Oligotrichum parallelum

(Mitten) Kindberg

Bot. Not. 1896: 191. 1896,.

Basionym: Atrichum parallelum Mitten J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 8: 48, plate 8. 1864
Synonyms: Atrichum leiophyllum Kindberg
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 27. Treatment on page 143. Mentioned on page 142, 156.

Plants pale to dark olive green, in loose tufts. Stems 2–6 (–8) cm, simple or branching by innovations, bracteate proximally, gradually larger distally. Leaves 5–6 mm, crisped and contorted when dry, when moist laxly spreading, plane, ovatelanceolate to elliptic-oblong, abruptly acuminate at the apex, ending in a short spine, the margins coarsely and sharply serrate to the middle or below; costa percurrent or shortly excurrent in the apex, with a few low dentate abaxial lamellae or lamelliform teeth near the apex; abaxial surface of lamina smooth or with a few scattered teeth; adaxial lamellae 4–6, straight, not undulate, 3–5 (–8) cells high, entire in profile; median basal-cells short-rectangular, 3: 1, rather thin-walled, finely striate-papillose; median cells of lamina 20–30 µm, subquadrate to hexagonal, thin to firm-walled with minute trigones, smooth; 1–3 rows of cells along the margins evenly thicker-walled, often colored, the marginal serrations ending in a short tooth cell, with 2–4 supporting cells; perichaetial leaves 6.5–7 mm, subsheathing at base, spreading. Seta to 5 cm, 1 (–2) per perichaetium, reddish, wiry. Capsule 4–7 mm, light yellowish-brown, greenish near base, reddish at the mouth, cylindric, slightly curved, somewhat larger toward the base, strongly contracted below the mouth when dry, the surface rugose; exothecial cells irregularly short-rectangular to hexagonal, rather thin-walled, smooth, much smaller and thicker-walled below the mouth; stomata superficial, numerous in proximal 1/4 of capsule; peristome teeth 32, obtuse to truncate at the apex. Spores 12–16 µm.


Habitat: Wet rocks and soil, shaded banks, wet cliffs beside waterfalls, cutbanks in ravines, over boulders in creeks, at higher elevations in late snow areas, drainage channels on steep slopes, beside snowmelt streams
Elevation: low to high elevations (1000-2000 m)

Distribution

V27 176-distribution-map.gif

B.C., Yukon, Alaska, Wash., Asia (Japan), Asia (Russia in Kamchatka)

Discussion

Oligotrichum parallelum is an oceanic, arctic-montane species occurring northward in interior Alaska to 67°N. When optimally developed O. parallelum is a handsome plant, differing from other regional Oligotrichum species in its larger size, leaves crisped when dry, laxly spreading when moist, with coarsely, and often doubly serrate margins, and lower, straight lamellae. The leaf margins may occasionally show a hint of a border of somewhat elongated cells. Typically, however, the marginal cells are ± isodiametric, thicker-walled, and yellowish.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"broadened" is not a number."broadest" is not a number."longer and narrower" is not a number.

... more about "Oligotrichum parallelum"
apiculate;obtuse;acute;cucullate;flat;apiculate;obtuse;acute;cucullate;flat;apiculate;obtuse;acute;cucullate;flat;apiculate;obtuse;acute;cucullate;flat +
prominent +
Gary L. Smith Merrill +
(Mitten) Kindberg +
Atrichum parallelum +
abrupt +, crisped +  and undulate +
firm-textured +
overlapping +
monoicous +, dioicous +, sexual +  and vegetative +
sinuate;fiberlike;elongate;less isodiametric;transversely elongate-hexagonal +
sparsely ciliate;smooth +
cucullate +
reddish +, greenish +  and light yellowish-brown +
sometimes +  and rugose +
cylindric +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
excurrent +  and percurrent +
toothed +
undifferentiated +
not differentiated +
B.C. +, Yukon +, Alaska +, Wash. +, Asia (Japan) +  and Asia (Russia in Kamchatka) +
low to high elevations (1000-2000 m) +
thicker-walled +  and thin-walled +
pitted +  and not papillate +
irregularly short-rectangular +  and hexagonal +
scabrous +, mammillose +  and smooth +
Wet rocks and soil, shaded banks, wet cliffs beside waterfalls, cutbanks in ravines, over boulders in creeks, at higher elevations in late snow areas, drainage channels on steep slopes, beside snowmelt streams +
delimited +  and indistinct +
not differentiated +
photosynthetic +
serrate +, crenulate +  and serrulate +
with a few scattered teeth +  and smooth +
spreading +  and erect +
acuminate +, ovatelanceolate +  and elliptic-oblong +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
membranous +
thicker-walled +
cuticular-papillose +  and smooth +
denticulate +  and subentire +
shape +  and size +
dioicous +  and sexual +
striate-papillose +
short-rectangular +
0.65 cm6.5 mm <br />0.0065 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
pigmented +  and pale +
simple +  and compound +
obtuse +  and truncate +
underground +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br />) +
differentiated +
larger +  and minute +
bracteate +, branching +  and simple +
6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br /> (8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br />) +
larger +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br />) +
superficial +
Atrichum leiophyllum +
Oligotrichum parallelum +
Oligotrichum +
species +
compound +  and simple +
unjointed +
lamelliform +
green +, pale +  and dark olive +
small +  and medium-sized +