course
curved +  and straight +
Fruit dehiscence
indehiscent +  and dehiscent +
Fruit shape
4-angled +, terete +, tapering +, cylindrical +, ellipsoid +, clavate +, ovoid ellipsoid +  and cylindrical rhombic-obovoid or globose +
Habitat
Open meadows, stream margins, edges of woods, open woods. +
Hair height or length or size
short +
Hair position relational
interlocking +
Herb architecture
caulescent +
Herb duration
perennial +
Herb growth form
suffrutescent +
Herb pubescence
villous +, strigillose +, glabrous +, puberulent +  and glandular +
Herb texture
fleshy +
Indusium architecture
peltate +
Indusium prominence
conspicuous +
Inflorescence orientation
nodding +  and erect +
Inflorescence position
axillary +
Lateral root orientation
spreading +
Leaf-axil orientation
nodding +  and erect +
Leaf architecture
simple +
Leaf arrangement
alternate +
Leaf atypical some measurement
10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br /> (13 cm130 mm <br />0.13 m <br />) +
Leaf condition
later +
Leaf duration
deciduous +
Leaf length
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (12 cm120 mm <br />0.12 m <br />) +
Leaf position
basal +  and cauline +
Leaf presence
absent +
Leaf some measurement
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br />) +
Leaf width
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br />) +
Lobe arrangement or course or shape
linear +
Lobe quantity
4 (?) +
Locule arrangement or growth form
clustered +
Locule quantity
many +
Margin position
cauline +
Margin shape
dentate +  and remotely denticulate +
Mouth condition
closing +
Nectary presence
absent +
Number of lower taxa
0 +
Ovary architecture
pedicellate +  and sessile +
Ovary architecture or structure in adjective form
1-locular +
Ovary position
inferior +
Ovule architecture
bitegmic +
Ovule arrangement or growth form
clustered +
Ovule orientation
anatropous +
Ovule quantity
1 +  and 8 +
Perianth position
epigynous +
Petal arrangement
imbricate +
Petal arrangement or shape
convolute +
Petal atypical some measurement
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br />) +
Petal character
not color +
Petal coloration
pale +  and bright-yellow fading pale-pink orangish pink or yellow +
Petal presence
absent +
Petal quantity
4 +
Petal shape
obcordate +  and obovate +
Petal some measurement
1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
Petiole atypical some measurement
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br />) +
Petiole some measurement
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
Phenology
Flowering Apr–Aug(–Sep). +
Pollen-grain dehiscence or orientation
longitudinal +
Pollen arrangement
singly +
Pollen reproduction
fertile +
Polyad arrangement
singly +
Proximal part reproduction
sterile +
Publication title
PhytoKeys +
Publication year
2014 +
Raphide quantity
abundant +
Reference
None +
Rosette life cycle
withered +
Rosette position
basal +  and cauline +
Row atypical quantity
2 (4) +
Row quantity
2 +  and 1 +
Secretion condition
wet +
Secretion condition or texture
dry +
Secretion relief
papillate +
Secretion shape
clavate +  and globose +
Seed arrangement or growth form
clustered +
Seed atypical quantity
1 (160) +
Seed length
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (?) +
Seed quantity
numerous +
Seed relief
sculptured +  and smooth +
Seed shape
ovoid +
Seed size
reduced +
Seed width
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (?) +
Sepal architecture or dehiscence
splitting +
Sepal arrangement
separating +
Sepal arrangement or dehiscence
valvate +
Sepal coloration
purple +, pink +, red +  and green +
Sepal duration
deciduous +
Sepal fusion
coherent +
Sepal orientation
reflexed +
Sepal quantity
4 +
Sepal some measurement
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (2.2 cm22 mm <br />0.022 m <br />) +
Septum architecture
incomplete +
Septum arrangement
parietal +, axile +  and placentation +
Septum fragility
fragile +
Septum presence
absent +
Septum width
thin +
Series length or size
longer +
Series quantity
2 +
Series size
unequal +
Series variability
equal +
Set length or size
longer +
Set quantity
2 +
Set variability
equal +
Shoot orientation
arising +
Shrub architecture
unarmed +
Shrub growth form
not clonal +
Shrub habitat
aquatic +, amphibious +  and terrestrial +
Slit dehiscence or orientation
longitudinal +
Spike architecture
leafy +
Stamen quantity
8 +
Stamen size
in 2 unequal series +  and subequal +
Stamen size or quantity
2 times as many or as many as sepals +
Stem architecture
unbranched +  and branched +
Stem atypical some measurement
10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br /> (30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br />) +
Stem growth form or orientation
decumbent +
Stem orientation
erect +  and decumbent +
Stem some measurement
30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br /> (80 cm800 mm <br />0.8 m <br />) +
Stigma architecture
peltate +
Stigma development
developing +
Stigma quantity
1 +
Stigma shape
divided +
Stipe architecture
4-winged +
Stipe atypical length
1.7 cm17 mm <br />0.017 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
Stipe atypical some measurement
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
Stipe atypical width
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
Stipe length
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (1.7 cm17 mm <br />0.017 m <br />) +
Stipe position
middle +
Stipe shape
4-angled +
Stipe some measurement
0.01 cm0.1 mm <br />1.0e-4 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
Stipe width
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
Stipule architecture
petiolate +  and sessile +
Stipule duration
caducous +
Stipule position
intrapetiolar +
Stipule presence
absent +
Stipule size
small +
Style pubescence
pubescent +  and glabrous +
Style quantity
1 +
Style some measurement
1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
Subshrub architecture
unarmed +
Subshrub growth form
not clonal +
Subshrub habitat
aquatic +, amphibious +  and terrestrial +
Surface architecture
smooth +, reticulate +  and furrowed +
Surface architecture or shape
entire +
Surface condition
wet +
Surface duration
persisting +
Surface life cycle
anthesis +
Surface prominence
obscured +
Surface pubescence
glaucous +
Surface quantity
7 (?) +
Surface relief
papillose +
Surface shape
beaded +
Synonyms
Kneiffia fraseri +, K. fruticosa var. differta +, K. glauca +, K. latifolia +, K. serotina +, K. tetragona +, K. tetragona var. hybrida +, O. ambigua +, O. canadensis +, O. fraseri +, O. fruticosa var. ambigua +, O. fruticosa var. differta +, O. fruticosa var. fraseri +, O. fruticosa subsp. glauca +, O. fruticosa var. glauca +, O. fruticosa var. incana +, O. fruticosa var. maculata +, O. glauca +, O. glauca var. fraseri +, O. hybrida +, O. hybrida var. ambigua +, O. incana +, O. serotina +, O. tetragona var. fraseri +, O. tetragona subsp. glauca +, O. tetragona var. hybrida +  and O. tetragona var. latifolia +
Taxon family
Onagraceae +
Taxon name
Oenothera fruticosa subsp. tetragona +
Taxon parent
Oenothera fruticosa +
Taxon rank
subspecies +
Tetrad arrangement
singly +
Tetrad dehiscence
3(-5)-aperturate +
Tip atypical some measurement
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (1.3 cm13 mm <br />0.013 m <br />) +
Tip fusion
free +
Tip some measurement
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
Valve midrib architecture
sessile +
Valve midrib dehiscence
dehiscent +
Valve midrib prominence
raised +
Viscin thread dehiscence or orientation
longitudinal +
Viscin thread fusion
united +
Volume
Volume 10 +
Wall texture
woody +  and hard +
Wing architecture
smooth +  and erose +
Wing condition or texture
dry +
Wing relief
papillate +
Wing width
thick +