familyOnagraceae
subfamilyOnagraceae subfam. Onagroideae
tribeOnagraceae tribe Onagreae
genusOenothera
sectionOenothera sect. Kneiffia
speciesOenothera spachiana

Oenothera spachiana

Torrey & A. Gray

Fl. N. Amer. 1: 498. 1840.

Warren L. Wagner
Synonyms: Blennoderma drummondii Spach Kneiffia spachiana (Torrey & A. Gray) Small Oenothera uncinata Scheele
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 10.

Herbs annual, densely strig­illose; from a sparsely branched taproot. Stems erect, usually unbranched or with few ascend­ing branches, 10–30 (–45) cm. Leaves in a basal rosette and cauline, basal 2–5 × 0.5–1.5 cm, petiole 0.5–2 cm, blade oblanceo­late to elliptic, margins subentire; cauline 3–6 × 0.2–0.6 cm, petiole 0.2–0.6 (–1.5) cm, blade narrowly lanceolate to linear, margins subentire. Inflorescences erect, flowers in leaf-axils in distal 1/2 of plant. Flowers opening near sunrise; buds with free tips to 1 mm, erect to spread­ing; floral-tube 4–10 mm; sepals 4–8 mm; petals pale-yellow, fading pale-pink, 5–14 mm; filaments 3–7 mm, anthers 2–4 mm, pollen 85–100% fertile; style 3–7 mm, stigma surrounded by anthers. Capsules broadly clavate, 4-angled, 5–15 × 3–5 mm, stipe 2–5 mm; sessile. Seeds 1 × 0.5 mm. 2n = 14.


Phenology: Flowering Mar–May.
Habitat: Prairies, open roadsides, sandy places.
Elevation: 10–200 m.

Distribution

Ala., Ark., La., Miss., Okla., Tex.

Discussion

G. B. Straley (1977) determined Oenothera spachiana to be self-compatible and autogamous. Collections outside the native range of O. spachiana have been made as a ballast weed in Camden County, New Jersey.

Oenothera drummondii (Spach) Walpers (1843), not Hooker (1834) is a later homonym and pertains here.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"few" is not a number.

... more about "Oenothera spachiana"
RDF feed
2n chromosome quantity
14 +
4-locular septum architecture
incomplete +
4-locular septum architecture or structure in adjective form
1-locular +
Androecium position
epigynous +
Anther fixation
versatile +
Anther some measurement
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
Apex architecture or shape
emarginate +
Apex shape
tapering +  and rounded to truncate +
Author
Warren L. Wagner +
Authority
Torrey & A. Gray +
Basal leaf arrangement
alternate +
Basal leaf position
cauline +
Basal leaf presence
absent +
Basal stem length
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br />) +
Basal stem width
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
Base coloration
pale green +  and yellow usually fading orange purple pale-yellow reddish or whitish +
Base reproduction
sterile +
Base shape
pedicel-like +
Basionyms
Kneiffia +
Berry architecture or shape
nutlike +
Berry dehiscence
indehiscent +  and loculicidal +
Blade arrangement or shape
elliptic +
Blade margin shape
dentate +, denticulate +, subentire +  and entire +
Blade shape
narrowly lanceolate +  and linear +
Bud orientation
erect +
Bud shape
terete +
Capsule architecture
winged +
Capsule architecture or shape
nutlike +
Capsule architecture or structure in adjective form
4-locular +
Capsule condition or texture
dry +
Capsule course
straight +
Capsule dehiscence
indehiscent +  and dehiscent +
Capsule length
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
Capsule shape
4-angled +  and clavate +
Capsule texture
leathery +
Capsule width
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
Carpel quantity
Many (?) +
Cel reproduction
vegetative +
Distribution
Ala. +, Ark. +, La. +, Miss. +, Okla. +  and Tex. +
Elevation
10–200 m. +
Embryo-sac coating
oily +
Embryo-sac course
straight +
Embryo-sac presence
absent +
Embryo coating
oily +
Embryo course
straight +
Embryo presence
absent +
Endosperm coating
oily +
Endosperm course
straight +
Endosperm presence
absent +
Epidermis coloration
whitish +  and green +
Epidermis relief
exfoliating +
Filament architecture
dithecal +
Filament fixation
basifixed +  and versatile +
Filament fusion
distinct +
Filament some measurement
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
Floral-tube duration
deciduous +
Floral-tube presence
absent +
Floral-tube pubescence
hispid +, lanate +  and glabrous +
Floral-tube quantity
, +
Floral-tube some measurement
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
Flower architecture
zygomorphic +  and actinomorphic +
Flower architecture or arrangement or growth form
solitary +
Flower odor
scented +
Flower part duration
deciduous +
Flower part life cycle
anthesis +
Flower reproduction
bisexual +
Fruit architecture
winged +
Fruit course
curved +  and straight +
Fruit dehiscence
indehiscent +  and dehiscent +
Fruit shape
4-angled +, terete +, tapering +, cylindrical +, ellipsoid +, clavate +, ovoid ellipsoid +  and cylindrical rhombic-obovoid or globose +
Habitat
Prairies, open roadsides, sandy places. +
Hair height or length or size
short +
Hair position relational
interlocking +
Herb architecture
caulescent +
Herb duration
annual +
Herb growth form
suffrutescent +
Herb texture
fleshy +
Indusium architecture
peltate +
Indusium prominence
conspicuous +
Inflorescence orientation
erect +
Inflorescence position
axillary +
Lateral root orientation
spreading +
Leaf-axil orientation
nodding +  and erect +
Leaf architecture
simple +
Leaf arrangement
alternate +
Leaf atypical some measurement
10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br /> (13 cm130 mm <br />0.13 m <br />) +
Leaf condition
later +
Leaf duration
deciduous +
Leaf position
cauline +
Leaf presence
absent +
Leaf some measurement
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br />) +
Lobe arrangement or course or shape
linear +
Lobe quantity
4 (?) +
Locule arrangement or growth form
clustered +
Locule quantity
many +
Margin position
cauline +
Margin shape
subentire +
Mouth condition
closing +
Nectary presence
absent +
Number of lower taxa
0 +
Ovary architecture
pedicellate +  and sessile +
Ovary architecture or structure in adjective form
1-locular +
Ovary position
inferior +
Ovule architecture
bitegmic +
Ovule arrangement or growth form
clustered +
Ovule orientation
anatropous +
Ovule quantity
1 +  and 8 +
Perianth position
epigynous +
Petal arrangement
imbricate +
Petal arrangement or shape
convolute +
Petal character
not color +
Petal coloration
fading pale-pink +  and pale-yellow +
Petal presence
absent +
Petal quantity
4 +
Petal shape
obcordate +  and obovate +
Petal some measurement
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (1.4 cm14 mm <br />0.014 m <br />) +
Petiole atypical some measurement
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
Petiole some measurement
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
Phenology
Flowering Mar–May. +
Pollen-grain dehiscence or orientation
longitudinal +
Pollen arrangement
singly +
Pollen reproduction
fertile +
Polyad arrangement
singly +
Proximal part reproduction
sterile +
Publication title
Fl. N. Amer. +
Publication year
1840 +
Raphide quantity
abundant +
Reference
None +
Rosette position
basal +  and cauline +
Row atypical quantity
2 (4) +
Row quantity
2 +  and 1 +
Secretion condition
wet +
Secretion condition or texture
dry +
Secretion relief
papillate +
Secretion shape
clavate +  and globose +
Seed arrangement or growth form
clustered +
Seed atypical quantity
1 (160) +
Seed length
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (?) +
Seed quantity
numerous +
Seed relief
sculptured +  and smooth +
Seed shape
ovoid +
Seed size
reduced +
Seed width
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (?) +
Sepal architecture or dehiscence
splitting +
Sepal arrangement
separating +
Sepal arrangement or dehiscence
valvate +
Sepal coloration
purple +, pink +, red +  and green +
Sepal duration
deciduous +
Sepal fusion
coherent +
Sepal orientation
reflexed +
Sepal quantity
4 +
Sepal some measurement
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
Septum architecture
incomplete +
Septum arrangement
parietal +, axile +  and placentation +
Septum fragility
fragile +
Septum presence
absent +
Septum width
thin +
Series length or size
longer +
Series quantity
2 +
Series size
unequal +
Series variability
equal +
Set length or size
longer +
Set quantity
2 +
Set variability
equal +
Shoot orientation
arising +
Shrub architecture
unarmed +
Shrub growth form
not clonal +
Shrub habitat
aquatic +, amphibious +  and terrestrial +
Slit dehiscence or orientation
longitudinal +
Spike architecture
leafy +
Stamen quantity
8 +
Stamen size
in 2 unequal series +  and subequal +
Stamen size or quantity
2 times as many or as many as sepals +
Stem architecture
with few ascend +  and unbranched +
Stem atypical some measurement
30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br /> (45 cm450 mm <br />0.45 m <br />) +
Stem growth form or orientation
decumbent +
Stem orientation
erect +
Stem some measurement
10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br /> (30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br />) +
Stigma architecture
peltate +
Stigma development
developing +
Stigma quantity
1 +
Stigma shape
divided +
Stipe architecture
sessile +
Stipe some measurement
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
Stipule architecture
petiolate +  and sessile +
Stipule duration
caducous +
Stipule position
intrapetiolar +
Stipule presence
absent +
Stipule size
small +
Style pubescence
pubescent +  and glabrous +
Style quantity
1 +
Style some measurement
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
Subshrub architecture
unarmed +
Subshrub growth form
not clonal +
Subshrub habitat
aquatic +, amphibious +  and terrestrial +
Surface architecture
smooth +, reticulate +  and furrowed +
Surface architecture or shape
entire +
Surface condition
wet +
Surface duration
persisting +
Surface life cycle
anthesis +
Surface prominence
obscured +
Surface quantity
7 (?) +
Surface relief
papillose +
Surface shape
beaded +
Synonyms
Blennoderma drummondii +, Kneiffia spachiana +  and Oenothera uncinata +
Taxon family
Onagraceae +
Taxon name
Oenothera spachiana +
Taxon parent
Oenothera sect. Kneiffia +
Taxon rank
species +
Tetrad arrangement
singly +
Tetrad dehiscence
3(-5)-aperturate +
Tip fusion
free +
Tip orientation
erect to spread +
Tip some measurement
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
Valve midrib architecture
sessile +
Valve midrib dehiscence
dehiscent +
Valve midrib prominence
raised +
Viscin thread dehiscence or orientation
longitudinal +
Viscin thread fusion
united +
Volume
Volume 10 +
Wall texture
woody +  and hard +
Wing architecture
smooth +  and erose +
Wing condition or texture
dry +
Wing relief
papillate +
Wing width
thick +