Poa compressa

L.
Common names: Canada bluegrass
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 24. Treatment on page 579.
Please click on the illustration for a higher resolution version.
Illustrator: Sandy Long

Copyright: Utah State University

Plants perennial; usually with solitary shoots, sometimes loosely tufted, extensively rhizomatous. Culms 15-60 cm, wiry, bases usually geniculate, strongly compressed; nodes strongly compressed, some proximal nodes usually exserted. Sheaths closed for 1/10 – 1/5 their length, distinctly compressed, bases of basal sheaths glabrous; ligules 1-3 mm, moderately to densely scabrous, ciliolate, apices obtuse; blades 1.5-4 mm wide, flat, cauline blades subequal. Panicles 2-10 cm, generally 1/6 - 1/3 as wide as long, erect, linear, lanceoloid to ovoid, often interrupted, sparse to congested, with 15-80 spikelets and mostly with 1-3 branches per node; branches 0.5-3 cm, erect to ascending, or infrequently spreading, angles densely scabrous, at least in part, with 1-15 spikelets. Spikelets (2.3) 3.5-7 mm, laterally compressed; florets 3-7; rachilla internodes usually shorter than 1 mm, smooth to muriculate. Glumes distinctly keeled; lower glumes 3-veined; calluses usually webbed, sometimes glabrous; lemmas 2.3-3.5 mm, lanceolate, distinctly keeled, keels and marginal veins short-villous, intercostal regions glabrous, lateral-veins obscure, margins glabrous, apices acute; paleas scabrous over the keels; anthers 1.3-1.8 mm. 2n = 35, 42, 49, 50, 56, 84.

Distribution

Conn., N.J., N.Y., Wash., W.Va., Del., D.C., Wis., Idaho, Mont., Oreg., Wyo., Pacific Islands (Hawaii), Kans., N.Dak., Nebr., S.Dak., Mass., Maine, N.H., R.I., Vt., N.Mex., Tex., La., Tenn., N.C., S.C., Pa., Alaska, Nev., Va., Colo., Alta., B.C., Man., N.B., Nfld. and Labr., N.S., N.W.T., Ont., P.E.I., Que., Sask., Yukon, Ala., Ark., Ill., Ga., Ind., Iowa, Okla., Ariz., Calif., Md., Ohio, Utah, Mo., Minn., Mich., Miss., Ky.

Discussion

Poa compressa is common in much of the Flora region. It is sometimes considered to be native, but this seems doubtful. It is rare and thought to be introduced in Siberia and only local in the Russian Far East, but is common in Europe. In the Flora region, it is often seeded for soil stabilization, and has frequently escaped. It grows mainly in riparian areas, wet meadows, and disturbed ground. Its distinctly compressed nodes and culms, exserted lower culm nodes, rhizomatous growth habit, and scabrous panicle branches make it easily identifiable.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"decumbent" is not a number.

... more about "Poa compressa"
84 +, 56 +, 50 +, 49 +, 42 +  and 35 +
membranous +  and scarious +
puberulent +, hispidulous +, hairy +  and glabrous +
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (?) +
0.13 cm1.3 mm <br />0.0013 m <br /> (0.18 cm1.8 mm <br />0.0018 m <br />) +
bronze-colored +
acute +  and obtuse +
Robert J. Soreng +
1 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
straight +
basal +  and terminal +
keeled +  and rounded +
strigose +  and glabrous +
pseudopetiolate +  and branching +
intravaginal +, extravaginal +, branching +  and basal +
compressed +  and geniculate +
swelling +
not evident +
involute +, folded +  and flat +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
erect;ascending or infrequently spreading +
hispidulous +, glabrous +, smooth or +  and sparsely densely scabrous +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br />) +
glabrous +  and webbed +
compressed +  and terete +
Canada bluegrass +
ascending +  and erect +
compressed +
15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br /> (60 cm600 mm <br />0.6 m <br />) +
not woody +
Conn. +, N.J. +, N.Y. +, Wash. +, W.Va. +, Del. +, D.C. +, Wis. +, Idaho +, Mont. +, Oreg. +, Wyo. +, Pacific Islands (Hawaii) +, Kans. +, N.Dak. +, Nebr. +, S.Dak. +, Mass. +, Maine +, N.H. +, R.I. +, Vt. +, N.Mex. +, Tex. +, La. +, Tenn. +, N.C. +, S.C. +, Pa. +, Alaska +, Nev. +, Va. +, Colo. +, Alta. +, B.C. +, Man. +, N.B. +, Nfld. and Labr. +, N.S. +, N.W.T. +, Ont. +, P.E.I. +, Que. +, Sask. +, Yukon +, Ala. +, Ark. +, Ill. +, Ga. +, Ind. +, Iowa +, Okla. +, Ariz. +, Calif. +, Md. +, Ohio +, Utah +, Mo. +, Minn. +, Mich. +, Miss. +  and Ky. +
1/4 +  and 1/3 +
liquid +, soft +  and hard +
capillary +
pistillate +  and staminate +
sometimes longer +
3 +  and 7 +
compressed +
reduced +
1-3(5)-veined +
shorter or longer +
subtending +
unequal +
distributed +
uncinate +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (?) +
0 +  and 1/6 +
Oval (?) +  and Round (?) +
milky white +  and slightly greenish +
short-villous +
keeled +  and lanceolate +
5(7-11)-veined +
hairy +, glabrous +  and chartaceous +
muriculate +
rounded +  and weakly or distinctly keeled +
0.23 cm2.3 mm <br />0.0023 m <br /> (0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br />) +
coriaceous-membranous +
erose +  and entire +
white +  and milky white or hyaline +
lacerate +, truncate +  and acuminate +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
membranous +
inconspicuous +
lobed +  and lanceolate +
milky white +  and slightly greenish +
keeled +  and lanceolate +
concealed +  and prominent +
0 +  and 5 +
compressed +
2 +  and 1 +
well-developed +
2-keeled +
subequal +
1/6 +  and 1/3 +
lanceoloid +  and ovoid +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br />) +
dry +  and fleshy +
pubescent +, glabrous +, scabrous +  and smooth +
compressed +
not bulbiferous +
1 +  and 15 +
compressed +
0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
1 +  and 3 +
simple +  and compound +
2 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
Gramineae +
Poa compressa +
Poa sect. Tichopoa +
species +
membranous +
parallel +  and converging +
branching +  and rhizomatous +
aquatic +  and terrestrial +