familyPoaceae
subfamilyPoaceae subfam. Pooideae
tribePoaceae tribe Poeae
genusScolochloa
speciesScolochloa festucacea

Scolochloa festucacea

(Willd.) Link
Mary E. Barkworth
Common names: Common rivergrass Whitetop
Synonyms: Fluminia festucacea
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 24. Treatment on page 734.
Please click on the illustration for a higher resolution version.
Illustrator: Linda Ann Vorobik

Copyright: Utah State University

Culms 70-200 cm tall, 6-8 mm thick at the base. Ligules 3-7 (9) mm; blades 20-45 cm long, 4-12 mm wide. Panicles 15-30 cm; primary branches ascending to divergent, with spikelets appressed to the branches. Spikelets 7-11 mm. Lower glumes 5-8 mm; upper glumes 6.5-10 mm; calluses about 0.5 mm; lemmas 4-9 mm; paleas about as long as the lemmas; anthers 2-4 mm. 2n = 28.

Distribution

Mont., Wyo., Alaska, Minn., Oreg., Kans., Iowa, Alta., B.C., Man., N.W.T., Sask., Yukon, Idaho, N.Dak., Nebr., S.Dak.

Discussion

Scolochloa festucacea grows in ponds, marshes, seasonally flooded basins, and the shallow margins of freshwater to moderately saline lakes and streams. It provides good nesting cover for some waterfowl and shorebirds, and can provide valuable forage for livestock and wildlife. It does not compete well with hybrid cattails (Typba latifolia x T. angustifolia or T. domingensis).

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"decumbent" is not a number.

... more about "Scolochloa festucacea"
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2n chromosome quantity
28 +
Abaxial ligule presence
absent +
Abaxial ligule quantity
common +
Adaxial cell presence
absent +
Adaxial cell shape
bulliform +
Adaxial ligule architecture or pubescence or shape
ciliate +
Adaxial ligule presence
absent +
Adaxial ligule texture
membranous +  and scarious +
Anther quantity
3 +
Anther some measurement
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
Apex pubescence
pubescent +
Apex shape
toothed +  and 3-lobed +
Arm cell presence
absent +
Auricle presence
absent +
Author
Mary E. Barkworth +
Authority
(Willd.) Link +
Awn atypical quantity
1 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
Awn course
straight +
Awn orientation
arising +
Awn position
basal +  and terminal +
Awn quantity
single +
Awn shape
bent +
Back shape
keeled +  and rounded +
Basal floret quantity
1 +  and 2 +
Base architecture
pseudopetiolate +  and branching +
Base arrangement
close +
Base fusion
free +
Base position
intravaginal +, extravaginal +, branching +  and basal +
Base size
swelling +
Base texture
hard +
Base width
thick +
Blade arrangement
parallel +
Blade arrangement or course or shape
linear +
Blade length
20 cm200 mm <br />0.2 m <br /> (45 cm450 mm <br />0.45 m <br />) +
Blade prominence
not evident +
Blade prominence or shape
flat +
Blade shape
cross +, linear +  and narrowly lanceolate +
Blade width
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br />) +
Branch shape
spikelike +
Branch some measurement
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (?) +
Callus development
developed +
Callus height or length or size
short +
Callus pubescence
hairy +
Callus shape
blunt +
Callus some measurement
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (?) +
Common name
Common rivergrass +  and Whitetop +
Culm architecture
rooting +
Culm architecture or arrangement or growth form
solitary +
Culm duration
annual +
Culm growth form
climbing +
Culm growth form or location
floating +
Culm height
70 cm700 mm <br />0.7 m <br /> (200 cm2,000 mm <br />2 m <br />) +
Culm orientation
ascending +  and erect +
Culm some measurement
70 cm700 mm <br />0.7 m <br /> (200 cm2,000 mm <br />2 m <br />) +
Culm texture
not woody +
Culm thickness
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
Distal floret architecture
3-7-veined +
Distal floret size
reduced +
Distribution
Mont. +, Wyo. +, Alaska +, Minn. +, Oreg. +, Kans. +, Iowa +, Alta. +, B.C. +, Man. +, N.W.T. +, Sask. +, Yukon +, Idaho +, N.Dak. +, Nebr. +  and S.Dak. +
Embryo quantity
1/4 +  and 1/3 +
Endosperm texture
liquid +, soft +  and hard +
Filament shape
capillary +
Floret architecture
pistillate +  and staminate +
Floret arrangement
adjacent +
Floret length or size
sometimes longer +
Floret position or shape
distal +
Floret quantity
3 +  and 4 +
Floret reproduction
sterile +  and bisexual +
Floret shape
compressed +
Floret size
reduced +
Glume architecture or shape
awned +
Glume height or length or size
shorter +
Glume length or size
shorter or longer +
Glume position
subtending +
Glume presence
absent +
Glume quantity
2 +
Glume shape
acute +  and acuminate +
Glume size
unequal +
Glume variability
equal +
Hair length
0mm +  and 0.2mm +
Hair quantity
few +
Hair shape
uncinate +
Hilum arrangement or course or shape
linear +
Hilum coloration or relief
punctate +
Hilum shape
Ovate (?) +
Illustration
Present +
Illustration copyright
Utah State University +
Illustrator
Linda Ann Vorobik +
Inflorescence architecture
compound +
Inflorescence position or structure subtype
terminal +
Internode architecture
hollow +
Internode presence
absent +
Internode pubescence
with a few hairs +  and glabrous +
Layer presence
absent +
Leaf arrangement
distichous +
Leaf margin arrangement
Overlapping (?) +
Lemma architecture
3-9-veined +
Lemma architecture or shape
awned +
Lemma arrangement
adjacent +
Lemma height or length or size
shorter +
Lemma length or size
longer +
Lemma pubescence
glabrous +
Lemma shape
rounded +
Lemma some measurement
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br />) +
Ligule atypical some measurement
9 +
Ligule presence
absent +
Ligule shape
truncate +  and rounded +
Ligule some measurement
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
Ligule texture
membranous +
Lodicule architecture
veined +
Lodicule architecture or pubescence or shape
ciliate +
Lodicule architecture or shape
truncate +
Lodicule fusion
free +
Lodicule prominence
inconspicuous +
Lodicule pubescence
glabrous +
Lodicule quantity
2 +
Lodicule shape
lanceolate +
Lodicule texture
membranous +
Lower glume architecture
1-5-veined +
Lower glume height or length or size
shorter +
Lower glume some measurement
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
Midrib architecture
simple +
Node prominence
concealed +  and prominent +
Number of lower taxa
0 +
Other quantity
2 +  and 1 +
Ovary presence
absent +
Ovary pubescence
hairy +  and glabrous +
Palea development
well-developed +
Palea presence
absent +
Palea shape
2-keeled +
Palea size
minute +
Panicle architecture
open +
Panicle shape
spikelike +
Panicle size
reduced +
Panicle some measurement
15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br /> (30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br />) +
Papilla presence
absent +
Pericarp arrangement
separating +
Pericarp condition or texture
dry +
Pericarp texture
dry +  and fleshy +
Pericarp width
thin +
Primary branch arrangement
divergent +
Primary branch orientation
ascending +
Pseudopetiole development
not developed +
Pseudopetiole presence
absent +
Rachilla length
prolonged +
Rachis prominence
evident +
Reference
None +
Sheath architecture
open +
Sheath condition
closed +
Sheath length
open +
Source xml
https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V24/V24 1038.xml +
Spike architecture
ebracteate +
Spikelet architecture
pedicellate +
Spikelet arrangement
mixed +
Spikelet fixation
attached +
Spikelet fixation or orientation
appressed +
Spikelet quantity
1 +  and 60 +
Spikelet reproduction
viviparous +
Spikelet shape
compressed +
Spikelet some measurement
0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br /> (1.1 cm11 mm <br />0.011 m <br />) +
Stamen quantity
1 +  and 3 +
Starch-grain architecture
simple +  and compound +
Style-branch atypical quantity
4 +  and 1 +
Style-branch quantity
2 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
Style quantity
2 +
Subsidiary-cell architecture
parallel-sided +
Synonyms
Fluminia festucacea +
Taxon family
Poaceae +
Taxon name
Scolochloa festucacea +
Taxon parent
Scolochloa +
Taxon rank
species +
Terminal floret reproduction
sexual +
Tissue coloration
hyaline +
Tissue texture
membranous +
Upper glume some measurement
0.65 cm6.5 mm <br />0.0065 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
Upper glume variability
equaling +
Vein architecture
excurrent +
Vein arrangement
parallel +  and converging +
Vein presence
absent +
Vein quantity
2 (?) +
Vein size
major +
Volume
Volume 24 +
Whole organism architecture
rhizomatous +
Whole organism arrangement or pubescence
tufted +
Whole organism duration
perennial +
Whole organism growth form
plant +
Whole organism growth form or habitat
aquatic +  and terrestrial +
X chromosome quantity
7 +