Orthotrichum pumilum

Swartz

Monthly Rev. 34: 538. 1801.

Synonyms: Orthotrichum affine var. fallax (Bridel) Hampe O. brachytrichum Bridel O. fallax Hammar O. fallax var. truncatulum Austin O. pumilum var. americanum Venturi O. pumilum subsp. fallax (Bridel) Bertsch O. pumilum var. fallax (Bridel) J. Kickx f. O. schimperi O. schimperi var. truncatulum (Austin) Paris O. tenellum var. pumilum (Swartz) Boulin
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 28. Treatment on page 63. Mentioned on page 49, 54, 55, 64, 69.

Plants to 0.5 cm. Stem-leaves stiff, loosely erect-appressed when dry, ovatelanceolate to lanceolate, 1.8–2.8 mm; margins revolute nearly to apex, entire; apex sharply to slenderly acute, usually apiculate, rarely obtuse, not carinate, not incurved when dry; basal laminal cells rectangular, grading to quadrate at margin, walls thin, not nodose; distal cells 14–20 µm, 1-stratose, lumina smooth, rounded, smooth or papillae 1 or 2 per cell, conic, small. Specialized asexual reproduction occasional, by gemmae on leaves. Sexual condition autoicous. Vaginula with hairs absent. Seta to 0.5 mm. Capsule immersed to 3/4 emergent, oblong to oblong-cylindric, 1.2–1.5 mm, strongly 8-ribbed, sometimes constricted below mouth when dry; stomata immersed, mid capsule, not or to 1/2 covered by subsidiary-cells, cells projecting or not, inner walls thickened or not; peristome double; prostome absent; exostome teeth 8, rarely splitting to 16, reflexed, finely and evenly papillose; endostome segments 8, not well developed, of 1 or 2 rows of cells, smooth. Calyptra oblong, smooth, sparsely hairy or rarely naked, hairs smooth. Spores 14–21 µm.


Habitat: Trunks, lower branches, base of deciduous trees, coniferous trees, crevices of rock, open, hardwood forests, trees along roadsides
Elevation: low to moderate elevations (10-1000 m)

Distribution

V28 90-distribution-map.gif

Alta., Man., Ont., Sask., Ariz., Calif., Colo., D.C., Idaho, Ill., Iowa, Kans., Md., Mass., Mich., Minn., Miss., Mo., Mont., Nebr., N.H., N.J., N.Mex., N.Y., N.Dak., Ohio, Okla., Pa., S.C., S.Dak., Tenn., Tex., Utah, Vt., Va., Wash., W.Va., Wis., Europe, n Africa

Discussion

Orthotrichum pumilum usually can be distinguished by the strongly ribbed capsules, reflexed peristome teeth, apiculate leaves with cells larger than 14 µm, and papillae that are very small or absent. In eastern North America, this taxon is uniform and non-variable, but in the West it is much more variable. Many western specimens have capsules that are oblong-cylindric, often strangulate, over 1/2 emergent, and gradually contracted to the seta.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.
... more about "Orthotrichum pumilum"
not carinate;obtuse;acute +
Dale H. Vitt +
Swartz +
not decurrent +
erect +  and ascending +
8-ribbed or 16-ribbed +  and smooth +
oblong;oblong-cylindric +
constricted +
0.12 cm1.2 mm <br />0.0012 m <br /> (0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br />) +
not +  and projecting +
differentiated +
Alta. +, Man. +, Ont. +, Sask. +, Ariz. +, Calif. +, Colo. +, D.C. +, Idaho +, Ill. +, Iowa +, Kans. +, Md. +, Mass. +, Mich. +, Minn. +, Miss. +, Mo. +, Mont. +, Nebr. +, N.H. +, N.J. +, N.Mex. +, N.Y. +, N.Dak. +, Ohio +, Okla. +, Pa. +, S.C. +, S.Dak. +, Tenn. +, Tex. +, Utah +, Vt. +, Va. +, Wash. +, W.Va. +, Wis. +, Europe +  and n Africa +
low to moderate elevations (10-1000 m) +
linear-lanceolate +
rectangular;elliptic +
connate +
occasional +
Trunks, lower branches, base of deciduous trees, coniferous trees, crevices of rock, open, hardwood forests, trees along roadsides +
not +  and thickened +
0.18 cm1.8 mm <br />0.0018 m <br /> (0.28 cm2.8 mm <br />0.0028 m <br />) +
ovatelanceolate +  and lanceolate +
straight +
spreading +  and widespreading +
not rugose +
linear-lanceolate +, lanceolate +, oblong +  and ovate +
rounded +
denticulate +  and entire +
dioicous +, cladautoicous +  and sexual +
rostrate;convex;conic +
mammillose +  and smooth +
autoicous +  and sexual +
sometimes larger +
lateral +  and terminal +
Monthly Rev. +
sinistrorse +, dextrorse +  and erect +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br />) +
papillose +  and smooth +
superficial +
Orthotrichum affine var. fallax +, O. brachytrichum +, O. fallax +, O. fallax var. truncatulum +, O. pumilum var. americanum +, O. pumilum subsp. fallax +, O. pumilum var. fallax +, O. schimperi +, O. schimperi var. truncatulum +  and O. tenellum var. pumilum +
Orthotrichum pumilum +
Orthotrichum +
species +
specialized +
cladautoicous +, pseudautoicous +, dioicous +  and sexual +
not nodose +
incrassate +
olive brown;reddish-brown;olive brown;reddish-brown;dark green +
large +  and small +