Sandbergia perplexa

(L. F. Henderson) Al-Shehbaz

Harvard Pap. Bot. 12: 426. 2007.

Basionym: Sisymbrium perplexum L. F. Henderson Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 27: 342. 1900
Synonyms: Halimolobos perplexus (L. F. Henderson) Rollins Halimolobos perplexus var. lemhiensis C. L. Hitchcock Sophia perplexa
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 7. Treatment on page 418.

Biennials or perennials; densely to sparsely pubescent, trichomes subsessile, minute, Y-shaped or cruciform, mixed with simple or forked ones. Stems usually several from caudex, rarely simple, erect to decumbent, unbranched or branched distally, (1–) 1.3–4 (–5) dm, densely pubescent throughout or glabrescent distally. Basal leaves rosulate; petiole 0.5–2.5 cm; blade narrowly to broadly oblanceolate, 2–5 cm × 5–15 mm, margins lyrate-pinnatifid to coarsely dentate, apex obtuse to acute, surfaces densely pubescent. Cauline leaves 4–12; blade oblong to oblanceolate, 0.6–2 cm × 2–6 mm (base attenuate, not auriculate), margins coarsely dentate to pinnatifid, or (distal) subentire or dentate, apex obtuse to subacute, surfaces densely to sparsely pubescent. Fruiting pedicels 4–15 mm, densely pubescent to glabrescent. Flowers: sepals 1.5–2 × 0.8–1.2 mm; petals (3–) 4–7 × 1.2–2 mm; filaments 2–3 mm; anthers ovate, 0.5–0.6 mm. Fruits ascending to suberect, straight to slightly tortuous, strongly torulose, strongly latiseptate, (1–) 1.5–2 (–2.5) cm × 0.8–1 mm; valves each with obscure midvein, densely pubescent to glabrescent; ovules 12–20 per ovary; style 0.2–1.3 mm. Seeds 1–1.3 × 0.5–0.6 mm. 2n = 14.


Phenology: Flowering Apr–Jul.
Habitat: Sagebrush flats, pine woods, basaltic gravel and outcrop, sandy banks, rocky hillsides, granitic talus
Elevation: 300-1500 m

Discussion

I have seen limited material of var. lemhiensis, and all the differences given by R. C. Rollins (1993) to separate it from var. perplexa (e.g., style and pedicel length, density of indumentum) are quantitative characters that show continuous, uncorrelated variation. Sandbergia perplexa is known from counties in Idaho (Adams, Butte, Custer, Idaho, Lemhi, Valley), Montana (Beaverhead), and Washington (Douglas).

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"elongated" is not a number."thick" is not a number."dm" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property."dm" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.

... more about "Sandbergia perplexa"
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.06 cm0.6 mm <br />6.0e-4 m <br />) +
obtuse +  and subacute +
Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz +
(L. F. Henderson) Al-Shehbaz +
Sisymbrium perplexum +
appendaged +  and unappendaged +
not +  and auriculate +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
lyrate-pinnatifid +, dentate +  and entire +
dissected +, repand +, sinuate +, crenate +  and dentate +
oblong;oblanceolate +
much smaller +  and reduced +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
urceolate +, campanulate +  and tubular +
branched +  and simple +
well-developed +
indistinct +
not +  and differentiated +
emarginate +  and entire +
incumbent +  and accumbent +
Idaho +, Mont. +  and Wash. +
300-1500 m +
straight +  and curved +
not winged +  and unappendaged +
connate +  and distinct +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
actinomorphic +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +
straight +  and slightly tortuous +
1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
ascending +  and suberect +
torulose +
0.08 cm0.8 mm <br />8.0e-4 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
Sagebrush flats, pine woods, basaltic gravel and outcrop, sandy banks, rocky hillsides, granitic talus +
sessile +  and petiolate +
alternate +, not +  and rosulate +
cauline +  and basal +
connate +  and distinct +
decurrent +
coarsely dentate;pinnatifid or subentire or dentate +
lyrate-pinnatifid to coarsely +
tenuinucellate +, crassinucellate +  and bitegmic +
campylotropous +  and anatropous +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
rudimentary +
oblanceolate-spatulate +
0.12 cm1.2 mm <br />0.0012 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +
Flowering Apr–Jul. +
trinucleate +  and 3(-11)-colpate +
Harvard Pap. Bot. +
subdivaricate +
slender +
mucilaginous +
aseriate +, sub-biseriate +  and biseriate +
not +  and mucilaginous +
white +, black +, brown +  and yellow +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.13 cm1.3 mm <br />0.0013 m <br />) +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.06 cm0.6 mm <br />6.0e-4 m <br />) +
persistent +  and caducous +
distinct +
spreading +, ascending +  and erect +
0.08 cm0.8 mm <br />8.0e-4 m <br /> (0.12 cm1.2 mm <br />0.0012 m <br />) +
reduced +
latiseptate +, schizocarpic +, samaroid +  and lomentaceous +
indehiscent +  and dehiscent +
angustiseptate +, flat +, angled +, terete +, torulose +, not +, segmented +  and nutletlike +
tetradynamous +
branched +, unbranched +  and simple +
procumbent +  and decumbent +
erect +  and decumbent +
glabrescent +  and pubescent +
subsessile +, sessile +  and petiolate +
persistent +
distinct +
0.02 cm0.2 mm <br />2.0e-4 m <br /> (0.13 cm1.3 mm <br />0.0013 m <br />) +
densely pubescent +  and glabrescent +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
Halimolobos perplexus +, Halimolobos perplexus var. lemhiensis +  and Sophia perplexa +
Sandbergia perplexa +
Sandbergia +
species +
cruciform +  and y--shaped +
coiled +, 1-7-veined +  and veined +
densely pubescent +  and glabrescent +
anastomosing +
perennial +  and biennial +
rhizomatous +, taprooted +, scapose +  and not +
perennial +, biennial +  and annual +
subshrub +  and herb +
aquatics +  and terrestrial +
glabrous +  and pubescent +