familyPlantaginaceae
genusPenstemon
subgenusPenstemon subg. Penstemon
sectionPenstemon sect. Cristati
speciesPenstemon cobaea
varietyPenstemon cobaea var. purpureus

Penstemon cobaea var. purpureus

Pennell

Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 73: 490. 1922.

Craig C. Freeman
Endemic
Synonyms: Penstemon cobaea subsp. purpureus (Pennell) Pennell
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 17. Treatment on page 132. Mentioned on page 131.

Corollas violet to purple. 2n = 16.


Phenology: Flowering Apr–Jun.
Habitat: Limestone and dolomite glades, barrens, cliffs, calcareous prairies.
Elevation: 100–300 m.

Distribution

Ark., Mo., Okla.

Discussion

Variety purpureus is concentrated in the Ozark Plateau of north-central Arkansas and south-central Missouri. Populations of Penstemon cobaea on the Coastal Plain region of southwestern Arkansas and southeastern Oklahoma, which are 300–400 km disjunct from the core populations of var. purpureus, are included here.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"/4+timescorollathroat" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.

... more about "Penstemon cobaea var. purpureus"
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2n chromosome quantity
16 +
Abaxial lobe quantity
3 +
Adaxial lobe quantity
2 +
Androecium position
hypogynous +
Apex shape
obtuse +, acute +  and rounded +
Author
Craig C. Freeman +
Authority
Pennell +
Axis pubescence
glandular-pubescent +
Basal leaf architecture
simple +
Basal leaf arrangement
alternate +, opposite +, whorled +, helical +  and subopposite +
Base architecture or fixation
cordate-clasping +
Base shape
tapered;tapered +
Basionyms
Penstemon +
Blade shape
ovate;lanceolate +
Blade texture
not +  and leathery +
Bract presence
absent +
Bracteole size
smaller +
Calyx architecture or shape
symmetric +
Calyx lobe atypical length
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
Calyx lobe length
10mm;16mm +
Calyx lobe pubescence
glandular-pubescent +
Calyx lobe shape
ovate;lanceolate +
Calyx lobe width
2.5mm;4.5mm +
Calyx position relational
not surrounding +
Calyx shape
short-tubular +  and short-campanulate +
Capsule length
1.3 cm13 mm <br />0.013 m <br /> (1.8 cm18 mm <br />0.018 m <br />) +
Capsule pubescence
glandular-pubescent +  and glabrous +
Capsule width
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
Caudex architecture
rhizomelike +
Caudex growth form or texture
herbaceous +
Caudex texture
woody +
Cauline blade architecture
sessile +
Cauline blade atypical length
12 cm120 mm <br />0.12 m <br /> (15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br />) +
Cauline blade atypical width
4.5 cm45 mm <br />0.045 m <br /> (5.4 cm54 mm <br />0.054 m <br />) +
Cauline blade length
3.5 cm35 mm <br />0.035 m <br /> (12 cm120 mm <br />0.12 m <br />) +
Cauline blade quantity
4;8 +
Cauline blade width
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (4.5 cm45 mm <br />0.045 m <br />) +
Connective architecture or dehiscence
splitting +
Corolla architecture
not personate +, rarely nearly radially symmetric +  and weakly strongly bilabiate +
Corolla architecture or shape
symmetric +
Corolla coloration
violet +  and purple +
Corolla coloration or density
purple +
Corolla pubescence
glandular-pubescent +
Corolla shape
ventricose +  and tubular-funnelform +
Corolla size
ventricose-ampliate +
Corolla some measurement
3.5 cm35 mm <br />0.035 m <br /> (5.5 cm55 mm <br />0.055 m <br />) +
Cyme architecture
2-6-flowered +
Cyme quantity
2 +
Distal flower pubescence
villous +
Distal flower some measurement
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +
Distal leaf-blade shape
scale-like +  and not needlelike +
Distribution
Ark. +, Mo. +  and Okla. +
Drupe shape
drupe-like +
Elevation
100–300 m. +
Embryo course
curved +  and straight +
Endosperm presence
absent +
Filament pubescence
glabrous +
Flower quantity
1 +  and 4 +
Flower reproduction
bisexual +
Fruits capsule arrangement
packed +
Fruits capsule dehiscence
septicidal +
Habitat
Limestone and dolomite glades, barrens, cliffs, calcareous prairies. +
Hair coloration
golden yellow +  and white +
Hair some measurement
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br />) +
Hair texture
membranous +
Illustration copyright
Flora of North America Association +
Illustrator
John Myers +
Inflorescence position
terminal +  and axillary +
Inflorescence position or structure subtype
terminal +
Lateral branch architecture
cymose +
Leaf architecture
short-petiolate +, sessile +  and petiolate +
Leaf arrangement
whorled +  and opposite +
Leaf duration
persistent +  and deciduous +
Leaf position
cauline +  and basal +
Leaf pubescence
not glaucous +, glandular-villous +, villous +, pubescent +, glandular-pubescent +, hairy +, scabrous +, glabrate +  and glabrous +
Leaf texture
not +  and leathery +
Lobe quantity
5 (?) +
Lobe shape
orbiculate;linear;orbiculate;linear;truncate;oblanceolate;obovate;oblong;elliptic;round;lanceolate;ovate +
Margin architecture or relief
erose +
Margin architecture or shape
dentate +
Margin pubescence
glabrous +, puberulent +, hairy +, scabrous +, glandular-villous +  and glandular-pubescent +
Margin shape
subentire to serrate +  and subentire +
Margin shape or architecture
serrate to dentate +
Margin texture
scarious +  and herbaceous +
Nectar guide coloration
reddish purple +
Number of lower taxa
0 +
Ovary architecture or structure in adjective form
2-locular +
Ovary arrangement
axile +  and parietal +
Ovary placentation
axile +
Ovary position
basal +, apical +  and superior +
Ovule architecture
tenuinucellate +, unitegmic +  and hemitropous +
Ovule orientation
campylotropous +, hemianatropous +  and anatropous +
Panicle architecture
spiciform +
Pedicel orientation
ascending +  and erect +
Pedicel presence
absent +
Pedicel pubescence
glandular-pubescent +
Peduncle orientation
ascending;erect +
Peduncle pubescence
glandular-pubescent +
Perianth position
hypogynous +
Petal fusion
connate +
Petal presence
absent +
Petal quantity
5 +  and 4 +
Petiole presence
absent +
Phenology
Flowering Apr–Jun. +
Pistil architecture
2-carpellate +
Pistil quantity
1 +
Pollen-sac architecture or shape
saccate +
Pollen-sac arrangement
opposite +
Pollen-sac course or shape
navicular-sigmoid +
Pollen-sac dehiscence
dehiscing +
Pollen-sac distance
0.13 cm1.3 mm <br />0.0013 m <br /> (0.16 cm1.6 mm <br />0.0016 m <br />) +
Pollen-sac orientation
explanate +
Pollen-sac position
proximal +
Pollen-sac quantity
1/5 +  and 1/2 +
Pollen-sac shape
navicular +
Proximal bract length
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (7.8 cm78 mm <br />0.078 m <br />) +
Proximal bract shape
ovate +
Proximal bract width
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (7.4 cm74 mm <br />0.074 m <br />) +
Publication title
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia +
Publication year
1922 +
Reference
None +
Rim presence
absent +
Rim size
minute +
Seed atypical quantity
40 (100) +
Seed coloration
black +, dark-brown +  and brown +
Seed quantity
5;40 +
Seed shape
angled +  and reniform or slightly rounded +
Seed some measurement
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.48 cm4.8 mm <br />0.0048 m <br />) +
Sepal atypical quantity
2 (4) +
Sepal fusion
connate +
Sepal quantity
5 +
Side pubescence
glabrous +
Source xml
https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V17/V17 337.xml +
Special status
Endemic +
Species growth form
shrubby +
Stamen architecture
didynamous +
Stamen atypical quantity
1 (3) +
Stamen fusion
adnate +
Stamen length or size
longer +
Stamen position
included +
Stamen quantity
4 +
Staminode diameter
0.06 cm0.6 mm <br />6.0e-4 m <br /> (0.09 cm0.9 mm <br />9.0e-4 m <br />) +
Staminode position
exserted +  and included +
Staminode presence
absent +
Staminode quantity
1 +
Staminode shape
flattened +
Staminode some measurement
2.3 cm23 mm <br />0.023 m <br /> (?) +  and 3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (?) +
Staminode variability
equal +
Stem architecture or function or pubescence
glandular +
Stem arrangement
subalternate +, alternate +, whorled +  and opposite +
Stem atypical some measurement
65 cm650 mm <br />0.65 m <br /> (100 cm1,000 mm <br />1 m <br />) +
Stem growth form
climbing +  and scrambling +
Stem growth form or orientation
sprawling +, creeping +  and prostrate +
Stem life cycle
withering +
Stem orientation
retrorsely ascending;erect +
Stem position
basal +
Stem presence
absent +
Stem pubescence
puberulent +  and pubescent +
Stem some measurement
25 cm250 mm <br />0.25 m <br /> (65 cm650 mm <br />0.65 m <br />) +
Stem texture
not +  and leathery +
Stigma architecture or shape
capitate +
Stigma quantity
1 +
Stipule presence
absent +
Style atypical quantity
0 (?) +
Style pubescence
glandular-pubescent +  and glabrous +
Style quantity
1 +
Style some measurement
1.8 cm18 mm <br />0.018 m <br /> (3.4 cm34 mm <br />0.034 m <br />) +
Suture architecture or pubescence or relief
smooth +
Suture relief
papillate +  and smooth +
Suture shape
denticulate +
Synonyms
Penstemon cobaea subsp. purpureus +
Taxon family
Plantaginaceae +
Taxon name
Penstemon cobaea var. purpureus +
Taxon parent
Penstemon cobaea +
Taxon rank
variety +
Throat diameter
1.8 cm18 mm <br />0.018 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +
Throat shape
rounded +  and inflated +
Throat size
constricted +
Thyrse architecture
continuous +  and interrupted +
Thyrse atypical some measurement
30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br /> (52 cm520 mm <br />0.52 m <br />) +
Thyrse shape
cylindric +
Thyrse some measurement
10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br /> (30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br />) +
Tip architecture
coiled +
Tip course
straight +
Tip orientation
recurved +
Tube base shape
gibbous +  and not spurred +
Tube some measurement
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (1.4 cm14 mm <br />0.014 m <br />) +
Verticillaster atypical quantity
6 (8) +
Verticillaster quantity
3 (6) +
Volume
Volume 17 +
Whole-organism architecture
petiolate +
Whole-organism position
cauline +  and proximal +
Whole organism architecture
acaulescent +  and caulescent +
Whole organism duration
perennial +
Whole organism growth form
herb +
Whole organism nutrition
autotrophic +
Whole organism texture
fleshy +
Wing presence
absent +
Wing quantity
8 +
Wing size or width
narrow +