Orthotrichum anomalum

Hedwig

Sp. Musc. Frond., 162. 1801.

Illustrated
Synonyms: Orthotrichum anomalum var. americanum Macoun & Kindberg O. canadense O. consimile subsp. anomaloides Kindberg
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 28. Treatment on page 51. Mentioned on page 48, 59, 77.

Plants to 0.5 cm. Stem-leaves stiff, erect-appressed when dry, elongate-lanceolate, lanceolate, or narrowly ovatelanceolate, 2–3.8 mm; margins recurved-revolute to near apex, entire; apex acute, bluntly acute, or narrowly obtuse; basal laminal cells long-rectangular to rectangular, walls thin, sometimes slightly nodose; distal cells 9–14 µm, 1-stratose, papillae 1–3 per cell, conic, small. Specialized asexual reproduction absent. Sexual condition gonioautoicous. Seta 1–3 mm. Capsule exserted, oblong-cylindric to cylindric, 1.8–2.4 mm, usually 16-ribbed, 8 long ribs to mid capsule or beyond, 8 alternating short ribs, constricted below mouth when dry; stomata immersed; peristome usually single; prostome usually present; exostome teeth 16, rarely connate in 8 pairs, erect or spreading, finely horizontally striate proximally, vertically striate distally; endostome segments absent or rarely 8, not well developed, of 1 row of cells, short, smooth. Calyptra oblong-conic, smooth, hairs few-to-many, papillose. Spores 11–15 µm.


Habitat: Rock, especially limestone, base of trees, dead branches, dry rock faces in canyons
Elevation: low to high elevations (0-3000 m)

Distribution

V28 60-distribution-map.gif

Greenland, Alta., B.C., Man., N.B., Nfld. and Labr., N.W.T., N.S., Ont., Que., Sask., Yukon, Alaska, Ariz., Colo., Conn., Idaho, Ill., Ind., Iowa, Maine, Mich., Minn., Mont., N.Mex., N.Y., N.Dak., Ohio, Pa., R.I., S.C., S.Dak., Tenn., Utah, Vt., Va., Wash., Wis., Wyo., Mexico (Nuevo León), Mexico (San Luis Potosí), West Indies (Haiti), Europe, Asia, n Africa

Discussion

Orthotrichum anomalum has exserted capsules that are slightly constricted below the mouth and 1-stratose leaves. The most useful character in distinguishing this species is the exserted capsule with eight long ribs alternating with eight shorter ones. Stomata are found in the proximal half of the capsule.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.
... more about "Orthotrichum anomalum"
awned +  and apiculate +
obtuse;acute;obtuse;acute;acute +
Dale H. Vitt +
Hedwig +
not decurrent +
erect +  and ascending +
oblong-conic +
8-ribbed or 16-ribbed +  and smooth +
oblong-cylindric;cylindric +
constricted +
0.18 cm1.8 mm <br />0.0018 m <br /> (0.24 cm2.4 mm <br />0.0024 m <br />) +
differentiated +
Greenland +, Alta. +, B.C. +, Man. +, N.B. +, Nfld. and Labr. +, N.W.T. +, N.S. +, Ont. +, Que. +, Sask. +, Yukon +, Alaska +, Ariz. +, Colo. +, Conn. +, Idaho +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Iowa +, Maine +, Mich. +, Minn. +, Mont. +, N.Mex. +, N.Y. +, N.Dak. +, Ohio +, Pa. +, R.I. +, S.C. +, S.Dak. +, Tenn. +, Utah +, Vt. +, Va. +, Wash. +, Wis. +, Wyo. +, Mexico (Nuevo León) +, Mexico (San Luis Potosí) +, West Indies (Haiti) +, Europe +, Asia +  and n Africa +
low to high elevations (0-3000 m) +
linear-lanceolate +
spreading +  and erect +
striate +  and papillose +
rectangular;elliptic +
connate +
occasional +
Rock, especially limestone, base of trees, dead branches, dry rock faces in canyons +
few +  and many +
papillose +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.38 cm3.8 mm <br />0.0038 m <br />) +
ovatelanceolate +, lanceolate +  and elongate-lanceolate +
straight +
spreading +  and widespreading +
not rugose +
linear-lanceolate +, lanceolate +, oblong +  and ovate +
denticulate +  and entire +
recurved-revolute +
dioicous +, cladautoicous +  and sexual +
rostrate;convex;conic +
mammillose +  and smooth +
sexual +  and asexual +
sometimes larger +
lateral +  and terminal +
Sp. Musc. Frond., +
alternating +
constricted +
sinistrorse +, dextrorse +  and erect +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
Illustrated +
papillose +  and smooth +
superficial +
Orthotrichum anomalum var. americanum +, O. canadense +  and O. consimile subsp. anomaloides +
Orthotrichum anomalum +
Orthotrichum +
species +
specialized +
cladautoicous +, pseudautoicous +, dioicous +  and sexual +
incrassate +
olive brown;reddish-brown;olive brown;reddish-brown;dark green +
large +  and small +