Palafoxia

Lagasca

Gen. Sp. Pl., 26. 1816.

Etymology: For General José Palafox, 1776–1847, Spanish patriot
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 21. Treatment on page 388. Mentioned on page 364, 365, 392.
 TaxonIllustrator 
FNA21 P60 Palafoxia sphacelata.jpegPalafoxia sphacelata
Palafoxia rosea
Florestina tripteris
Linda Ann Vorobik
Linda Ann Vorobik
Barbara Alongi

Annuals or perennials, 10–80 (–150+) cm. Stems erect, branched (mostly distally). Leaves cauline; opposite (proximal) or alternate (mostly); petiolate or sessile; blades (1-nerved or 3-nerved) broadly lanceolate to linear, margins entire, faces sparsely to moderately scabrellous to strigillose or appressed-puberulent (hairs 0.1–0.8+ mm), not glanddotted. Heads radiate, discoid, disciform, or radiant, in ± corymbiform arrays. Involucres narrowly cylindric or turbinate to hemispheric, 3–15+ mm diam. Phyllaries persistent or falling (in fruit), 8–14 in 2–3 series (erect in flowering, reflexed in fruit, purplish, or whitish, linear to oblanceolate, subequal or unequal, herbaceous to membranous). Ray-florets 0, or 3–13, pistillate, fertile; corollas white or pinkish to purplish. Disc-florets 12–40 (–90), bisexual, fertile; corollas pinkish to purplish or whitish (glabrous or sparsely hairy, sometimes stipitate-glandular), tubes shorter than cylindric throats or much longer than short, broadly funnelform throats, lobes 5, lance-linear or linear (equal or unequal). Receptacles flat, pitted or knobby, epaleate. Cypselae obpyramidal, 4-angled, densely to sparsely hairy (hairs straight); pappi usually persistent, of 4–10 rotund and callous-thickened, or spatulate to subulate, medially thickened, laterally scarious scales in 1–2 series (all, some, or none aristate, all alike or pappi of outer cypselae shorter, rarely 0). x = 12.

Distribution

s United States, Mexico

Discussion

Species 12 (10 in the flora).

Circumscriptions of species adopted here closely follow those of B. L. Turner and M. I. Morris (1976). Some of their circumscriptions, especially those of Palafoxia callosa, P. rosea, and P. texana, merit reconsideration and possibly different interpretations. Their infraspecific taxa are not formally recognized here.

Key

1 Ray florets 3–13 > 2
1 Ray florets 0 (peripheral florets sometimes with enlarged, ± zygomorphic corollas) > 4
2 Leaf blades narrowly lanceolate to linear, 2–6 mm wide; phyllaries 6–8 mm; cypselae 5–6 mm Palafoxia reverchonii
2 Leaf blades broadly to narrowly lanceolate, 3–25 mm wide; phyllaries 7–16+ mm; cypselae 6–9 mm > 3
3 Stems usually stipitate-glandular ± throughout; phyllaries mostly 3–5 mm wide; ray corollas 10–20 mm, laminae 9–14 mm Palafoxia hookeriana
3 Stems stipitate-glandular only distally (mainly on peduncles), if at all; phyllaries mostly 1.5–3 mm wide; ray corollas 15–25 mm, laminae 5–8(–12) mm Palafoxia sphacelata
4 Corolla throats ± cylindric, longer than lobes > 5
4 Corolla throats ± funnelform, shorter than lobes > 6
5 Perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs; leaf blades narrowly elliptic to ovate; phyllaries 5–9 mm; cypselae 6–8 mm Palafoxia feayi
5 Annuals (rarely persisting); leaf blades narrowly lanceolate to linear; phyllaries 10–25 mm; cypselae 10–16 mm Palafoxia arida
6 Perennials (rhizomatous); phyllaries unequal (outer shorter) Palafoxia integrifolia
6 Annuals (rarely persisting, becoming ± shrubby, not rhizomatous); phyllaries ± equal > 7
7 Involucres ± cylindric; phyllaries 10–15 mm; corollas of outer florets ± zygomorphic Palafoxia riograndensis
7 Involucres ± turbinate to campanulate; phyllaries 3–10 mm; corollas of all florets ± actinomorphic > 8
8 Phyllaries 3–5 mm; corollas 5–6 mm; pappus scales mostly 0.3–1 mm Palafoxia callosa
8 Phyllaries 5–10 mm; corollas 7–10 mm; pappus scales (1.5–)3–8 mm > 9
9 Leaf blades narrowly lanceolate to linear, 2–6(–12) mm wide; phyllar-ies usually stipitate-glandular Palafoxia rosea
9 Leaf blades mostly lanceolate, (5–)10–20 mm wide; phyllaries rarely stipitate-glandular Palafoxia texana
... more about "Palafoxia"
not tailed +, rounded +  and obtuse +
connate +  and distinct +
subequal +
scarious +
usually ovate +  and lanceolate +
usually deltate +  and lanceolate +
paniculiform +, cymiform +  and corymbiform +
indeterminate +  and determinate +
John L. Strother +
Lagasca +
decurrent +
compound +  and simple +
broadly lanceolate;linear +
winged;ribbed;winged;ribbed +
tuberculate +  and rugose +
barbellulate +  and barbellate +
connate +  and distinct +
pinkish +  and purplish or whitish +
stipitate-glandular +  and hairy +
4-angled +  and obpyramidal +
fertile +  and bisexual +
fertile +  and bisexual +
s United States +  and Mexico +
For General José Palafox, 1776–1847, Spanish patriot +
appressed-puberulent +  and strigillose +
scabrellous +
pistillate +, staminate +  and neuter +
winged +  and beaked +
dispersed +
campanulate +  and cylindric +
disciform +  and discoid +
indeterminate +
homogamous +  and heterogamous +
each +  and sessile +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
turbinate;hemispheric +
sessile +  and petiolate +
alternate +  and opposite +
linear +  and lance-linear +
deltate +  and linear +
2-carpellate +
persistent +
spatulate +  and subulate +
thickened +  and callous-thickened +
8 +  and 14 +
Gen. Sp. Pl., +
bearing subulate enations +, hairy +  and bristly +
turner1976b +
distinct +
4 +  and 20 +
exalbuminous +
appendaged +  and truncate +
hirsutulous +  and glabrous +
papillate +
Undefined (tribe Undefined) subtribe Bahiinae +  and Undefined (tribe Undefined) subtribe Palafoxiinae +
Palafoxia +
Asteraceae (tribe Heliantheae) subtribe Chaenactidinae +
cylindric +
80 cm800 mm <br />0.8 m <br /> (300 cm3,000 mm <br />3 m <br />) +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (80 cm800 mm <br />0.8 m <br />) +
much longer than short +
toothed +  and entire +
80 cm800 mm <br />0.8 m <br /> (150 cm1,500 mm <br />1.5 m <br />) +
perennial +  and annual +
10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br /> (80 cm800 mm <br />0.8 m <br />) +
80 cm800 mm <br />0.8 m <br /> (300 cm3,000 mm <br />3 m <br />) +
shrub +  and subshrub +