Rorippa palustris

(Linnaeus) Besser

Enum. Pl., 27. 1821.

Weedy
Basionym: Sisymbrium amphibium var. palustre Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 2: 657. 1753
Synonyms: Brachiolobos palustris (Linnaeus) Clairville Cardamine palustris (Linnaeus) Kuntze Caroli-gmelina palustris (Linnaeus) P. Gaertner, B. Meyer & Scherbius Myagrum palustre (Linnaeus) Lamarck Nasturtium palustre (Linnaeus) de Candolle Radicula palustris (Linnaeus) Moench
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 7. Treatment on page 501. Mentioned on page 494, 495, 496, 498, 502.

Annuals or, rarely, perennials; (short-lived, terrestrial or of wet habitat, not submerged); usually glabrous, rarely hirsute, (trichomes cylindrical). Stems (often simple from base), erect, branched distally, (0.5–) 1–10 (–14) dm, (sometimes hirsute proximally). Basal leaves rosulate; blade [(4–) 6–20 (–30) cm × 10–50 (–80) mm] margins lyrate-pinnatisect, (abaxial surface sometimes hirsute). Cauline leaves petiolate or subsessile; blade lyrate-pinnatisect, (lateral lobes oblong or ovate when present), (1.5–) 2.5–10 (–18) cm × (5–) 8–25 (–30) mm, (lateral lobes smaller than terminal), base auriculate or amplexicaul, margins subentire or irregularly dentate, sinuate, serrate, or crenate, (abaxial surface sometimes hirsute). Racemes often considerably elongated. Fruiting pedicels divaricate or slightly to strongly reflexed, straight or curved, (2.5–) 3–10 (–14) mm. Flowers: sepals erect, oblong, 1.5–2.4 (–2.6) × 0.5–1 mm; petals yellow or pale-yellow, spatulate, (1.5–) 1.8–2.5 (–3) × 0.5–1.5 (–2) mm; median filaments 1–2.5 mm; anthers ovate, 0.3–0.5 mm. Fruits usually silicles, rarely siliques, often slightly curved, oblong, ellipsoid, or oblong-ovoid, (2.5–) 4–10 × (1.5–) 1.7–3 (–3.5) mm; ovules 20–90 per ovary; style 0.2–1 (–1.2) mm. Seeds biseriate, brown to yellowish-brown, ovoid or subglobose, 0.5–0.7 (–0.9) mm (0.4–0.6 (–0.7) mm diam.), colliculate.

Distribution

V7 781-distribution-map.gif

Alta., B.C., Man., N.B., N.S., N.W.T., Ont., P.E.I., Que., Sask., Yukon, Ala., Alaska, Ariz., Ark., Calif., Colo., Conn., D.C., Del., Fla., Ga., Idaho, Ill., Ind., Iowa, Kans., Ky., La., Maine, Mass., Md., Mich., Minn., Miss., Mo., Mont., N.C., N.Dak., N.H., N.J., N.Mex., N.Y., Nebr., Nev., Ohio, Okla., Oreg., Pa., R.I., S.C., S.Dak., Tenn., Tex., Utah, Va., Vt., W.Va., Wash., Wis., Wyo., Europe, Asia, in n Mexico, South America, Australia

Discussion

Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora).

Rorippa palustris is a highly variable species with controversial infraspecific taxonomy. B. Jonsell (1968) recognized four subspecies, of which one (subsp. palustris) is cosmopolitan and three are North American. R. L. Stuckey (1972) followed Jonsell but further divided the North American plants into eleven, poorly defined varieties. Division of the species into subspecies based solely on stem height and fruit length is artificial. The variation is continuous in every character, and the recognized infraspecific taxa represent only some of the extremes. Some collections cannot be adequately assigned to a given subspecies or variety, and of all the infraspecific taxa recognized, only two can be consistently separated from each other; they are recognized here as subspecies.

Selected References

None.

Key

1 Stems and abaxial leaf blade surfaces usually glabrous, rarely sparsely pubescent proximally. Rorippa palustris subsp. palustris
1 Stems and abaxial leaf blades surfaces often densely hirsute. Rorippa palustris subsp. hispida

"elongated" is not a number."thick" is not a number."dm" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property."dm" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.

... more about "Rorippa palustris"
0.03 cm0.3 mm <br />3.0e-4 m <br /> (0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br />) +
Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz +
(Linnaeus) Besser +
amplexicaul +  and auriculate +
Sisymbrium amphibium var. palustre +
appendaged +  and unappendaged +
lyrate-pinnatisect +
10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br /> (18 cm180 mm <br />0.18 m <br />) +
2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br /> (3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br />) +
2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br /> (10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br />) +
1-3-pinnatisect +, pectinate +, lyrate +, sinuate +  and dentate +
much smaller +  and reduced +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +
urceolate +, campanulate +  and tubular +
branched +  and simple +
subsessile +  and petiolate +
well-developed +
distinct +
not +  and undifferentiated +
not +  and differentiated +
emarginate +  and entire +
Alta. +, B.C. +, Man. +, N.B. +, N.S. +, N.W.T. +, Ont. +, P.E.I. +, Que. +, Sask. +, Yukon +, Ala. +, Alaska +, Ariz. +, Ark. +, Calif. +, Colo. +, Conn. +, D.C. +, Del. +, Fla. +, Ga. +, Idaho +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Iowa +, Kans. +, Ky. +, La. +, Maine +, Mass. +, Md. +, Mich. +, Minn. +, Miss. +, Mo. +, Mont. +, N.C. +, N.Dak. +, N.H. +, N.J. +, N.Mex. +, N.Y. +, Nebr. +, Nev. +, Ohio +, Okla. +, Oreg. +, Pa. +, R.I. +, S.C. +, S.Dak. +, Tenn. +, Tex. +, Utah +, Va. +, Vt. +, W.Va. +, Wash. +, Wis. +, Wyo. +, Europe +, Asia +, in n Mexico +, South America +  and Australia +
straight +  and curved +
not winged +  and unappendaged +
connate +  and distinct +
actinomorphic +
pink;white;yellow +
spreading +  and erect +
oblanceolate +, oblong +, spatulate +, obovate +  and ovate +
latiseptate +, stipitate +  and sessile +
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br />) +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
oblong-ovoid +, ellipsoid +  and oblong +
0.17 cm1.7 mm <br />0.0017 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
sessile +  and petiolate +
alternate +, not +  and rosulate +
cauline +  and basal +
connate +  and distinct +
decurrent +
crenate;serrate;sinuate;dentate;subentire;crenate;serrate;sinuate;dentate;subentire;crenate;serrate;sinuate;dentate;subentire;crenate;serrate;sinuate;dentate;subentire +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br />) +
tenuinucellate +, crassinucellate +  and bitegmic +
campylotropous +  and anatropous +
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
pale-yellow +  and yellow +
1.8mm;2.5mm +
rudimentary +
spatulate +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br />) +
trinucleate +  and 3(-11)-colpate +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (1.4 cm14 mm <br />0.014 m <br />) +
curved +  and straight +
slender +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
not +  and mucilaginous +
0.07 cm0.7 mm <br />7.0e-4 m <br /> (0.09 cm0.9 mm <br />9.0e-4 m <br />) +
not +  and mucilaginous +
brown +  and yellowish-brown +
0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br /> (?) +
0.4 +  and 0.6 +
colliculate +
subglobose +  and ovoid +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (?) +  and 0.07 cm0.7 mm <br />7.0e-4 m <br /> (?) +
0.24 cm2.4 mm <br />0.0024 m <br /> (0.26 cm2.6 mm <br />0.0026 m <br />) +
persistent +  and caducous +
distinct +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
perforate +  and complete +
reduced +
latiseptate +, stipitate +  and sessile +
terete +, torulose +, globose +, subglobose +, pyriform +, ellipsoid +, ovoid +, oblong +  and linear +
latiseptate +, stipitate +  and sessile +
terete +, torulose +, globose +, subglobose +, pyriform +, ellipsoid +, ovoid +, oblong +  and linear +
tetradynamous +
procumbent +  and decumbent +
2-lobed +, entire +, conical +  and capitate +
subsessile +, sessile +  and petiolate +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.12 cm1.2 mm <br />0.0012 m <br />) +
persistent +
distinct +
0.02 cm0.2 mm <br />2.0e-4 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
Brachiolobos palustris +, Cardamine palustris +, Caroli-gmelina palustris +, Myagrum palustre +, Nasturtium palustre +  and Radicula palustris +
Rorippa palustris +
species +
scale-like +  and forked +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
leathery +  and papery +
anastomosing +
perennial +  and annual +
glabrous +  and hirsute +
rhizomatous +, taprooted +, scapose +  and not +
perennial +, biennial +  and annual +
subshrub +  and herb +
aquatics +  and terrestrial +
glabrous +  and pubescent +