Poa secunda subsp. juncifolia

(Scribn.) Soreng
Common names: Alkali bluegrass Big bluegrass Nevada bluegrass
Synonyms: Poa ampla Poa nevadensis var. juncifolia Poa nevadensis Poa juncifolia var. atnpla Poa juncifolia
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 24. Treatment on page 586.
Please click on the illustration for a higher resolution version.
Illustrator: Sandy Long

Copyright: Utah State University

Basal leaf tufts usually medium to robust, infrequently tiny. Basal branching mainly extravaginal. Culms 30-120 cm. Ligules of culm leaves 0.5-6 mm, those of the innovations 0.5-2 mm, scabrous, apices truncate to obtuse; blades 1-3 (5) mm, moderately thick to thick, slightly lax to firm, tending to hold their form and persist. Panicles (4) 10-25 (30) cm, narrowly lanceoloid, contracted, congested; branches erect, scabrous. Spikelets (4) 7-10 mm, lengths 4-5 times widths, narrowly lanceolate, subterete; calluses glabrous; lemmas sparsely to moderately scabridulous to scabrous, usually glabrous, keels and marginal veins infrequently crisply puberulent on the basal 1/4, hairs usually shorter than 0.2 mm; paleas glabrous. 2n = 42, 56, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, ca. 65, ca. 66, 70, 78, 84, ca. 97.

Discussion

Poa secunda subsp. juncifolia is usually more robust than subsp. secunda, and generally inhabits moister and sometimes saline habitats. It comprises two fairly distinct variants: a robust upland variant that is frequently used for revegetation (P. ampla Merr., Big Bluegrass) that grows in deep, rich, montane soils; and a riparian and wet meadow variant (P. juncifolia Scribn., Alkali Bluegrass). Apart from generally having glabrous lemmas, short ligules on the vegetative shoots, and leaf blades that hold their form better, P. secunda subsp. juncifolia differs anatomically in the predominance of sinuous-walled, rectangular long cells in the blade epidermis; smooth-walled, fusiform long cells are predominant in P. secunda subsp. secunda. Plants with glabrous lemmas and long ligules on the vegetative shoots have been called P. nevadensis Vasey ex Scribn.; they are intermediate between the subspecies. Chromosome numbers for P. secunda subsp. juncifolia center on 2n = 63, indicating a high degree of apomixis.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"moderately thick" is not a number."reduced" is not a number."decumbent" is not a number.

97 +, 84 +, 78 +, 70 +, 66 +, 65 +, 64 +, 63 +, 62 +, 61 +, 60 +, 56 +  and 42 +
membranous +  and scarious +
puberulent +, hispidulous +, hairy +  and glabrous +
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (?) +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
scarious-hyaline +
truncate +  and obtuse +
Robert J. Soreng +
(Scribn.) Soreng +
1 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
straight +
basal +  and terminal +
keeled +  and rounded +
strigose +  and glabrous +
pseudopetiolate +  and branching +
intravaginal +, extravaginal +, branching +  and basal +
compressed +  and terete +
swelling +
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (?) +
persisting +
not evident +
involute +, folded +  and flat +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (?) +
hispidulous +, glabrous +, smooth or +  and sparsely densely scabrous +
terete +  and weakly angled +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br />) +
compressed +  and terete +
glabrous +, scabrous +  and smooth +
Alkali bluegrass +, Big bluegrass +  and Nevada bluegrass +
unbranched +  and hollow +
compressed +, terete +  and capillary +
slender +  and stout +
30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br /> (120 cm1,200 mm <br />1.2 m <br />) +
not woody +
Maine +, Colo. +, N.Mex. +, Wash. +, Wyo. +, Utah +, Calif. +, Mich. +, Idaho +, Mont. +, Alta. +, B.C. +, N.W.T. +, Ont. +, Que. +, Sask. +, Yukon +, Minn. +, N.Dak. +, Nebr. +, Okla. +, S.Dak. +, Ariz. +, Alaska +, Nev. +  and Oreg. +
1/4 +  and 1/3 +
liquid +, soft +  and hard +
capillary +
pistillate +  and staminate +
sometimes longer +
3 +  and 5 +
compressed +
reduced +
bulb-forming +  and normal +
1-3(5)-veined +
shorter or longer +
subtending +
lanceolate +
unequal +
distributed +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (?) +
sinuous +
uncinate +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (?) +
0 +  and 1/6 +
Oval (?) +  and Round (?) +
milky white +  and slightly greenish +
puberulent +, short-villous +, glabrous +, scabrous +  and smooth +
indistinct +
puberulent +
5(7-11)-veined +
scabridulous to scabrous +  and scabridulous +
keeled +, lanceolate +  and narrowly lanceolate or slightly oblanceolate +
subequal +
0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
membranous +
erose +  and entire +
white +  and milky white or hyaline +
ciliolate +  and smooth +
truncate +  and acuminate +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
membranous +
inconspicuous +
lobed +  and lanceolate +
milky white +  and slightly greenish +
concealed +  and prominent +
0 +  and 2 +
2 +  and 1 +
well-developed +
2-keeled +
subequal +
4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br /> (?) +
anthocyanic +  and green +
lanceoloid +
10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br /> (25 cm250 mm <br />0.25 m <br />) +
dry +  and fleshy +
pubescent +, glabrous +, scabrous +  and smooth +
glabrous +, scabrous +  and smooth +
anthocyanic +, green +  and drab +
2 +  and 20 +
subterete +  and lanceolate +
0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
1 +  and 3 +
simple +  and compound +
2 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
Poa ampla +, Poa nevadensis var. juncifolia +, Poa nevadensis +, Poa juncifolia var. atnpla +  and Poa juncifolia +
Poa secunda subsp. juncifolia +
Poa secunda +
subspecies +
membranous +
parallel +  and converging +
stoloniferous +  and rhizomatous +
aquatic +  and terrestrial +