familyCactaceae
subfamilyCactaceae subfam. Opuntioideae
genusOpuntia
speciesOpuntia polyacantha
varietyOpuntia polyacantha var. hystricina

Opuntia polyacantha var. hystricina

(Engelmann & J. M. Bigelow) B. D. Parfitt

Cact. Succ. J. (Los Angeles) 70: 188. 1998.

Donald J. Pinkava
Common names: Porcupine pricklypear
Basionym: Opuntia hystricina Engelmann & J. M. Bigelow Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 3: 299. 1856
Synonyms: Opuntia erinacea var. hystricina (Engelmann & J. M. Bigelow) L. D. Benson Opuntia erinacea var. rhodantha (K. Schumann) L. D. Be nson Opuntia erinacea var. xanthostemma (K. Schumann) L. D. Benson Opuntia rhodantha Opuntia xanthostemma
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 4. Treatment on page 148. Mentioned on page 147.

Stem segments obovate, 8–10 × 5–8 cm; areoles (6–) 8–10 per diagonal row across midstem segment, 10–17 mm apart. Spines in most areoles, grading in size and orientation; longer spines (1–) 2–6 per areole, slightly descending porrect, ascending near apex, (yellow-gray to) brown to black, (40–) 50–80 mm; smaller spines 4–6 per areole, reflexed, gray-white. Fruits stout; areoles 11–21, bearing 4–8 spines, 4–18 mm. 2n = 44, 66.


Phenology: Flowering late spring.
Habitat: Grasslands, pinyon-juniper woodlands, clay or limestone soils
Elevation: 1300-1900(-2400) m

Distribution

V4 287-distribution-map.gif

Ariz., Calif., Colo., Nev., N.Mex., Utah.

Discussion

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"longest" is not a number.

... more about "Opuntia polyacantha var. hystricina"
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2n chromosome quantity
66 +  and 44 +
Age architecture
continuous +
Anther coloration
yellow +
Appearance shape
cushionlike +
Appendage architecture
arillate +
Appendage pubescence or texture
corky +
Areole arrangement
apart +
Areole arrangement or shape
elliptic +
Areole atypical length
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
Areole atypical quantity
6 (8) +
Areole atypical width
0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
Areole duration
deciduous +  and persistent +
Areole length
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
Areole position or shape
distal +
Areole presence
absent +
Areole prominence
Conspicuous (Obscure) +
Areole quantity
11 +  and 21 +
Areole shape
subcircular +
Areole some measurement
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (1.8 cm18 mm <br />0.018 m <br />) +
Areole width
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
Author
Donald J. Pinkava +
Authority
(Engelmann & J. M. Bigelow) B. D. Parfitt +
Basionyms
Opuntia hystricina +
Branch growth form or orientation
prostrate +
Bristle shape
Hairlike (?) +
Chain architecture
sessile +
Chain architecture or shape
symmetric +
Chain life cycle
proliferating +
Chain orientation
arising +
Cladode length or size
long +
Cladode shape
flattened +  and cylindric +
Common name
Porcupine pricklypear +
Depression depth
shallow +
Depression quantity
1 (4) +
Depression size
large +
Direction variability
various +
Distribution
Ariz. +, Calif. +, Colo. +, Nev. +, N.Mex. +  and Utah. +
Elevation
1300-1900(-2400) m +
Envelope derivation
funicular +
Envelope texture
osseous +
Epidermis arrangement
separating +
Epidermis condition
intact +
Filament coloration
red +  and magenta +
Flower architecture
staminate +
Flower architecture or arrangement or growth form
solitary +
Flower architecture or shape
symmetric +
Flower arrangement
arranged +
Flower duration
diurnal +
Flower part life cycle
abscising +
Flower quantity
1 +
Flower reproduction
bisexual +
Flower shape
salverform +, cup-shaped +  and rotate +
Flower tube atypical some measurement
15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br /> (30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br />) +
Flower tube fusion
adnate +
Flower tube height or length or size
short +
Flower tube position
epigynous +
Flower tube some measurement
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br />) +
Fruit architecture
spineless +  and stipitate +
Fruit architecture or shape
burlike +
Fruit coloration
tan;brown +
Fruit condition
drying +
Fruit condition or texture
dry +
Fruit course
straight +
Fruit dehiscence
indehiscent +
Fruit duration
persistent +, long +  and deciduous +
Fruit fragility or size
stout +
Fruit length
1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br /> (4.5 cm45 mm <br />0.045 m <br />) +
Fruit life cycle
proliferating +
Fruit pubescence
glabrous +
Fruit relief
tuberculate +  and smooth +
Fruit shape
cylindric +
Fruit texture
fleshy +  and juicy or dry +
Fruit width
1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +
Girdle prominence
protruding +
Girdle some measurement
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
Glochid coloration
Brown (Yellow) +
Glochid life cycle
aging +
Glochid presence
absent +
Glochid prominence
inconspicuous +
Glochid some measurement
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
Grain relief
foveolate +  and reticulate +
Habitat
Grasslands, pinyon-juniper woodlands, clay or limestone soils +
Hair density
dense +
Illustration copyright
Flora of North America Association +
Illustrator
John Myers +
Inflorescence derivation
true +
Inner tepal architecture or shape
emarginate-apiculate +
Inner tepal coloration
Yellow (?) +  and Magenta (?) +
Inner tepal shape
oblong +  and spatulate +
Inner tepal some measurement
2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br /> (4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br />) +
Leaf architecture
sessile +
Leaf arrangement
alternate +
Leaf duration
deciduous +
Leaf presence
absent +
Leaf prominence
vestigial +
Leaf shape
flattened +  and conic +
Leaf some measurement
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br />) +
Leaf texture
succulent +
Long-shoot architecture or pubescence or relief
smooth +
Long-shoot relief
tuberculate +
Long-shoot shape
fluted;spheric;depressed-spheric or club-shaped +
Longer spine atypical quantity
1 (2) +
Longer spine atypical some measurement
4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br /> (5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br />) +
Longer spine coloration
Brown (Black) +
Longer spine orientation
ascending +, porrect +  and descending +
Longer spine quantity
2 (6) +
Longer spine some measurement
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br />) +
Main axis development
determinate +
Main axis shape
terete +
Margin coloration
tinged color +
Minor spine atypical quantity
0 (5) +
Minor spine coloration
white +  and white-gray +
Minor spine length
longest +
Minor spine orientation
deflexed +
Minor spine quantity
5 (11) +
Minor spine some measurement
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (1.6 cm16 mm <br />0.016 m <br />) +
Nectar chamber architecture
open +  and simple +
Nectar chamber development
specialized +
Nectary architecture
sometimes covered by outgrowths of proximal portion of style base or of flower tube wall +  and open +
Number of lower taxa
0 +
Outer tepal architecture or shape
sepal-like +
Outer tepal coloration
Green (?) +  and Yellow (?) +
Outer tepal shape
Bractlike (?) +
Ovary derivation
true +
Ovary position relational
surrounding +
Ovary prominence
sunken +
Perianth duration
persistent +  and deciduous +
Perianth life cycle
abscising +
Perianth position
epigynous +
Phenology
Flowering late spring. +
Pistil architecture
compound +
Pistil architecture or structure in adjective form
1-locular +
Placenta arrangement
parietal +
Placenta atypical quantity
14 (20) +
Placenta quantity
3;14 +
Pollen coloration
yellow +
Protuberance fusion
coalescent +
Protuberance shape
ridgelike +  and nipple--shaped +
Proximal style width
thickening +
Publication title
Cact. Succ. J. (Los Angeles) +
Publication year
1998 +
Reference
None +
Rib atypical quantity
30 (40) +
Rib orientation
vertical +
Rib quantity
3;2;2;30 +
Rib short-shoot architecture or shape
barbed +
Rib short-shoot size
minute +
Root density
diffuse +
Root shape
tuberlike +
Scar depth
deep +
Scar prominence or shape
flat +
Seed arrangement
adjacent +
Seed atypical quantity
0 (5) +
Seed coloration
tan +  and gray +
Seed development
developing +
Seed diameter
0.4mm;12mm +
Seed length
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
Seed presence
absent +
Seed pubescence
glabrous +
Seed quantity
1;400 +
Seed shape
oblong;subcircular +
Seed some measurement
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
Seed width
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
Segment duration
persistent +
Segment fragility
detachable +
Smaller spine coloration
gray-white +
Smaller spine orientation
reflexed +
Smaller spine quantity
4 (6) +
Source xml
https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V4/V4 287.xml +
Special status
Illustrated +
Spine architecture
bristlelike +
Spine architecture or pubescence or relief
smooth +
Spine architecture or shape
barbed +
Spine atypical quantity
0 (1) +
Spine atypical some measurement
7.5 cm75 mm <br />0.075 m <br /> (17 cm170 mm <br />0.17 m <br />) +
Spine coloration
yellowbrown +  and brown +
Spine course
straight +  and curling +
Spine duration
deciduous +  and persistent +
Spine fragility
pliable +
Spine fragility or size
stout +
Spine length
longest +
Spine life cycle
aging +
Spine orientation
reflexed +  and porrect +
Spine presence
absent +
Spine prominence
conspicuous +
Spine pubescence
with hairlike bristles +  and setose +
Spine quantity
4 (?) +  and 8 (?) +
Spine relief or texture
roughened +
Spine shape
acicular +, terete +  and flattened +
Spine size
Major (?) +
Spine some measurement
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br />) +
Spine texture
hard +  and rigid +
Stamen quantity
50;1500 +
Stamen shape
decurrent +
Stem architecture
winged +  and unsegmented +
Stem relief
tuberculate +  and smooth +
Stem segment arrangement or shape
circular +
Stem segment atypical length
60 cm600 mm <br />0.6 m <br /> (120 cm1,200 mm <br />1.2 m <br />) +
Stem segment coloration
green +
Stem segment fusion
detached +
Stem segment length
8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br /> (10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br />) +
Stem segment position
low +
Stem segment pubescence
pubescent +  and glabrous +
Stem segment relief
tuberculate +
Stem segment shape
Obovate (?) +
Stem segment width
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br />) +
Stem shape
segmented +
Stem texture
woody +  and succulent +
Stigma lobe atypical quantity
14 (20) +
Stigma lobe coloration
green +
Stigma lobe quantity
1;3;14 +
Stipule presence
absent +
Style coloration
white +  and pale-pink +
Style quantity
1 +
Synonyms
Opuntia erinacea var. hystricina +, Opuntia erinacea var. rhodantha +, Opuntia erinacea var. xanthostemma +, Opuntia rhodantha +  and Opuntia xanthostemma +
Taproot derivation
adventitious +
Taproot shape
tuberlike +
Taxon family
Cactaceae +
Taxon habitat
epipetric +  and epiphytic +
Taxon name
Opuntia polyacantha var. hystricina +
Taxon parent
Opuntia polyacantha +
Taxon rank
variety +
Tepal quantity
5;50 +
Testa reflectance
dull +  and glossy +
Tip coloration
yellow +  and paler +
Trunk shape
segmented +
Tubercle fusion
distinct +
Tubercle presence
absent +
Tuft architecture or shape
brushy +
Tuft shape
crescent +
Tuft width
broad +
Unit quantity
single +
Vascular-bundle prominence
protruding +
Vascular-bundle size
enlarged +
Volume
Volume 4 +
Whole-organism atypical some measurement
9 cm90 mm <br />0.09 m <br /> (18.5 cm185 mm <br />0.185 m <br />) +
Whole-organism coloration
pink-gray;gray-brown +
Whole-organism course
straight +  and curling +
Whole-organism orientation
ascending +  and deflexed +
Whole-organism quantity
2 (?) +, 0 (?) +  and 18 (?) +
Whole-organism some measurement
4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br /> (9 cm90 mm <br />0.09 m <br />) +
Whole organism architecture
branched +
Whole organism architecture or arrangement or growth form
solitary +
Whole organism growth form
shrub +
Whole organism habitat
terrestrial;epiphytic or epipetric +
Whole organism orientation
erect +  and trailing +
Whole organism position
low +
Whole organism quantity
Many (?) +
Whole organism some measurement
10cm (25cm) +
Wing prominence or shape
flat +
Wool coloration
tan +  and brown +
X chromosome quantity
11 +