Phyllanthus angustifolius

(Swartz) Swartz

Fl. Ind. Occid. 2: 1111. 1800.

Common names: Foliage flower swordbush
Introduced
Basionym: Xylophylla angustifolia Swartz Prodr., 28. 1788
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 12. Treatment on page 345. Mentioned on page 335, 336.

Shrubs, monoecious, 10–30 dm; branching phyllanthoid. Stems: main-stems terete, not winged, glabrous; ultimate branchlets deciduous, flat cladodes to 1 cm wide, not winged, glabrous. Leaves on main-stems deciduous, spiral, scalelike; stipules not auriculate, dark-brown. Leaves on ultimate branchlets caducous, distichous, scalelike; stipules absent. Inflorescences cymules, bisexual or staminate, with 1–2 (–3) pistillate and/or 2–5 staminate flowers. Pedicels: staminate (1–) 2–6 mm, pistillate spreading in fruit, (1–) 2–4 (–7) mm. Staminate flowers: sepals 6, purplish-pink to cream, flat, (0.8–) 1–1.5 (–2.3) mm; nectary extrastaminal, 6 distinct glands; stamens 3 (–5), filaments connate 1/2–3/4 length. Pistillate flowers: sepals 6, purplish-pink to cream, flat, 1–1.5 (–2.2) mm, 1-veined; nectary annular, undulate or crenulate. Capsules 3–4 mm diam., finely wrinkled. Seeds uniformly brown, 1.4–2.6 mm, irregularly verrucose.


Phenology: Flowering and fruiting year-round.
Habitat: Disturbed hammocks.
Elevation: 0–10 m.

Distribution

V12 95-distribution-map.jpg

Introduced; Fla., West Indies (Cayman Islands), West Indies (Jamaica), West Indies (Swan Islands)

Discussion

Phyllanthus angustifolius is cultivated as an ornamental throughout the West Indies and in Florida. It has become naturalized in southern Florida (Miami-Dade and Monroe counties). The flattened ultimate branchlets are strikingly leaflike; their correct homology is demonstrated by the cymules of flowers borne along the margins. J. K. Small (1933) referred the Florida plants to Xylophylla angustifolia var. linearis Swartz, but that name is a synonym of P. arbuscula (Swartz) J. F. Gmelin, a West Indian species that also is cultivated in Florida but does not appear to have become naturalized there.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"/2" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property. "/4" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property."elongating" is not a number."connate" is not a number."/2" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.

... more about "Phyllanthus angustifolius"
connate +
Geoffrey A. Levin +
(Swartz) Swartz +
Xylophylla angustifolia +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
Foliage flower +  and swordbush +
Fla. +, West Indies (Cayman Islands) +, West Indies (Jamaica) +  and West Indies (Swan Islands) +
0–10 m. +
pistillate +  and staminate +
distinct +
Disturbed hammocks. +
not branching +  and simple +
bisexual +  and unisexual +
paniclelike +  and racemelike +
deciduous +  and persistent +
scale-like +
extrastaminal +
crenulate +, undulate +  and annular +
pistillate +  and staminate +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
distinct +
Flowering and fruiting year-round. +
3(-4)-carpellate +
Fl. Ind. Occid. +
smooth +  and ribbed +
papillate +  and verrucose +
verrucose +
rounded-trigonous +
0.14 cm1.4 mm <br />0.0014 m <br /> (?) +  and 0.26 cm2.6 mm <br />0.0026 m <br /> (?) +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.22 cm2.2 mm <br />0.0022 m <br />) +
purplish-pink;cream +
persistent +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br />) +
Introduced +
free +, connate +  and distinct +
erect;prostrate +
not auriculate +
connate +  and distinct +
Reverchonia +
Phyllanthus angustifolius +
Phyllanthus +
species +
caducous +  and deciduous +
perennial +  and annual +
hairy +  and glabrous +
13 +, 9 +  and 8 +