Onagraceae subfam. Ludwigioideae

W. L. Wagner & Hoch

Syst. Bot. Monogr. 83: 41. 2007.

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 10.

Leaves: stipules present. Flowers: floral-tube absent; sepals (3 or) 4 or 5 (–7), persistent at ovary apex after dehiscence of other floral parts; petals yellow or white, rarely absent. = 8.

Discussion

Genus 1, species 82 (31 in the flora): North America, Mexico, West Indies, Bermuda, Central America, South America, se Asia, Africa, Indian Ocean Islands, Pacific Islands, Australasia; introduced in Europe, w Asia.

Ludwigioideae were segregated as a distinct subfamily (W. L. Wagner et al. 2007) to reflect the phylogenetic relationship of Ludwigia as sister to other genera of Onagraceae in morphological and molecular analyses (see R. A. Levin et al. 2003, 2004). Ludwigia is distinguished by the absence of a floral tube, persistence of sepals on capsules after other floral parts dehisce, pollen shed in tetrads or polyads (or as monads in some sections, tetrads sometimes found elsewhere in Onagraceae), double ovule vascular supply, uniquely including a central supply (R. H. Eyde 1981), single-celled ovule archesporium (H. Tobe and P. H. Raven 1996), and a base chromosome number of x = 8.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

Warren L. Wagner +  and Peter C. Hoch +
W. L. Wagner & Hoch +
indehiscent +  and loculicidal +
lobed +, toothed +  and entire +
North America +, Mexico +, West Indies +, Bermuda +, Central America +, South America +, Eurasia +, Africa +, Atlantic Islands +, Indian Ocean Islands +, Pacific Islands +, Australasia +, nearly worldwide +  and primarily New World +
basifixed +  and versatile +
(2-)4(-7)-merous +, zygomorphic +, morphic +  and actino +
unisexual +  and bisexual +
perennial +  and annual +
whorled +, opposite +  and alternate +
deciduous +
basal +  and cauline +
numerous +  and 1 +
white +  and yellow +
Syst. Bot. Monogr. +
basal +  and cauline +
several +  and 1 +
clavate +  and globose +
18 +, 15 +, 11 +, 10 +, 8 +  and 7 +
sculptured +  and smooth +
purple +, pink +, red +  and green +
persistent +
5 +  and 4 +
parenchymatous +
parietal +, axile +  and placentation +
aquatic +, amphibious +  and terrestrial +
2 times as many as sepals +
prostrate +  and decumbent +
subsessile +  and petiolate +
intrapetiolar +
aquatic +, amphibious +  and terrestrial +
Onagraceae subfam. Ludwigioideae +
Onagraceae +
subfamily +
3(-5)-aperturate +