Ponthieva racemosa

(Walter) C. Mohr

Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 6: 460. 1901.

Common names: Shadow witch
Illustrated
Basionym: Arethusa racemosa Walter Fl. Carol., 222. 1788
Synonyms: Neottia glandulosa Sims Ponthieva glandulosa (Sims) R. Brown
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 26. Treatment on page 548. Mentioned on page 547.

Plants 30–60 cm. Roots 2–3 mm diam. Stems subterranean, short. Leaves green at anthesis, 2–6, subpetiolate; blade elliptic to oblanceolate, 5–17 × 2–5 cm, apex rounded to acute. Inflorescences: peduncle to 25 cm, partially enclosed by tubular sheaths, proximalmost sometimes leafy; rachis laxly 20–35-flowered, 5–25 cm; floral bracts narrowly lanceolate, clasping base of ovary, to 10 mm, apex acuminate, pubescent. Flowers: sepals greenish white, adaxially pubescent; dorsal sepal distinct, ovate-elliptic to elliptic-lanceolate, 4–7 × 2–3 mm, apex obtuse; lateral sepals broadly, obliquely ovate, 4.3–6.5 × 2.5–3.5 mm, apex acute to obtuse; petals white, green-veined, obliquely triangular, 4–6 × 3.5–5 mm, margins minutely ciliate or entire, glabrous; lip white with green, deeply concave center, distinctly clawed, suborbiculate, 5–7 × 5–7 mm, apex short-caudate; column white, 4–5 mm; pedicellate ovary 10–20 mm. Capsules 8–13 mm.


Phenology: Flowering fall–winter (Sep–Feb).
Habitat: Moist, shady hammocks, swamps, ravines, wet savannas, pine forests
Elevation: 0–50 m

Distribution

V26 1117-distribution-map.jpg

Ala., Fla., Ga., La., Miss., N.C., S.C., Tex., Va., Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America

Discussion

In Florida, Ponthieva racemosa is self-compatible but not autogamous. Natural fruit-set in one population in northern Florida was 35% (J. D. Ackerman 1995). In Florida, small halictid bees were observed visiting the flowers (C. A. Luer 1972).

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.
... more about "Ponthieva racemosa"
self-pollination +
short-caudate +, acute +  and obtuse +
James D. Ackerman +
(Walter) C. Mohr +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
Arethusa racemosa +
indehiscent +
not articulate +
conduplicate +  and plicate +
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (17 cm170 mm <br />0.17 m <br />) +
elliptic +  and oblanceolate +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br />) +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (?) +  and 1.3 cm13 mm <br />0.013 m <br /> (?) +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
suborbiculate +, clawed +  and concave +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
dilated +  and semiterete +
Shadow witch +
Ala. +, Fla. +, Ga. +, La. +, Miss. +, N.C. +, S.C. +, Tex. +, Va. +, Mexico +, West Indies +, Central America +  and South America +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
0–50 m +
3-merous +, sessile +  and pedicellate +
suberect +, erect +  and not resupinate +
dishlike +
Moist, shady hammocks, swamps, ravines, wet savannas, pine forests +
lateral +  and terminal +
connate +  and distinct +
0.43 cm4.3 mm <br />0.0043 m <br /> (0.65 cm6.5 mm <br />0.0065 m <br />) +
subpetiolate +
duplicate +, convolute +, whorled +, opposite +, distichous +  and alternate +
2 (?) +  and 6 (?) +
reduced +
white with green +
concave +  and clawed +
larger +
entire +  and ciliate +
differing in form and color +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
1-many-flowered +  and cymose +
pendent +  and erect +
glandular-pubescent +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (25 cm250 mm <br />0.25 m <br />) +
green-veined +
adnate +  and free +
conspicuous +
triangular +
0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
Flowering fall–winter (Sep–Feb). +
bright-yellow +
Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. +
many-flowered +
20-35-flowered +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
aerial +  and subterranean +
minute +
greenish white +
free +, distinct +, adnate +  and connate +
foliaceous +
not +  and alike +
Illustrated +
rhizomatous +  and simple +
subterranean +
pendent +  and erect +
proliferous +
thickened +  and stout +
concave +  and convex +
Neottia glandulosa +  and Ponthieva glandulosa +
Ponthieva racemosa +
Ponthieva +
species +
annual +  and perennial +
saprophytic +, photosynthetic +  and mycotrophic +