Smilax herbacea

Linnaeus

Sp. Pl. 2: 1030. 1753.

Common names: Carrion-flower Jacob’s-ladder smilax herbacé
Endemic
Synonyms: Coprosmanthus herbaceus (Linnaeus) Kunth Coprosmanthus peduncularis (Muhlenberg ex Willdenow) Kunth Nemexia cerulea Rafinesque Nemexia herbacea (Linnaeus) Small Nemexia nigra Rafinesque Smilax herbacea subsp. crispifolia Pennell Smilax herbacea var. peduncularis (Muhlenberg ex Willdenow) A. de Candolle Smilax herbacea var. simsii A. de Candolle Smilax peduncularis
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 26. Treatment on page 473. Mentioned on page 467, 471.

Vines. Stems annual, climbing, branching, to 2.5 m, herbaceous, glabrous; prickles absent. Leaves: petiole thin, 1–6 cm; tendrils numerous, long, functional; blade oblong-ovate, ovate, or round, 4.5–12 × 3–9 cm, glabrous abaxially, base cordate to truncate, margins entire, apex obtuse to acute; proximal cauline leaves narrower and smaller. Umbels many, axillary to leaves, 20–100+-flowered, globose; peduncle to 30 cm, progressively shorter distally. Flowers: perianth greenish, carrion-scented; tepals 3.5–4.5 mm; anthers much shorter than filaments; ovules (1–) 2 per locule; pedicel 0.5–2 cm. Berries blue, subglobose, ca. 10 mm diam., glaucous. 2n = 26.


Phenology: Flowering May–Jun.
Habitat: Higher elevations in rich woods, alluvial thickets, and meadows, often in calcareous soils
Elevation: 100–800 m

Distribution

V26 987-distribution-map.jpg

N.B., Ont., Que., Ala., Ga., Ky., Maine, Md., Mass., N.H., N.Y., N.C., Ohio, Pa., S.C., Tenn., Vt., Va., W.Va.

Discussion

The leaves and habit of Smilax herbacea are quite variable.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"thin" is not a number.

... more about "Smilax herbacea"
obtuse +  and acute +
Walter C. Holmes +
Linnaeus +
cordate to truncate +
10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br /> (?) +
subglobose +
4.5 cm45 mm <br />0.045 m <br /> (12 cm120 mm <br />0.12 m <br />) +
round +, ovate +  and oblong-ovate +
reduced +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (?) +  and 9 cm90 mm <br />0.09 m <br /> (?) +
Carrion-flower +, Jacob’s-ladder +  and smilax herbacé +
N.B. +, Ont. +, Que. +, Ala. +, Ga. +, Ky. +, Maine +, Md. +, Mass. +, N.H. +, N.Y. +, N.C. +, Ohio +, Pa. +, S.C. +, Tenn. +, Vt. +, Va. +  and W.Va. +
100–800 m +
pistillate +  and staminate +
Higher elevations in rich woods, alluvial thickets, and meadows, often in calcareous soils +
pedunculate +  and umbellate +
evergreen +  and deciduous +
leathery +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br />) +
carrion-scented +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br />) +
Flowering May–Jun. +
stoloniferous +  and tuberous +
filiform +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (250 cm2,500 mm <br />2.5 m <br />) +
herbaceous +  and woody +
Coprosmanthus herbaceus +, Coprosmanthus peduncularis +, Nemexia cerulea +, Nemexia herbacea +, Nemexia nigra +, Smilax herbacea subsp. crispifolia +, Smilax herbacea var. peduncularis +, Smilax herbacea var. simsii +  and Smilax peduncularis +
Smilax herbacea +
species +
bronze +, yellow +  and greenish +
distinct +
ovate;elliptic +
0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br /> (0.45 cm4.5 mm <br />0.0045 m <br />) +
20-100+-flowered +
globose +