Poa cuspidata

Nutt.
Common names: Early bluegrass
Endemic
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 24. Treatment on page 545.
Please click on the illustration for a higher resolution version.
Illustrator: Sandy Long

Copyright: Utah State University

Plants perennial; loosely tufted or with solitary shoots, shortly rhizomatous. Basal branching mainly extravaginal. Culms 15-60 cm, erect or the bases decumbent, not branching above the base, terete or weakly compressed; nodes terete, 0-1 exserted. Sheaths closed for about 1/2 their length, slightly compressed, distinctly keeled, glabrous, bases of basal sheaths glabrous, distal sheath lengths 4-60 times blade lengths; collars of proximal leaves usually retrorsely scabrous or pubescent distally and about the throat; ligules 0.5-4 mm, smooth or scabrous, apices truncate to acute; innovation blades similar to the cauline blades; cauline blades 1-4 mm wide, usually flat, sometimes slightly folded, smooth or sparsely scabrous, primarily over the veins, apices broadly prow-shaped, blades steeply reduced in length distally, flag leaf-blades 0.2-3 (6) cm. Panicles 5-15 cm, erect or lax, pyramidal, open, sparse, with 20-80 spikelets, proximal internodes usually 3+ cm; nodes usually with 2 branches; branches (2) 3-7 (10) cm, spreading to reflexed, straight, angled, angles scabrous, with 2-8 (10) spikelets. Spikelets 5-8 mm, lengths to 3.5 times widths, laterally compressed, not sexually dimorphic; florets 2-5; rachilla internodes smooth. Glumes narrowly lanceolate to lanceolate, distinctly keeled; lower glumes 1-3-veined; calluses webbed, hairs over 1/3 the lemma length; lemmas 3-6 mm, lanceolate, distinctly keeled, keels and marginal veins sparsely short to long-villous, lateral-veins moderately prominent, intercostal regions glabrous or the upper florets in the spikelets softly puberulent, margins glabrous, apices acute; palea keels scabrous, softly puberulent at midlength; anthers vestigial (0.1-0.2 mm) or 2-3.5 mm. 2n = 28.

Distribution

Md., N.J., W.Va., Pa., La., Del., Ala., D.C., Tenn., N.C., S.C., Va., Ohio, Ga., Ind., N.Y., Ky.

Discussion

Poa cuspidata is a common species of forest openings in the Appalachian Mountains. It is an eastern counterpart of P. arnowiae (see previous), P. tracyi (p. 543), and P. nervosa (see next). Like those species, it is sequentially gynomonoecious.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"reduced" is not a number."thin" is not a number."decumbent" is not a number.

... more about "Poa cuspidata"
membranous +  and scarious +
hispidulous +, glabrous +, scabrous +  and smooth +
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (?) +
0.01 cm0.1 mm <br />1.0e-4 m <br /> (0.45 cm4.5 mm <br />0.0045 m <br />) +
scarious-hyaline +
acute +, prow--shaped +  and truncate +
Robert J. Soreng +
1 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
straight +
basal +  and terminal +
keeled +  and rounded +
strigose +  and glabrous +
not branching +
intravaginal +, extravaginal +, branching +  and basal +
compressed +  and terete +
swelling +
not evident +
involute +, folded +  and flat +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (?) +
spreading;reflexed +
hispidulous +, glabrous +, smooth or +  and sparsely densely scabrous +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br />) +
compressed +  and terete +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
Early bluegrass +
unbranched +  and hollow +
terete or +  and weakly strongly compressed +
15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br /> (60 cm600 mm <br />0.6 m <br />) +
not woody +
Md. +, N.J. +, W.Va. +, Pa. +, La. +, Del. +, Ala. +, D.C. +, Tenn. +, N.C. +, S.C. +, Va. +, Ohio +, Ga. +, Ind. +, N.Y. +  and Ky. +
1/4 +  and 1/3 +
liquid +, soft +  and hard +
capillary +
pistillate +  and staminate +
sometimes longer +
2 +  and 5 +
compressed +
reduced +
1-3(5)-veined +
shorter or longer +
subtending +
keeled +, narrowly lanceolate +  and lanceolate +
unequal +
distributed +
uncinate +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (?) +
0 +  and 1/6 +
Oval (?) +  and Round (?) +
hispidulous +, glabrous +, scabrous +  and smooth +
milky white +  and slightly greenish +
long-villous +
keeled +  and lanceolate +
5(7-11)-veined +
hairy +, glabrous +  and chartaceous +
lanceolate +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
membranous +
erose +  and entire +
white +  and milky white or hyaline +
puberulent +, glabrous +, scabrous +  and smooth +
lacerate +, truncate +  and acuminate +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
membranous +
inconspicuous +
lobed +  and lanceolate +
milky white +  and slightly greenish +
keeled +  and lanceolate +
concealed +  and prominent +
0 +  and 1 +
2 +  and 1 +
well-developed +
2-keeled +
subequal +
pyramidal +
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br />) +
dry +  and fleshy +
pubescent +, glabrous +, scabrous +  and smooth +
keeled +  and compressed +
not bulbiferous +
compressed +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
1 +  and 3 +
simple +  and compound +
2 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
Gramineae +
Poa cuspidata +
Poa subsect. Poa +
species +
membranous +
parallel +  and converging +
with solitary shoots +  and tufted +
aquatic +  and terrestrial +