Phryma leptostachya var. leptostachya

IllustratedEndemic
Synonyms: Phyrma leptostachya var. confertifolia Fernald
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 17. Treatment on page 371. Mentioned on page 368, 372.

Stems reddish, sometimes green, simple or branched, 4–10 dm, swollen distal to each node, some hairs glandular. Leaves: petiole 2–5 cm; blade ovate to ovatelanceolate, 5–16 × 3–10 cm, base cuneate to truncate, apex acute to acuminate, surfaces glabrous or puberulent. Inflorescences: flowers opposite or subopposite; proximal bracts cordate, leaflike, distal usually present, subulate, 1/3–1/2 distance between base of inflorescence and proximal flowers. Pedicels to 1 mm; bracteoles 3, persistent, subulate. Flowers: calyx green, 5–8 mm, glabrous, abaxial lobes 2, triangular, 0.1–0.5 mm, adaxial 3, subulate-uncinate and indurate in fruit, 2–3 mm; corolla glabrous externally, puberulent on abaxial lip at mouth, tube 8–12 mm, abaxial lobes white to lavender, 2–4 mm, apex rounded, adaxial lavender to purple, 2–4 mm, apex acute, usually emarginate; ovule 1; style slightly exserted, glabrous; stigma lobes unequal. Achenes strongly reflexed and appressed to infructescence axis, 3–4 mm. 2n = 28.


Phenology: Flowering May–Aug; fruiting Jul–Oct.
Habitat: Moist woods, edges of woods.
Elevation: 10–1500 m.

Distribution

Man., N.B., Ont., Que., Ark., Conn., Del., D.C., Fla., Ga., Ill., Ind., Iowa, Kans., Ky., La., Maine, Md., Mass., Mich., Minn., Miss., Mo., Nebr., N.H., N.J., N.Y., N.C., N.Dak., Ohio, Okla., Pa., R.I., S.C., S.Dak., Tenn., Tex., Vt., Va., W.Va., Wis., Wyo.

Discussion

Variety leptostachya ranges from eastern North America to easternmost Wyoming and eastern Texas and Manitoba. Phryma had previously been reported as occurring as a garden waif in central California (C. Best et al. 1996); it has since been rejected as being naturalized in that state (http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/cgi-bin/get_cpn.pl?37935). Fruit dispersal is presumably via animals, with attachment facilitated by the uncinate lobes of the persistent calyx (P. D. Cantino 2004).

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"dm" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.

0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
subulate-uncinate +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (?) +  and 0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (?) +
acute +, rounded +  and acuminate +
Jay B. Walker +
Linnaeus +
cuneate;truncate +
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (16 cm160 mm <br />0.16 m <br />) +
ovate;ovatelanceolate +
not fleshy +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br />) +
campanulate +
accrescent +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
lavender;purple +
puberulent +  and glabrous +
campanulate +
Man. +, N.B. +, Ont. +, Que. +, Ark. +, Conn. +, Del. +, D.C. +, Fla. +, Ga. +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Iowa +, Kans. +, Ky. +, La. +, Maine +, Md. +, Mass. +, Mich. +, Minn. +, Miss. +, Mo. +, Nebr. +, N.H. +, N.J. +, N.Y. +, N.C. +, N.Dak. +, Ohio +, Okla. +, Pa. +, R.I. +, S.C. +, S.Dak. +, Tenn. +, Tex. +, Vt. +, Va. +, W.Va. +, Wis. +  and Wyo. +
10–1500 m. +
subopposite +  and opposite +
erect;nodding or strongly reflexed +
reduced +
Moist woods, edges of woods. +
decussate +  and opposite +
persistent +  and deciduous +
subulate-uncinate;triangular +
pinnate +  and crenate-serrate +
toothed +  and entire +
basal +  and superior +
tenuinucellate +  and unitegmic +
orthotropous +  and anatropous +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br />) +
Flowering May–Aug +  and fruiting Jul–Oct. +
reflexed +, horizontal +  and ascending +
long-pedunculate +
elongate +  and spikelike +
brown +  and yellowish-brown +
ellipsoid +
Illustrated +  and Endemic +
branched +  and simple +
green +  and reddish +
puberulent +  and glabrous +
swollen +
puberulent +  and glabrous +
Phyrma leptostachya var. confertifolia +
Phryma leptostachya var. leptostachya +
Phryma leptostachya +
variety +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br />) +