Polypodium glycyrrhiza

D. C. Eaton

Amer. J. Sci. Arts ser. 2, 22: 138. 1856.

Common names: Licorice fern
Synonyms: Polypodium aleuticum A. E. Bobrov Polypodium falcatum Kellogg Polypodium occidentale (Hooker) Maxon Polypodium vulgare subsp. occidentale (Hooker) Hultén Polypodium vulgare var. falcatum (Kellogg) H. Christ Polypodium vulgare var. occidentale Hooker
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 2.

Stems not whitish pruinose, slender to moderately stout, to 6 mm diam., intensely sweet, licorice-flavored; scales concolored, brown or slightly darker near point of attachment, lanceolate to lanceolate-ovate, symmetric, margins entire. Leaves to 75 cm. Petiole usually slender, 0.5–2 mm diam. Blade lanceolate-ovate to oblong, pinnatifid, widest near middle or just below, to 16 cm wide, herbaceous, rarely slightly leathery; rachis sparsely scaly to glabrescent abaxially, puberulent adaxially; scales linear, usually less than 3 cells wide. Segments linear to oblong, less than 12 mm wide; margins serrate; apex acute to attenuate; midrib puberulent adaxially. Venation free. Sori midway between margin and midrib or slightly closer to midrib, usually less than 3 mm diam., circular to oval when immature. Sporangiasters absent. Spores less than 58 µm, verrucose, with surface projections less than 3 µm. 2n = 74.


Phenology: Sporulating late fall–spring.
Habitat: Cliffs and rocky slopes along coasts, often epiphytic, on a variety of substrates
Elevation: 0–700 m.

Distribution

V2 269-distribution-map.gif

B.C., Yukon, Alaska, Calif., Idaho, Oreg., Wash., Asia in Kamchatka in the former Soviet republics

Discussion

Polypodium glycyrrhiza hybridizes with P. calirhiza and with P. hesperium to produce sterile triploids with misshapen spores. Polypodium glycyrrhiza was involved in the origin of both of these allotetraploid species, and some individuals can be difficult to identify. Free versus anastomosing venation distinguishes this species from P. calirhiza; the presence of adaxial hairs on the rachis separates it from P. hesperium. An additional character for distinguishing these taxa is spore length, which is less than 58 µm in diploid P. glycyrrhiza and more than 58 µm in the two tetraploid species. Reports of P. glycyrrhiza occurring in Arizona (T. Reeves 1981; D. B. Lellinger 1985) are based on misidentified specimens.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.
... more about "Polypodium glycyrrhiza"
acute +  and attenuate +
Christopher H. Haufler +, Michael D. Windham +, Frank A. Lang +  and S. A. Whitmore +
D. C. Eaton +
pinnate +  and pinnatisect +
scaly +  and not glaucous +
pinnatifid +, lanceolate-ovate +  and oblong +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (16 cm160 mm <br />0.16 m <br />) +
Licorice fern +
B.C. +, Yukon +, Alaska +, Calif. +, Idaho +, Oreg. +, Wash. +  and Asia in Kamchatka in the former Soviet republics +
0–700 m. +
elliptic +  and cordate +
Cliffs and rocky slopes along coasts, often epiphytic, on a variety of substrates +
monomorphic +
closely spaced;distant +
narrowed +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (90 cm900 mm <br />0.9 m <br />) +
entire +  and denticulate +
winged +, grooved +  and articulate +
straw-colored +
terete +  and flattened +
Sporulating late fall–spring. +
Amer. J. Sci. Arts +
not adaxially +  and grooved +
puberulent;sparsely scaly;glabrescent abaxially +
1 +  and 3 +
clathrate;not peltate;not clathrate;strongly clathrate +
darker;brown;concolored +
0 +  and 3 +
lanceolate +  and lanceolate-ovate +
linear +  and oblong +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br />) +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
discrete +
circular +  and oval +
of modified sporangia +
yellowish +  and transparent +
pruinose +
not whitish +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
few;numerous +
slender +  and moderately stout +
licorice-flavored +  and sweet +
verrucose +  and tuberculate +
Polypodium aleuticum +, Polypodium falcatum +, Polypodium occidentale +, Polypodium vulgare subsp. occidentale +, Polypodium vulgare var. falcatum +  and Polypodium vulgare var. occidentale +
Polypodium glycyrrhiza +
Polypodium +
species +
anastomosing +
epiphytic +  and terrestrial +
pendent +, arching +  and erect +